Muhammad Muhsin Mirza ("Sultan Muhammad Muhsin Bahadur Khan", also called "Kipek Mirza", or "Kebek Khan" meaning "hunchback") was a son of

Sultan Husayn Bayqara Sultan Husayn Bayqara Mirza ( ''Husayn Bāyqarā''; June/July 1438 – 4 May 1506) was the Timurid dynasty, Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in 1470. A skilled statesman, Sultan Husayn Bayqara was ...

, and a

Timurid Empire The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate, Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of co ...

Governor of Abivard from 1505 to 1507. Together with his brother Abu'l Muhsin, he rebelled against his father, and ruled in

Mashhad Mashhad ( ; ), historically also known as Mashad, Meshhed, or Meshed in English, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. ...

from 1506 to 1507. He died in 1507, killed by Uzbeks. In 1497, Muhammad Muhsin Mirza was involved in a conflict with Muzafar-Husayn, but was defeated and narrowly escaped assassination. Muhammad Muhsin Mirza is connected to the end of Timurid Herat. His father Husayn Bayqara fought against the Uzbeks and requested the support of

Babur Babur (; 14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. He was also ...

, but died in May 1506. His sons Badi' al-Zaman Mirza and

Muzaffar Husayn Mirza Muzaffar Husayn was the last Timurid sultan of Herat who ruled from 1506 to 1507, together with his brother Badi' al-Zaman Mirza. He was the son of Sultan Husayn Bayqara and Khadija Begi Agha. Badi al-Zaman, his older brother, had revolted at ...

, as joint successors, attempted to reestablish Timurid control and tried to reunite the Timurid princes. Babur came to their support in October 1506, but had to leave in December for lack of provisions, criticizing that the Timurids as "Dreamers, they moved through a dream". Still, Muhammad Muhsin Mirza and his brother Abu'l Muhsin refused to leave their fief in

, but were eventually killed by the Uzbeks in 1507. The Uzbeks under

Muhammad Shaybani Muhammad Shaybani Khan ( Chagatai and ; – 2 December 1510) was an Uzbek leader who consolidated various Uzbek tribes and laid the foundations for their ascendance in Transoxiana and the establishment of the Khanate of Bukhara. He was a Sh ...

finally captured Herat on 23 May 1507. Muhammad Muhsin Mirza is known for the commissioning of a sumptuous manuscript, a 1496 copy of ''Hasht Bihisht'' ( Topkapı Sarayı Kütüphanesi, H. 676), in which the frontispiece shows him leading a hunt.

References

{{Timurid Empire People from Herat 1507 deaths Timurid monarchs History of Herat 16th-century monarchs in Asia