''Mycale'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of
demosponge
Demosponges (Demospongiae) are the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include 76.2% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide (World Porifera Database). They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard ...
with 240 recognised species in 11
subgenera
In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.
In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed betwee ...
.
It has been a large genus with multiple subdivisions since it was first described in 1867.
Species
The following species are recognized in the genus ''Mycale'':
;Subgenus Mycale (Aegogropila)
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) adhaerens''
(Lambe, 1893)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) americana''
van Soest, 1984
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) antiae''
Urgorri & Díaz-Agras, 2019
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) arndti''
van Soest, 1984
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) bamfieldensis''
Reiswig & Kaiser, 1989
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) carmigropila''
Hajdu & Rützler, 1998
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) cavernosa''
Bergquist, 1965
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) citrina''
Hajdu & Rützler, 1998
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) contarenii''
(Lieberkühn, 1859)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) crassissima''
(Dendy, 1905)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) denticulata''
Bertolino, Calcinai & Pansini, 2009
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) dickinsoni''
Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2010
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) dubia''
(Czerniavsky, 1880)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) escarlatei''
Hajdu, Zea, Kielman & Peixinho, 1995
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) flagelliformis''
(Bergquist & Fromont, 1988)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) furcata''
Calcinai, Bavestrello, Bertolino, Pica, Wagner & Cerrano, 2013
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) jukdoensis''
Kang & Sim, 2005
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) kolletae''
Carballo & Hajdu, 2001
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) lilianae''
Carballo & Hajdu, 1998
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) magellanica''
(Ridley, 1881)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) magnitoxa''
Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2010
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) meridionalis''
Lévi, 1963
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) militaris''
Annandale, 1914
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) nodulosa''
Goodwin, Jones, Neely & Brickle, 2011
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) pachysigmata''
Pulitzer-Finali, 1996
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) parvasigma''
Hoshino, 1981
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) pellucida''
(Ridley, 1884)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) phillipensis''
(Dendy, 1896)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) plumosa''
sensu Hoshino, 1981
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) porosa''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) retifera''
Topsent, 1924
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) rotalis''
(Bowerbank, 1874)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra''
Cedro, Hajdu & Correia, 2013
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) serpens''
(Lendenfeld, 1888)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) simonis''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) sulevoidea''
(Sollas, 1902)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) syringosimilis''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) syrinx''
(Schmidt, 1862)
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) tapetum''
Samaai & Gibbons, 2005
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) tenerifensis''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Aegogropila) tunicata''
(Schmidt, 1862)
;Subgenus Mycale (Anomomycale)
Topsent, 1924
*''
Mycale (Anomomycale) titubans''
(Schmidt, 1870)
;Subgenus Mycale (Arenochalina)
Lendenfeld, 1887
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) africamucosa''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) anomala''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) aplysilloides''
(Lendenfeld, 1888)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) euplectellioides''
(Row, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) flammula''
(Lamarck, 1814)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) incrustans''
(Burton, 1932)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) laxissima''
(Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) mirabilis''
(Lendenfeld, 1887)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) pluriloba''
(Lamarck, 1814)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) setosa''
(Keller, 1889)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) tenuityla''
(Pulitzer-Finali, 1982)
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) trincomaliensis''
Rao, 1941
*''
Mycale (Arenochalina) truncatella''
(Lendenfeld, 1887)
;Subgenus Mycale (Carmia)
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Carmia) atropha''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Carmia) babici''
(Laubenfels, 1936)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) bolivari''
Ferrer-Hernandez, 1914
*''
Mycale (Carmia) carlilei''
Lehnert, Stone & Heimler, 2006
*''
Mycale (Carmia) cecilia''
Laubenfels, 1936
*''
Mycale (Carmia) cockburniana''
Hentschel, 1911
*''
Mycale (Carmia) confundata''
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) contax''
(Dickinson, 1945)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) crassa''
(Dendy, 1896)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) cucumis''
Koltun, 1958
*''
Mycale (Carmia) digitata''
Bergquist & Tizard, 1967
*''
Mycale (Carmia) diminuta''
Sarà, 1978
*''
Mycale (Carmia) ernsthentscheli''
Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
*''
Mycale (Carmia) erythraeana''
(Row, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) fascibula''
(Topsent, 1904)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) fibrexilis''
(Wilson, 1894)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) fistulifera''
(Row, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) fusiformis''
Lévi, 1960
*''
Mycale (Carmia) gaussiana''
Hentschel, 1914
*''
Mycale (Carmia) guineensis''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Carmia) helios''
(Fristedt, 1887)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) hentscheli''
(Bergquist & Fromont, 1988)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) hispida''
(Lambe, 1893)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) lissochela''
Bergquist, 1965
*''
Mycale (Carmia) macilenta''
(Bowerbank, 1866)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) magnirhaphidifera''
van Soest, 1984
*''
Mycale (Carmia) micracanthoxea''
Buizer & van Soest, 1977
*''
Mycale (Carmia) microsigmatosa''
Arndt, 1927
*''
Mycale (Carmia) microxea''
Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976
*''
Mycale (Carmia) minima''
(Waller, 1880)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) murrayi''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) mytilorum''
Annandale, 1914
*''
Mycale (Carmia) nullarosette''
Hoshino, 1981
*''
Mycale (Carmia) orientalis''
(Topsent, 1897)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) papillosa''
Koltun, 1959
*''
Mycale (Carmia) phyllophila
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Hentschel, 1911
*''
Mycale (Carmia) pulvinus
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Samaai & Gibbons, 2005
*''
Mycale (Carmia) raphidiophora''
Hentschel, 1911
*''
Mycale (Carmia) richardsoni''
Bakus, 1966
*''
Mycale (Carmia) samaaii''
Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
*''
Mycale (Carmia) sanguinea''
Tsurnamal, 1969
*''
Mycale (Carmia) senegalensis''
Lévi, 1952
*''
Mycale (Carmia) stegoderma''
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) subclavata''
(Bowerbank, 1866)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) suezza''
(Row, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) tasmani''
(Bergquist & Fromont, 1988)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) tenuisinuousitylostyli''
Hoshino, 1981
*''
Mycale (Carmia) tenuispiculata''
(Dendy, 1905)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) toxifera''
(Dendy, 1896)
*''
Mycale (Carmia) urizae''
Carballo & Hajdu, 1998
;Subgenus Mycale (Grapelia)
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) ancorina''
(Whitelegge, 1906)
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) australis''
(Gray, 1867)
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) burtoni''
Hajdu, 1995
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) carteri''
(Dendy & Frederick, 1924)
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) menylloides''
Hajdu, 1995
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) trichophora''
(Dendy & Frederick, 1924)
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) unguifera''
Hajdu, Zea, Kielman & Peixinho, 1995
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) vaceleti''
Hajdu, 1995
*''
Mycale (Grapelia) vansoesti''
Hajdu, 1995
;Subgenus Mycale (Mycale)
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Mycale) alagoana''
Cedro, Hajdu & Correia, 2011
*''
Mycale (Mycale) anisochela
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Lévi, 1963
*''
Mycale (Mycale) arctica''
(Fristedt, 1887)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) arenaria''
Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez, 1994
*''
Mycale (Mycale) arenicola''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) armata''
Thiele, 1903
*''
Mycale (Mycale) aruensis''
Hentschel, 1912
*''
Mycale (Mycale) beatrizae''
Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez, 1994
*''
Mycale (Mycale) brownorum''
Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012
*''
Mycale (Mycale) cartwrighti''
Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012
*''
Mycale (Mycale) chujaensis''
Kang & Sim, 2005
*''
Mycale (Mycale) darwini''
Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez, 1994
*''
Mycale (Mycale) dendyi''
(Row, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) doellojuradoi''
Burton, 1940
*''
Mycale (Mycale) fibrosa''
Boury-Esnault & Van Beveren, 1982
*''
Mycale (Mycale) fusca''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) gelatinosa''
(Ridley, 1884)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) geojensis''
Sim & Lee, 2001
*''
Mycale (Mycale) grandis''
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Mycale) gravelyi''
Burton, 1937
*''
Mycale (Mycale) immitis''
(Schmidt, 1870)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) indica''
(Carter, 1887)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) japonica''
Koltun, 1959
*''
Mycale (Mycale) jasoniae''
Lehnert, Stone & Heimler, 2006
*''
Mycale (Mycale) laevis''
(Carter, 1882)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) lapidiformis''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) lingua''
(Bowerbank, 1866)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) longistyla''
Koltun, 1958
*''
Mycale (Mycale) loveni''
(Fristedt, 1887)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) macginitiei''
de Laubenfels, 1930
*''
Mycale (Mycale) macrochela''
Burton, 1932
*''
Mycale (Mycale) madraspatana''
Annandale, 1914
*''
Mycale (Mycale) massa''
(Schmidt, 1862)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) monanchorata''
Burton & Rao, 1932
*''
Mycale (Mycale) myriasclera''
Lévi & Lévi, 1983
*''
Mycale (Mycale) novaezealandiae''
Dendy, 1924
*''
Mycale (Mycale) paschalis''
Desqueyroux-Faúndez, 1990
*''
Mycale (Mycale) quadripartita''
Boury-Esnault, 1973
*''
Mycale (Mycale) rara''
(Dendy, 1896)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) rhaphidotoxa''
Hentschel, 1912
*''
Mycale (Mycale) strongylophora''
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
*''
Mycale (Mycale) sulcata
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Hentschel, 1911
*''
Mycale (Mycale) thielei''
Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez, 1994
*''
Mycale (Mycale) toporoki''
Koltun, 1958
*''
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti''
Burton, 1959
*''
Mycale (Mycale) trichela
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Lévi, 1963
*''
Mycale (Mycale) tridens''
Hentschel, 1914
*''
Mycale (Mycale) tylota''
Koltun, 1958
;Subgenus Mycale (Naviculina)
Gray, 1867
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) arcuiris''
Lerner & Hajdu, 2002
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) chungae''
Lerner & Hajdu, 2002
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) cleistochela''
Vacelet & Vasseur, 1971
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) cliftoni''
(Gray, 1867)
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) cruzi''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) diastrophochela''
Lévi, 1969
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) diversisigmata''
(van Soest, 1984)
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) flagellifera''
Vacelet & Vasseur, 1971
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) neunggulensis''
Sim & Kang, 2004
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) obscura''
(Carter, 1882)
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) peculiaris''
Pulitzer-Finali, 1996
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) purpurata''
Lerner & Hajdu, 2002
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) thaumatochela''
Lundbeck, 1905
*''
Mycale (Naviculina) ulleungensis''
Sim & Kang, 2004
;Subgenus Mycale (Oxymycale)
Hentschel, 1929
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) acerata''
Kirkpatrick, 1907
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) intermedia''
(Schmidt, 1874)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) klausjanusorum''
Van Soest, 2018
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) koreana''
(Sim, 1982)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) paradoxa''
(de Laubenfels, 1935)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) renieroides''
(Schmidt, 1870)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) rhoi''
(Sim & Lee, 1998)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) stecarmia''
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) stephensae''
Samaai & Gibbons, 2005
*''
Mycale (Oxymycale) tylotornota''
Koltun, 1964
;Subgenus Mycale (Paresperella)
Dendy, 1905
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) atlantica
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
Stephens, 1917
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) bidentata''
(Dendy, 1905)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) claudei''
Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) curvisigma''
(Lévi, 1969)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) dentata''
Sarà, 1958
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) dichela''
(Hentschel, 1911)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) janvermeuleni''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) levii
Mycale (). also Mykale and Mykali ( grc, Μυκάλη, ''Mykálē''), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander ...
''
(Uriz, 1987)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) macrosigma''
(Lindgren, 1897)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) microsigma''
(Bergquist & Fromont, 1988)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis''
(Thiele, 1903)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) penicillium''
(Lendenfeld, 1888)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) psila''
(de Laubenfels, 1930)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) repens''
(Whitelegge, 1907)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) serratohamata''
(Carter, 1880)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) serrulata''
Sarà & Siribelli, 1960
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) spinosigma''
(Boury-Esnault, 1973)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) undulata''
(Tanita, 1968)
*''
Mycale (Paresperella) vitellina''
van Soest, 2009
;Subgenus Mycale (Rhaphidotheca)
Kent, 1870
*''
Mycale (Rhaphidotheca) coronata''
(Dendy, 1926)
*''
Mycale (Rhaphidotheca) ernsti''
Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
*''
Mycale (Rhaphidotheca) loricata''
(Topsent, 1896)
*''
Mycale (Rhaphidotheca) marshallhalli''
(Kent, 1870)
*''
Mycale (Rhaphidotheca) verdensis''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
;Subgenus Mycale (Zygomycale)
Topsent, 1930
*''
Mycale (Zygomycale) angulosa''
(Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
*''
Mycale (Zygomycale) parishii''
(Bowerbank, 1875)
*''
Mycale (Zygomycale) pectinicola''
Hentschel, 1911
*''
Mycale (Zygomycale) ramulosa''
Carballo & Cruz-Barrazo, 2010
*''
Mycale (Zygomycale) sierraleonensis''
Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2014
;Subgenus unassigned
*''
Mycale corrugata''
(Bowerbank, 1866)
*''
Mycale cylindrica''
(Whitelegge, 1906)
*''
Mycale diaphana''
(Schmidt, 1870)
*''
Mycale humilis''
(Thiele, 1903)
*''
Mycale imperfecta''
Baer, 1906
*''
Mycale incurvata''
Lévi, 1993
*''
Mycale izuensis''
Tanita & Hoshino, 1989
*''
Mycale jophon''
(Swartschewsky, 1905)
*''
Mycale lindbergi''
Koltun, 1958
*''
Mycale mammiformis''
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
*''
Mycale mannarensis''
Thomas, 1968
*''
Mycale multisclera''
Pulitzer-Finali, 1993
*''
Mycale ochotensis''
Koltun, 1959
*''
Mycale pluma''
(Lamarck, 1814)
*''
Mycale profunda''
Koltun, 1964
*''
Mycale radiosa''
(Bowerbank, 1876)
*''
Mycale relicta''
Annandale, 1924
*''
Mycale tenuis''
Sarà, 1978
*''
Mycale textilis''
(Whitelegge, 1906)
*''
Mycale vermistyla''
Li, 1986
*''
Mycale waitei''
(Whitelegge, 1906)
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5382457
Poecilosclerida