Nacaduba Pavana
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''Nacaduba pavana'', the small four-line blue or Singapore four-line blue, is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in
Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...
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Description

Male upperside: purple with a frosted silvery-blue sheen very much as in ''N. macrophthalma''. Forewing: a slender black anteciliary line. Hindwing: costal and dorsal margins somewhat broadly dull brown, an anteciliary black line as on the forewing; the subterminal black spots in interspaces 1 and 2 of the underside apparent in most specimens by transparency. Underside: ground colour and markings similar to those of ''N. macrophthalma'' but far more slender and more neatly defined. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in ''N. macrophthalma''. Female upperside, forewing: costa broadly, apex and termen still more broadly brown; a narrow edging of pale brown along the dorsal margin; rest of the wing grey, shot with iridescent blue in certain lights. Hindwing: pale brown, much paler than the brown on the forewing; base very obscurely shot with iridescent blue; costal and dorsal margins brownish white; a transverse subterminal series of black spots edged inwardly and outwardly with slender white lines, two minute spots in interspace 1 geminate (paired), that in interspace 2 large, these three crowned inwardly beyond the white edging with an additional dusky spot. Underside: very similar to that of the male, ground colour paler, transverse white strigae broader. Both male and female have the basal area of the forewing within the transverse white strigae lining the inner side of the discocellulars immaculate, as in ''N. macrophthalma'' and'' N. kerriana''.


Distribution

Charles Thomas Bingham Charles Thomas Bingham (16 April 1848 – 18 October 1908) was an Irish military officer and entomologist. Bingham was born in India of an old Irish family, and he was educated in Ireland.Kirby, W.F , 1909 Obituary correction ''Entomologists mo ...
(1907) reports the butterfly from Sikkim; Bhutan; Assam; Cachar; Burma; Tenasserim; the Andamans. Described originally from Java. As per Savela the butterfly ranges from Tibet, India - Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Langkawi, Sumatra, Philippines (Mindanao) and Sulawesi.


Taxonomy

The butterfly has five
subspecies In Taxonomy (biology), biological classification, subspecies (: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (Morphology (biology), morpholog ...
: * ''N. p. pavana'' * ''N. p. singapura'' * ''N. p. vajuva'' * ''N. p. georgi'' * ''N. p. visuna''


''N. p. vajuva''

The subspecies ''N. p. vajuva'' Frühstorfer 1916, which is known as the violet four-line blue, occurs in India, Myanmar and Thailand. It was earlier considered a separate species.


See also

*
List of butterflies of India (Lycaenidae) This is a list of the butterflies of India belonging to the family Lycaenidae and an index to the species articles. This forms part of the full List of butterflies of India. This list is based on Evans (1932) and includes 318 species bel ...


Cited references


References

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External links

* With images. {{Taxonbar , from=Q6957067 Nacaduba Butterflies of Asia Butterflies of Singapore Butterflies described in 1828