Mülln (Bavarian: "Mijn" or "Mün") is a small neighborhood in

Salzburg Salzburg is the List of cities and towns in Austria, fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020 its population was 156,852. The city lies on the Salzach, Salzach River, near the border with Germany and at the foot of the Austrian Alps, Alps moun ...

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

surrounded by the Salzach River and neighborhoods ,

Riedenburg Riedenburg () is a town in the district of Kelheim, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Altmühl, northwest of Kelheim and northeast of Ingolstadt Ingolstadt (; Austro-Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian: ) is an Independent ci ...

and Maxglan. The northern border is formed by the Westbahnlinie (West Train Line), Aiglhofstraße forms the border with Maxglan, and Reichenhallerstraße forms the border with Riedenburg. The old suburb Mülln (Inneres Mülln) belongs to the

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Site of the city Salzburg. Approximately 1000 residents live in this small neighborhood.

History

Naming: Mülln was first known in 790 as „ad molendina“, named by the Millers. Mülln, which arose from a small

milling Milling may refer to: * Milling (minting), forming narrow ridges around the edge of a coin * Milling (grinding), breaking solid materials into smaller pieces by grinding, crushing, or cutting in a mill * Milling (machining), a process of using ro ...

city, is possibly the oldest

suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area. They are oftentimes where most of a metropolitan areas jobs are located with some being predominantly residential. They can either be denser or less densely populated ...

of the middle-age fortress city Salzburg. These mills were first supplied with the surplus water of Riedenburg Moor and bordering Wildmoos (now known as Leopoldskroner Moor) and later supplied through an arm of the Almkanal. At its latest, in the 12th century, the area and its core settlement on the north end of Mönchsberg took the name Mülln. The oldest of Mülln's documented Mills are: * The Mill of St. Peter's Monastery in the 12th century, * The Mill of Nonnberg Convent (Salzachmühle), * The Mill of the Domkapitel (Later named the Heilmayrmühle), * The Prince Archbishop's Mill (Located at Bärengässchen 4), * The Wartelstein Mill (Later named the Glaninger Mill) from 1330. Today there are almost no remaining

mill Mill may refer to: Science and technology * Factory * Mill (grinding) * Milling (machining) * Millwork * Paper mill * Steel mill, a factory for the manufacture of steel * Sugarcane mill * Textile mill * List of types of mill * Mill, the arithmetic ...

s in Mülln. The Monastery's and Salzach's Mills belonged earlier to the Merciful Sisters and exist today as the property of St. Peter's Monastery located in Aiglhof. Mülln once possessed 5 city gates, which stood partially prior to 1480, the time of the second city fortification of the city Salzburg: * Liefering Gate (Das Lieferinger Tor) * Grimming Gate (Das Grimmingtor) * Wartelstein Gate(Das Wartelsteintor) * Two fluid gates to the Salzach River (in Bärengässchen and in Salzachgässchen)

The Pfarrkirche

As of 1835 the Parish of Benedictine Abbey Michaelbeuern has incorporated the

Augustine Order Augustine of Hippo ( , ; ; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430) was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa. His writings deeply influenced the development of Western philosophy ...

"to our dear women of Mülln" („zu Unseren Lieben Frau zu Mülln“). The first mention of a chapel in Mülln was in 1148. Archbishop Gebhard at this time had commissioned the dilapidated altar of the Marien Chapel to be restored. Mülln possibly became the oldest Salzburg suburb to be fortified and militarily secured, complete with walls and guard towers. Also the church, at the time possibly found on the main street, was included as well. A Roman

crucifix A crucifix (from the Latin meaning '(one) fixed to a cross') is a cross with an image of Jesus on it, as distinct from a bare cross. The representation of Jesus himself on the cross is referred to in English as the (Latin for 'body'). The cru ...

is preserved from this time.

References

Literature

* Adolf Hahnl, Hans L. Ostermann, Harald Waitzbauer: ''375 Jahre Augustiner Bräu Kloster Mülln in Salzburg.'' Salzburg 1995 {{DEFAULTSORT:Mulln Districts of Salzburg