NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 also known as AMPK-related protein kinase 5 (ARK5) is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''NUAK1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
Acts as a regulator of cellular senescence and cellular ploidy by mediating phosphorylation of 'Ser-464' of LATS1, thereby controlling its stability. Controls cell adhesion by regulating activity of the myosin protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex.
Clinical significance
ARK5 is important in tumor malignancy and invasiveness.
Research findings
ARK5 is often overexpressed in
multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibody, antibodies. Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. As it progresses, bone ...
cell lines.
[Multi-Target Drug Blocks Myeloma Proliferation. March 2016]
/ref>[
ARK5 increases MT1-MMP production.][ (MT1-MMP activates MMP-2 and MMP-9 which are involved in tumor ]metastasis
Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spreading from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; the term is typically used when referring to metastasis by a cancerous tumor. The newly pathological sites, ...
.[)
]
As a drug target
ON123300 (a CDK4
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), also known as cell division protein kinase 4, is an enzyme that is encoded by the ''CDK4'' gene in humans. CDK4 is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, a group of serine/threonine kinases which regula ...
inhibitor), also inhibits ARK5 and reduces proliferation of multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibody, antibodies. Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. As it progresses, bone ...
and mantle cell lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, comprising about 6% of cases. It is named for the mantle zone of the lymph nodes where it develops. The term 'mantle cell lymphoma' was first adopted by Raffe ...
cell lines.[
]
Interactions
NUAK1 has been shown to interact with USP9X
Probable ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase FAF-X is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''USP9X'' gene.
Function
This gene is a member of the peptidase C19 family and encodes a protein that is similar to ubiquitin-specific protease ...
[
]
References
Further reading
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EC 2.7.11
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