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The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp ( fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium ( hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some
Image:Campanulate cap icon.svg, Campanulate (bell-shaped)
Image:Conical cap icon.svg, Conical
Image:Convex cap icon.svg, Convex
Image:Depressed cap icon.svg, Depressed
Image:Flat cap icon.svg, Flat
Image:Infundibuliform cap icon.svg, Infundibuliform
Image:Offset cap icon.png, Offset
Image:Ovate cap icon.svg, Ovate
Image:Umbillicate cap icon.svg, Umbilicate
Image:Umbonate cap icon.svg, Umbonate
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp ( fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium ( hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defi ...
.
Classification
Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various '' Amanita'' species and boletes. Some, such as theparasol mushroom
''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings in pas ...
, have distinct bosses or umbos and are described as '' umbonate''. An umbo is a knobby protrusion at the center of the cap. Some fungi, such as chanterelles have a funnel- or trumpet-shaped appearance. In these cases the pileus is termed ''infundibuliform''.
See also
* Lamella * StipeNotes
References
*Arora, D: "Mushrooms Demystified", Ten Speed Press, 1986. {{DEFAULTSORT:Pileus (Mycology) Fungal morphology and anatomy Mycology ja:キノコの部位#傘