:''This is a subarticle of
Islamic scholars,
List of Muslim scholars and
List of historians.''
The following is a list of Muslim historians writing in the
Islamic historiographical tradition, which developed from
hadith
Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval ...
literature in the time of the first
caliph
A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...
s. This list is focused on pre-modern historians who wrote before the heavy European influence that occurred from the 19th century onward.
Chronological list
The historians of the formative period
First era: 700-750 (Ibn Zubayr and al-Zuhri's histories no longer exist, but they are referenced in later works).
*
Urwah ibn Zubayr (d. 712)
*
Aban bin Uthman bin Affan (d. 723)
*
Wahb ibn Munabbih (d. 735)
Second era: 750-800
*
Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri
Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Shihab al-Zuhri ( ar, محمد بن مسلم بن عبید الله بن عبد الله بن شهاب الزهری, translit=Muḥammad ibn Muslim ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿAbd Allāh b. S̲h̲i ...
(d.741)
*
Ibn Ishaq
Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Yasār ibn Khiyār (; according to some sources, ibn Khabbār, or Kūmān, or Kūtān, ar, محمد بن إسحاق بن يسار بن خيار, or simply ibn Isḥaq, , meaning "the son of Isaac"; died 767) was an 8 ...
(d. 761)
Sirah Rasul Allah (The Life of the Apostle of God)
*
Abi Mikhnaf (d. 774)
Maqtal al-Husayn
Third era: 800-860
*
Hisham ibn al-Kalbi (d. 819)
*
Al-Waqidi
Abu `Abdullah Muhammad Ibn ‘Omar Ibn Waqid al-Aslami (Arabic ) (c. 130 – 207 AH; c. 747 – 823 AD) was a historian commonly referred to as al-Waqidi (Arabic: ). His surname is derived from his grandfather's name Waqid and thus he became fa ...
(d. 823) ''Kitab al-Tarikh wa'l-Maghazi'' (Book of History and Battles).
*
Ibn Hisham (d. 835)
*
Ibn Sa'd (d. 845)
*
Khalifa ibn Khayyat (d. 854)
Fourth era: 860-900
*
Ibn Abd al-Hakam (d. 871) ''Futuh Misr wa'l-Maghrib wa akhbaruha''
*
Ibn Qutaybah (d. 889) ''Uyun al-akhbar'',
Al-Imama wa al-Siyasa[(Robinson hasn't mentioned his name.)]
*
Al-Dinawari
Abū Ḥanīfa Aḥmad ibn Dāwūd Dīnawarī ( fa, ابوحنيفه دينوری; died 895) was a Persian Islamic Golden Age polymath, astronomer, agriculturist, botanist, metallurgist, geographer, mathematician, and historian.
Life
Din ...
(d. 891) ''Akbar al-tiwal''
*
Baladhuri (d. 892)
*
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
( ar, أبو جعفر محمد بن جرير بن يزيد الطبري), more commonly known as al-Ṭabarī (), was a Muslim historian and scholar from Amol, Tabaristan. Among the most prominent figures of the Islamic Golden Age, al-Tabari ...
(838CE–923CE)
History of the Prophets and Kings
Fifth era: 900-950
*
Ya'qubi (d. 900)
Tarikh al-Yaqubi
*
Ibn Fadlan
Aḥmad ibn Faḍlān ibn al-ʿAbbās ibn Rāšid ibn Ḥammād, ( ar, أحمد بن فضلان بن العباس بن راشد بن حماد; ) commonly known as Ahmad ibn Fadlan, was a 10th-century Muslim traveler, famous for his account of hi ...
(d. after 922)
*
Ibn A'tham (d. 314/926-27) ''al-Futuh''
*
Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī (d. 945)
The historians of the classical period
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
and
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkm ...
*
Abu Bakr bin Yahya al-Suli (d. 946)
*
Ali al-Masudi (d. 955)
The Meadows of Gold
''Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems'' ( ar, مُرُوج ٱلذَّهَب وَمَعَادِن ٱلْجَوْهَر, ') is a book of history in Arabic of the beginning of the world starting with Adam and Eve up to and through the late Abbasid Ca ...
*
Sinan ibn Thabit
( ar, أبو سعيد سنان بن ثابت بن قرة), –943, was a medieval scholar who served as the court physician of the Abbasid caliphs al-Muqtadir (), al-Qahir (), and al-Radi ().
As the son of Thabit ibn Qurra () and the father of Ib ...
(d. 976)
*
al-Saghani
Abu Hamid Ahmed ibn Mohammed al-Saghani al-Asturlabi (meaning the astrolabe maker of Saghan, near Merv) was a Persian astronomer and historian of science. He flourished in Baghdad, where he died in 379-380 A.H/ 990 A.D.
History of science
Al-Astu ...
(d. 990) one of the earliest
historians of science
The history of science covers the development of science from ancient history, ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural science, natural, social science, social, and formal science, formal.
Sc ...
*
Ibn Miskawayh (d. 1030)
*
al-Utbi (d. 1036)
*
Hilal ibn al-Muhassin al-Sabi' (d. 1056)
*
al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (d. 1071) ''Tarikh Baghdad'' (a biographical dictionary of major Baghdadi figures)
*
Abolfazl Beyhaqi (995–1077) ''Tarikh-e Mas'oudi'' (also known as ''Tarikh-e Beyhaqi'').
*
Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1201)
*
Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yāqūt Shihāb al-Dīn ibn-ʿAbdullāh al-Rūmī al-Ḥamawī (1179–1229) ( ar, ياقوت الحموي الرومي) was a Muslim scholar of Byzantine Greek ancestry active during the late Abbasid period (12th-13th centuries). He is known for ...
(1179–1229) author of ''
Mu'jam al-Buldan'' ("The Dictionary of Countries")
*
Ibn al-Athir (1160–1231)
al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh
*
Muhammad bin Ali Rawandi (c.1204) ''Rahat al-sudur'', (a history of the Great Seljuq Empire and its break-up into minor ''beys'')
*
Zahiriddin Nasr Muhammad Aufi (d. 1242)
*
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1256)
*
Hamdollah Mostowfi
Hamdallah Mustawfi Qazvini ( fa, حمدالله مستوفى قزوینی, Ḥamdallāh Mustawfī Qazvīnī; 1281 – after 1339/40) was a Persian official, historian, geographer and poet. He lived during the last era of the Mongol Ilkhanate, a ...
(d. 1281)
*
Ibn Bibi (d. after 1281)
*
Ata-Malik Juvayni (1283)
*
Ibn al-Tiqtaqa (d. after 1302)
*
Ibn al-Fuwati (d. 1323)
*
Wassaf (d. 1323)
*
Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (d. 1398)
Jami al-Tawarikh
*
Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi (d. 1454)
*
Mirkhond
Muhammad ibn Khvandshah ibn Mahmud, more commonly known as Mirkhvand ( fa, میرخواند, also transliterated as Mirkhwand; 1433/34 – 1498), was a Persian historian active during the reign of the Timurid ruler Sultan Husayn Bayqara (). He is ...
(d. 1498)
Rauzât-us-safâ
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Med ...
,
Palestine and
Syria
*
Al-Muqaddasi (d.1000)
* Ẓāhir al-Dīn Nīshāpūrī around 1175
*
al-Musabbihi (d. 1030), ''Akhbar Misr''
*
Ibn al-Qalanisi (d. 1160)
*
Ibn Asakir (d. 1176)
*
Usamah ibn Munqidh (d. 1188)
*
Imad al-Din al-Isfahani (d. 1201)
*
Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (d. 1231)
*
Baha al-Din ibn Shaddad (d. 1235) ''al-Nawādir al-Sultaniyya wa'l-Maḥāsin al-Yūsufiyya'' (The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin)
*
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1256) ''Mir'at al-zaman'' (Mirror of the Time)
*
Ibn al-Adim (d. 1262)
*
Abu Shama Abū Shāma Shihāb al-Dīn al-Maḳdisī (10 January 1203 – 13 June 1267) was an Arab historian.
Abū Shāma was born in Damascus, where he passed his whole life save for one year in Egypt, a fortnight in Jerusalem and two pilgrimages to the � ...
(AH 599–665/AD 1203–68) full name Abū Shāma Shihāb al-Dīn al-Maqdisī
*
Ibn Khallikan
Aḥmad bin Muḥammad bin Ibrāhīm bin Abū Bakr ibn Khallikān) ( ar, أحمد بن محمد بن إبراهيم بن أبي بكر ابن خلكان; 1211 – 1282), better known as Ibn Khallikān, was a 13th century Shafi'i Islamic scholar ...
(d. 1282)
*
Ibn Abd al-Zahir (d. 1293)
*
Abu'l-Fida
Ismāʿīl b. ʿAlī b. Maḥmūd b. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar b. Shāhanshāh b. Ayyūb b. Shādī b. Marwān ( ar, إسماعيل بن علي بن محمود بن محمد بن عمر بن شاهنشاه بن أيوب بن شادي بن مروان ...
(d. 1331)
*
al-Nuwayri (d. 1332)
*
al-Mizzi (d. 1341)
*
al-Dhahabi (d. 1348)
Tarikh al-Islam al-kabir
*
Ibn Kathir (d. 1373)
al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya (The Beginning and the End)
*
Ibn al-Furat (d. 1405)
*
al-Maqrizi (d. 1442) ''al-Suluk li-ma'firat duwwal al-muluk'' (Mamluk history of Egypt)
*
Ibn Hajr al-Asqalani
Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī or ''Ibn Ḥajar'' ( ar, ابن حجر العسقلاني, full name: ''Shihābud-Dīn Abul-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Nūrud-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī al-Kināni'') (18 February 1372 – 2 Febru ...
(d. 1449)
*
al-Ayni
Abū Muḥammad Maḥmūd ibn Aḥmad ibn Mūsā Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī, often quoted simply as al-'Ayni ( ar, بدر الدين العيني, Badr al-ʿAynī; born 762 AH/1360 CE, died 855 AH/1453 CE) was a Sunni Islamic scholar of the Hanafi ...
(d. 1451)
*
Ibn Taghribirdi (d. 1470) ''Nujum al-zahira fi muluk Misr wa'l-Qahira'' (History of Egypt)
*
al-Sakhawi (d. 1497)
*
al-Suyuti (d. 1505)
History of the Caliphs
*
Mujir al-Din al-'Ulaymi (d.1522)
al-Andalus
Al-Andalus translit. ; an, al-Andalus; ast, al-Ándalus; eu, al-Andalus; ber, ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ, label= Berber, translit=Andalus; ca, al-Àndalus; gl, al-Andalus; oc, Al Andalús; pt, al-Ândalus; es, al-Ándalus () was the Mus ...
and the
Maghreb
The Maghreb (; ar, الْمَغْرِب, al-Maghrib, lit=the west), also known as the Arab Maghreb ( ar, المغرب العربي) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of North Africa and the Arab world. The region includes Algeria, ...
*
Qadi al-Nu'man
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Manṣūr ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥayyūn al-Tamīmiyy ( ar, النعمان بن محمد بن منصور بن أحمد بن حيون التميمي, generally known as al-Qāḍī al-Nu‘mān () or as ibn ...
(d. 974)
*
Ibn al-Qūṭiyya (d. 977) ''Ta'rikh iftitah al-Andalus''
*
Ibn Faradi
Abū al-Walīd ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf ibn Naṣr ibn al-Faraḍī al-Azdī al-Qurṭubī , (21 December 962 – 20 April 1013) best known as Ibn al-Faraḍī, was an Andalusian: "Abū l-Walīd ʿAbdallāh b. Muḥammad ...
(d. 1012)
*
Ibn Hazm
Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥazm ( ar, أبو محمد علي بن احمد بن سعيد بن حزم; also sometimes known as al-Andalusī aẓ-Ẓāhirī; 7 November 994 – 15 August 1064Ibn Hazm. ' (Preface). Tr ...
(d. 1063)
*
Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr (d. 1071)
*
Ibn Hayyan (d. 1075)
*
al-Udri (d. 1085)
*
Abū 'Ubayd 'Abd Allāh al-Bakrī
Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb ibn ʿAmr al-Bakrī ( ar, أبو عبيد عبد الله بن عبد العزيز بن محمد بن أيوب بن عمرو البكري), or simply al-Bakrī (c. 1040–1 ...
(d. 1094)
*
Qadi Iyad (d. 1149)
*
Mohammed al-Baydhaq (d. 1164)
*
Ibn Rushd (d. 1198)
*
Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi
*
al-Qurtubi (d. 1273)
*
Abdelaziz al-Malzuzi
Abu Faris Abdelaziz ibn Abdarrahman al-Malzuzi al-Miknasi () (born in Meknes, died 1298) is considered to be the greatest poet of the Marinid period.Eugène Guernier, Eugène Léonard Guernier, Georges Froment-Guieysse, ''L'Encyclopédie colonial ...
(d. 1298)
*
Ibn Idhari (d. 1312)
*
Ibn Battuta
Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Battutah (, ; 24 February 13041368/1369),; fully: ; Arabic: commonly known as Ibn Battuta, was a Berber Maghrebi scholar and explorer who travelled extensively in the lands of Afro-Eurasia, largely in the Muslim ...
(d. 1369))
*
Ibn al-Khatib (d. 1374)
*
Ibn Abi Zar (d. ca. 1320)
Rawd al-Qirtas
*
Ismail ibn al-Ahmar
Abū l-Walīd Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsuf Ibn al-Aḥmar () (Granada? 1324/1326 – Fes 1404/1407) was an Andalusian historian of the fourteenth century, the time of the Marinid dynasty. (d. 1406)
*
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun (; ar, أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, ; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732-808 AH) was an Arab
The Historical Muhammad', Irving M. Zeitlin, (Polity Press, 2007), p. 21; "It is, o ...
(d. 1406)
al-Muqaddimah and ''al-I'bar''
India
*
al-Bīrūnī (d. 1048) ''Kitab fi Tahqiq ma li'l-Hind'' (Researches on India),
The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
*
Minhaj-i-Siraj
Minhaj-al-Din Abu Amr Othman ibn Siraj-al-Din Muhammad Juzjani (born 1193), simply known as Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani, was a 13th-century Persian historian born in the region of Ghur.
In 1227, Juzjani migrated to Ucch then to Delhi
Del ...
(d. after 1260)
*
Amir Khusro (d. 1325)
*
Ziauddin Barani
Ziauddin Barani (1285–1358 CE) was a Muslim political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate located in present-day Northern India during Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah's reign. He was best known for composing the ''Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi'' (al ...
(d. 1357)
*
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman Medieval Indian medical historian
*
Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri (24 November 1885 – 22 October 1953)
*
Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib
Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib ( bn, মুহম্মদ আসাদুল্লাহ আল-গালিব; born 15 January 1948) is a Bangladeshi reformist Islamic scholar and former professor of Arabic at the University of Rajshahi. He ...
(15 January 1948)
The early modern historians
Turkish
Turkish may refer to:
*a Turkic language spoken by the Turks
* of or about Turkey
** Turkish language
*** Turkish alphabet
** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation
*** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey
*** Turkish communities and mi ...
:
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
*
Aşıkpaşazade (d. 1481)
*
Tursun Beg (d. after 1488)
["Tursun Beg." ]Encyclopaedia of Islam
The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published ...
. Leiden: Brill, 1960-2004.
*
İdris-i Bitlisi
Idris Bitlisi ( 18 January 1457 – 15 November 1520), sometimes spelled Idris Bidlisi, Idris-i Bitlisi, or Idris-i Bidlisi ("Idris of Bitlis"), and fully ''Mevlana Hakimeddin İdris Mevlana Hüsameddin Ali-ül Bitlisi'', was an Ottoman Kurdish ...
(d. 1520)
*
Ibn Kemal (d. 1534)
*
Matrakçı Nasuh (d. 1564)
*
Hoca Sadeddin Efendi (d. 1599)
*
Mustafa Âlî (d. 1600)
*
Mustafa Selaniki (d. 1600)
*
Katip Çelebi (d. 1647)
*
İbrahim Peçevi (d. 1650)
*
Evliya Çelebi
Derviş Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi ( ota, اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty ye ...
(d. after 1682)
*
Mustafa Naima (1655–1716) ''Ta'rīkh-i Na'īmā''
*
Silahdar Findiklili Mehmed Aga (d. 1723)
*
Ahmed Resmî Efendi (d. 1783)
*
Ahmet Cevdet Pasha
Ahmed Cevdet Pasha or Jevdet Pasha in English (22 March 1822 – 25 May 1895) was an Ottoman scholar, intellectual, bureaucrat, administrator, and historian who was a prominent figure in the Tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire. He was the h ...
(d. 1895)
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walte ...
:
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
and
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria ...
*
Ibn Iyas (d. after November 1522)
*
Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari (d. 1632)
*
Mohammed al-Ifrani (d. 1747)
*
Mohammed al-Qadiri (d. 1773)
*
Khalil al-Muradi (d. 1791)
*
Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti (d. 1825) ''Aja'ib al-athar fi'l-tarajim wa'l-akhbar''
*
Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Nasiri
Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Khalid an-Nasiri as-Slawi, (; 1834/5-1897) was born in Sla, Morocco and is considered to be the greatest Moroccan historian of the 19th century. He was a prominent scholar and a member of the family that founded the Nasi ...
(d. 1897)
Persian: Safavid Empire and Mughal India
*
Muhammad Khwandamir (d. 1534)
*
Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak (d. 1602)
Akbarnama
*
Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni (d. 1615)
*
Firishta
Firishta or Ferešte ( fa, ), full name Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah Astarabadi ( fa, مُحَمَّد قاسِم هِندو شاہ), was a Persian historian, who later settled in India and served the Deccan Sultans as their court historian. He wa ...
(d. 1620)
*
Iskandar Beg Munshi (d. 1632)
*
Nizamuddin Ahmad (d. 1621)
*
Inayat Allah Kamboh
Shaikh Inayat-Allah Kamboh (1608–1671) was a scholar, writer and historian. He was son of Mir Abdu-lla, ''Mushkin Kalam'', whose title shows him to also have been a fine writer.Shah Jahan, 1975, p 131, Henry Miers Elliot – Mogul Empire. Shaikh ...
(d. 1671)
*
Muhammad Saleh Kamboh
Muhammad Saleh Kamboh Lahori ( ur, محمد صالح کمبوہ لاہوری) was a noted calligraphist and official biographer of Emperor Shah Jahan and the teacher of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Though a widely read person, little is known of t ...
(d. c. 1675)
*
Abul Fazl Mamuri
Abul Fazl Mamuri was a historian of the Mughal Empire during Aurangzeb
Muhi al-Din Muhammad (; – 3 March 1707), commonly known as ( fa, , lit=Ornament of the Throne) and by his regnal title Alamgir ( fa, , translit=ʿĀlamgīr, lit=Co ...
(c. 1700)
*
Mirza Mehdi Khan Astarabadi (d. c. 1760)
The historians of the modern period
*
Mohammad Iqbal
Sir Muhammad Iqbal ( ur, ; 9 November 187721 April 1938), was a South Asian Muslim writer, philosopher, Quote: "In Persian, ... he published six volumes of mainly long poems between 1915 and 1936, ... more or less complete works on philoso ...
(b. 1877)
*
Joel Hayward (b. 1964)
See also
*
List of Islamic studies scholars
Notes
References
* Robinson, Chase F. (2003), Cambridge University Press, . XIV and XV ("Chase F. Robinson" in "Islamic Historiography" has mentioned the chronological list of Islamic historians.)
* Babinger, Franz. ''Geschichtsschreiber der Osmanen''. Leipzig: O. Harrassowitz, 1927.
*
Encyclopaedia of Islam
The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published ...
. Leiden: Brill, 1960-2004.
See also
*
:tr:Osmanlı tarihçileri
{{DEFAULTSORT:Historians, List Of Muslim
*
Lists of Muslims
Islam-related lists