''Mucronalia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of very small
parasitic
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson ha ...
sea snails,
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
gastropod mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...
s or
micromollusk
A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Eulimidae
Eulimidae is a family of very small parasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Vanikoroidea.
Description
These small parasitic snails live on (or in some cases in) the bodies of echinoderms such as sea cucumber ...
.
This genus was first described in 1860 by
Arthur Adams in his paper, "On some new genera and species of Mollusca from Japan".
These sea snails are thought to be parasitic on
ophiuroids
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomo ...
(brittle stars).
Species
Species within the genera ''Mucronalia'' include:
*''
Mucronalia bicincta''
A. Adams, 1860 (
Type taxon)
*''
Mucronalia bizonula''
Melvill, 1906
*''
Mucronalia bulimuloides''
Dall, 1927
*''
Mucronalia epibathra''
Melvill, 1906
*''
Mucronalia exilis''
A. Adams, 1862
*''
Mucronalia exquisita''
G. B. Sowerby III, 1915
*''
Mucronalia involuta''
Carpenter, 1865
*''
Mucronalia lepida''
Melvill, 1906
*''
Mucronalia mammillata''
Dall, 1927
*''
Mucronalia ophiuraphila''
Habe, 1974
*''
Mucronalia oxytenes''
Melvill, 1904
*''
Mucronalia rosea''
Pease, 1860
*''
Mucronalia trilineata''
Warén, 1980
*''
Mucronalia variabilis
''Mucronalia'' is a genus of very small parasitic sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family (biology), family Eulimidae.
This genus was first described in 1860 by Arthur Adams (zoologist), Arthur Adams ...
''
Schepman, 1913
;Taxon inquirendum:
* ''Mucronalia interrupta''
(A. Adams, 1864)
;Nomen nudum:
* ''Mucronalia tumida''
Pease MS, Tryon, 1886
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Mucronalia aethria''
Melvill, 1918: synonym of ''
Melanella aethria
''Melanella aethria'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of many species known to exist within the genus, ''Melanella''.Melvill, 1918. Warén A. (1980). Revision of the genera Thyca, ...
''
(Melvill, 1918)
* ''Mucronalia angulata''
Mandahl-Barth, 1949: synonym of ''
Scalaribalcis angulata
''Scalaribalcis'' is a monotypic genus of very small ectoparasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusk
A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but no ...
''
(Mandahl-Barth, 1949)
* ''Mucronalia birtsi''
Preston, 1904: synonym of ''
Stilifer birtsi''
(Preston, 1904)
* ''Mucronalia capillastericola''
Minichev, 1970: synonym of ''
Goodingia capillastericola
''Goodingia capillastericola'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. This species, along with '' Goodingia varicosa'' belongs in the genus ''Goodingia'' and are crinoid- parasitic.Minichev, 1970. War ...
''
(Minichev, 1970)
* ''Mucronalia cylindrica''
G. B. Sowerby III, 1900: synonym of ''
Hypermastus cylindricus''
(G. B. Sowerby III, 1900)
* ''Mucronalia eburnea''
Schepman & Nierstrasz, 1909: synonym of ''
Stilapex eburnea
''Stilapex'' is a genus of very small parasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Eulimidae.
Species
Species within the genera ''Stilapex'' include:
*'' Stilapex cookeanus'' Bartsch, 1917
*'' Stilapex ...
'' (
Schepman & Nierstrasz, 1909)
* ''Mucronalia gigas''
Kuroda & Habe, 1950: synonym of ''
Melanella teinostoma''
(A. Adams, 1854)
* ''Mucronalia gracilis''
Pease, 1867: synonym of ''
Peasistilifer gracilis
''Peasistilifer'' is a genus of parasitic sea snails, marine gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class co ...
''
(Pease, 1867)
* ''Mucronalia lactea''
A. Adams, 1864: synonym of ''
Hypermastus lacteus''
(A. Adams, 1864)
* ''Mucronalia leucophaes''
Tomlin & Schackleford, 1913: synonym of ''
Echineulima leucophaes''
(Tomlin & Shackleford, 1913)
* ''Mucronalia nidorum''
Pilsbry, 1956: synonym of ''
Sabinella troglodytes''
(Thiele, 1925)
* ''Mucronalia nitidula''
Pease, 1860: synonym of ''
Peasistilifer nitidula
''Peasistilifer'' is a genus of parasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Eulimidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Peasistilifer Warén, 1980. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.p ...
''
(Pease, 1860)
* ''Mucronalia ovata''
Pease, 1861: synonym of ''
Echineulima ovata''
(Pease, 1861)
* ''Mucronalia palmipedis''
Koehler & Vaney, 1913: synonym of ''
Apicalia palmipedis''
(Koehler & Vaney, 1913)
* ''Mucronalia philippinarum''
G. B. Sowerby III, 1900: synonym of ''
Echineulima philippinarum''
(G. B. Sowerby III, 1900)
* ''Mucronalia suava''
Dall, 1927: synonym of ''
Mucronalia mammillata''
Dall, 1927
* ''Mucronalia subula''
A. Adams, 1864: synonym of ''
Hypermastus subula''
(A. Adams, 1864)
* ''Mucronalia varicosa''
Schepman, 1909: synonym of ''
Goodingia varicosa
''Goodingia varicosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. This species, along with ''Goodingia capillastericola'', belongs in the genus ''Goodingia''.Schepman, 1909. Warén A. (1980). Revision of t ...
''
(Schepman, 1909)
* ''Mucronalia xanthias''
Watson, 1886: synonym of ''
Pelycidion xanthias''
(Watson, 1888)
References
Eulimidae
{{Eulimidae-stub