The Berwick-on-Tweed Act 1836 ( 6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 103;

long title In certain jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom and other Westminster-influenced jurisdictions (such as Canada or Australia), as well as the United States and the Philippines, primary legislation has both a short title and a long title. The ...

''An Act to make temporary Provision for the Boundaries of certain Boroughs'') was an act of the

Parliament of the United Kingdom The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, and may also legislate for the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace ...

passed to remedy some defects of the

Municipal Corporations Act 1835 The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 ( 5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 76), sometimes known as the Municipal Reform Act, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed local government in the incorporated boroughs of England and Wales. The le ...

. It was also referred to as the Municipal Boundaries Bill and the Municipal Corporation (Boundaries) Act 1836.

Background

A more comprehensive amendment of the 1835 act had been introduced by the

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in the

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in the 1836

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(6 & 7 Will. 4), but the

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objected to it, and so three short bills were introduced and passed the week before

prorogation Prorogation in the Westminster system of government is the action of proroguing, or interrupting, a parliament, or the discontinuance of meetings for a given period of time, without a dissolution of parliament. The term is also used for the period ...

to deal with urgent uncontroversial changes. Besides the boundaries act (c. 103) were acts "for the better Administration of the Borough Fund in certain Boroughs" (c. 104) and "for the better Administration of Justice in certain Boroughs" (c. 105). The boundaries act was expressed as making "temporary Provision" because the government intended to bring in a broader measure later; however, the ensuing bill was rejected in 1838.

Provisions

The act as passed had six sections: * Section 1 replaced a provision of the 1835 act which annexed to a

municipal borough A municipal borough was a type of local government Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state. Local governments typically constitute a subdivision of ...

any adjacent

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. The new provision annexed only liberties which were within the municipal boundary. A consequence was that non-municipal land within a

county corporate A county corporate or corporate county was a type of subnational division used for the administration of justice in certain towns and cities in England, Wales, and Ireland. They arose when the monarch gave a borough corporation the right to appoi ...

would be transferred to the adjoining county-at-large, as when the

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was transferred from the

city of York The City of York, officially simply "York", is a Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area with City status in the United Kingdom, city status in the Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. ...

to the

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. * Section 2 reduced the municipal boundaries of

Sunderland Sunderland () is a port City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is a port at the mouth of the River Wear on the North Sea, approximately south-east of Newcastle upon Tyne. It is the most p ...

to the

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of Sunderland, the

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s of

Monkwearmouth Monkwearmouth is an area of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear in England. Monkwearmouth is located at the north side of the mouth of the River Wear. It was one of the three original settlements on the banks of the River Wear along with Bishopwearmouth ...

and Monkwearmouth Shore, and the part of the townships of

Bishopwearmouth Bishopwearmouth () is a former village and parish which now constitutes the west side of Sunderland City Centre, in the county of Tyne and Wear, England, merging with the settlement as it expanded outwards in the 18th and 19th centuries. It is ...

and Bishopwearmouth Panns within a mile of

Wearmouth Bridge Wearmouth Bridge is a through arch bridge across the River Wear in Sunderland, England. It is the final bridge over the river before its mouth with the North Sea. Original bridge The original Wearmouth Bridge was designed by Thomas Paine a ...

. The 1835 act had used the Sunderland parliamentary boundary defined in 1832, which encompassed all of Bishopwearmouth, Bishopwearmouth Panns, and Southwick. * Section 3 was a saver where a

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who had assigned

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s under the 1835 act specified places straddling the municipal boundary. * Section 4 specified that

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s for

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would not be affected by the 1835 act. * Section 5 specified that

county rate Rates are a type of property tax system in the United Kingdom, and in places with systems deriving from the British one, the proceeds of which are used to fund local government. Some other countries have taxes with a more or less comparable rol ...

s would not be affected by the 1835 act * Section 6 declared

Berwick-upon-Tweed Berwick-upon-Tweed (), sometimes known as Berwick-on-Tweed or simply Berwick, is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, south of the Anglo-Scottish border, and the northernmost town in England. The 2011 United Kingdom census recor ...

to be a county corporate. This applied for all purposes except

parliamentary election A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections ...

s, in which the Berwick-upon-Tweed constituency remained a

parliamentary borough A borough is an administrative division in various English language, English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. History ...

rather than a

county borough constituency In the United Kingdom (UK), each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one member to the House of Commons. Within the United Kingdom there are five bodies with members elected by electoral districts called "constituenc ...

Amendment and repeal

The Municipal Corporations (New Charters) Act 1877 assigned the

short title In certain jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom and other Westminster system, Westminster-influenced jurisdictions (such as Canada or Australia), as well as the United States and the Philippines, primary legislation has both a short title an ...

"The Municipal Corporation (Boundaries) Act, 1836". The

Municipal Corporations Act 1882 The Municipal Corporations Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 50) is an Act of Parliament (UK), act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that replaced existing legislation governing municipal boroughs in England and Wales, and gave the Municipal cor ...

repeal A repeal (O.F. ''rapel'', modern ''rappel'', from ''rapeler'', ''rappeler'', revoke, ''re'' and ''appeler'', appeal) is the removal or reversal of a law. There are two basic types of repeal; a repeal with a re-enactment is used to replace the law ...

ed all sections of c. 103 except that relating to Berwick, which was amended by the Statute Law Revision (No. 2) Act 1888. The

"Berwick-on-Tweed Act 1836" was given by the

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. The act was finally repealed by The Local Authorities etc. (Miscellaneous Provision) (No. 2) Order 1974, a statutory instrument made under the

Local Government Act 1972 The Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed local government in England and Wales on 1 April 1974. It was one of the most significant acts of Parliament to be passed by the Heath Gov ...

, which had made sweeping changes to local government in England and Wales.

References

Sources

* * {{Authority control 1974 disestablishments in the United Kingdom 19th century in York * History of Berwick-upon-Tweed History of Tyne and Wear Local government legislation in England and Wales Repealed United Kingdom Acts of Parliament Sunderland United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1836 Municipal Corporations Acts