Sultan Muhammad Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Ibrahim Shah ( Jawi: سلطان محمد شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان إبراهيم شاه; born Raja Muhammad bin Raja Ibrahim; 1772 – 6 January 1857) was the third

Sultan of Selangor Sultan of Selangor (سلطان سلاڠور) is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion in Selangor. The current monarch, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah ascended the t ...

. His reign lasted 31 years until his death and saw the opening of tin mines in Ampang and the separation of

Selangor Selangor ( ; ), also known by the Arabic language, Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the e ...

into five independent districts. He gave land to his family eventually causing the Klang War.

Reign

Muhammad Shah was not the son of his father's first wife, but since he was made the

heir presumptive An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir app ...

during his father's reign, Selangorean dignitaries accepted him as the next Sultan of Selangor. Sultan Muhammad Shah was not as competent in governing the state and did not have total control over local

raja Raja (; from , IAST ') is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian subcontinent, Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. T ...

s, village leaders or their districts. By the end of his rule,

had split into five individual territories, namely Bernam,

Kuala Selangor Kuala Selangor is a town in northwestern Selangor, Malaysia. It is the largest town and administrative centre of the coterminous Kuala Selangor District. Etymology The name ''Kuala Selangor'' means Estuary of the Selangor River. History ...

, Kelang, Langat and

Lukut Lukut is a suburb located to the northeast of Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. It was once part of Selangor, serving as a thriving tin mining town in the early 19th-century before being ceded to Sungai Ujong domain in 1880 to wh ...

. Each area was governed by different leaders and Muhammad Shah only controlled Kuala Selangor. Chinese settlers started mining for

tin Tin is a chemical element; it has symbol Sn () and atomic number 50. A silvery-colored metal, tin is soft enough to be cut with little force, and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, a bar of tin makes a sound, the ...

in the state during his reign. The setting up of tin mines in Ampang brought business to the people and has been recognised as his only success. His initial giving of the Klang region to Raja Sulaiman (his son from a concubine) but then later cancelling the gift and then giving it to Raja Abdullah (his son in-law) would later cause resentment between the two parties and would lead to the Klang War between Raja Abdullah and Raja Mahdi (son of Raja Sulaiman).

Family

He was the son of Sultan Ibrahim Shah by his wife, ''Cik Puan Besar'' Encik Long Halijah binti Dato' Hussain. He was the father-in-law of Abdul Samad, the 4th Sultan of Selangor who was married to Sultan Muhammad's daughter, Raja Atfah.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Muhammad Shah Of Selangor 1804 births People of Bugis descent 1857 deaths People of Malay descent Muhammad Shah 19th-century monarchs in Asia Sons of sultans