Mir Gowhar Ali Khan Siddiqi (18 March 1798 – 25 June 1854), commonly known as Mubarez-ud-Daulah was a member of the

Asaf Jahi dynasty The Asaf Jahi is a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Hyderabad State. The family came to India in the late 17th century and became employees of the Mughal Empire. They were great patrons of Indo-Persian culture, language, and literature, and the ...

Hyderabad State Hyderabad State () was a princely state in the Deccan region of south-central India with its capital at the city of Hyderabad. It is now divided into the present-day state of Telangana, the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka, and the ...

. A son of Nizam

Sikandar Jah Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III (11 November 1768 – 21 May 1829), was the 3rd Nizam of Hyderabad, India from 1803 to 1829. He was born in Chowmahalla Palace in the Khilwath, the second son of Asaf Jah II and Tahniat un-nisa Begum. Family ;Consor ...

, he was influenced by the

Wahhabi movement Wahhabism is an exonym for a Salafi revivalist movement within Sunni Islam named after the 18th-century Hanbali scholar Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to other p ...

and wanted to overthrow the

East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South A ...

and defeat his elder brother and Nizam

Nasir-ud-Daulah Mir Farqunda Ali Khan (25 April 1794 – 16 May 1857) commonly known as Nasir-ud-Daulah, was fourth Nizam of Hyderabad, a princely state of British India, from 24 May 1829 until his death in 1857. Born as Farqunda Ali Khan to Nizam Sikandar ...

. However, his plans were intercepted by Resident

James Stuart Fraser General James Stuart Fraser (1 July 1783 – 22 August 1869) was a British army officer in the Madras Army in India. He was involved in the Coorg War of 1834 and the town of Kushalnagar was for sometime named after him as Fraserpet. James was bo ...

and he was arrested by the Nizam.

Early life

Mubarez-ud-Daulah was born as Mir Gowhar Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur at

Purani Haveli Purani Haveli, also known as Masarrat Mahal palace, is a Haveli located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seve ...

Hyderabad Hyderabad is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River (India), Musi River, in the northern part of Southern India. With an average altitude of , much ...

on 18 March 1798. His father

was the third

Nizam of Hyderabad Nizam of Hyderabad was the title of the ruler of Hyderabad State ( part of the Indian state of Telangana, and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka). ''Nizam'' is a shortened form of (; ), and was the title bestowed upon Asaf Jah I wh ...

. Mubarez-ud-Daulah's mother was Chandi Begum. His elder brother was

, the seventh Nizam.

Wahhabi uprising

The

was popularised in India by

Shah Ismail Dehlvi Shah Ismail Dehlvi (26 April, 1779 – 6 May, 1831) was an Indian Islamic scholar and Salafi-oriented Sufi and theologian. He was an active member in the jihad proclaimed by Sayyid Ahmad of Raebareli with the support of Pashtun tribes agai ...

in the 18th century. Mubarez-ud-Daulah was inspired by the Wahhabi movement. He had become fiercely opposed to the presence of the

since his childhood, when upon the advice of Company officials, his father

had imprisoned him in 1815 for five years. According to Thomas Herbert Maddock, Mubarez-ud-Daulah was instrumental in spreading the Wahhabi movement in the

Deccan The Deccan is a plateau extending over an area of and occupies the majority of the Indian peninsula. It stretches from the Satpura and Vindhya Ranges in the north to the northern fringes of Tamil Nadu in the south. It is bound by the mount ...

region. Rasool Khan, the

Nawab of Kurnool Kurnool is a city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It formerly served as the capital of Andhra State (1953–1956). The city is often referred to as "The Gateway of Rayalaseema". Kurnool is also famous for Diamond hunting as diamonds can ...

was also influenced by the movement. When Mubarez-ud-Daulah came to know about it, he struck a secret deal with him. According to the deal, Rasool Khan would set up a secret arsenal to manufacture arms. In return, Mubarez-ud-Daulah would provide monetary help. In , a rumour spread that a Russian army was advancing towards India from Central Asia. It was also believed that the combined armies of Mubarez-ud-Daulah and Rasool Khan would overthrown the East India Company and defeat Nizam

. Subsequently, the

Maratha Empire The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Ma ...

would be restored and Mubarez-ud-Daulah would be appointed ''

subahdar Subahdar, also known as Nazim, was one of the designations of a governor of a Subah (province) during the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, Mamluk dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, and the Mughal era who was alternately designated as Sahib- ...

'' of Deccan by

Mohammad Shah Qajar Mohammad Shah (; born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar ''shah'' of Iran from 1834 to 1848, inheriting the throne from his grandfather, Fath-Ali Shah. From a young age, Mohammad Mirza was under the tutela ...

, the Shah of Persia.

, the then Resident of Hyderabad, discovered their plans through his network of spies. He cautioned the Nizam about the conspiracy hatched against them. Fraser believed that Mubarez-ud-Daulah was using Wahhabism as a disguise to "fulfill his personal ambitions" and to usurp his elder brother. In June 1839, the Nizam send 10,000 troops to put down the uprising. On 15 June 1839, Mubarez-ud-Daulah was arrested from his palace by Nizam's troops. Along with him, forty-six Wahhabi preachers were arrested from

. The Resident and the Nizam set up a Judicial Enquiry Commission. The commission found him guilty of conspiring with Rasool Khan to overthrow the East India Company and the Nizam. The commission also believed that he was trying to spread sedition amongst the Muslim soldiers of

Secunderabad Secunderabad () is a twin cities, twin city of Hyderabad and one of the six zones of the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Telangana. It is the headquarters of the South ...

. Subsequently, Mubarez-ud-Daulah was imprisoned at the

Golconda Fort Golconda is a fortified citadel and ruined city located on the western outskirts of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The fort was originally built by Kakatiya ruler Pratāparudra in the 11th century out of mud walls. It was ceded to the Bahmani ...

. He died as a state prisoner on 25 June 1854.

Personal life

Mubarez-ud-Daulah's full name with titles is ''Mubarez-ud-Daulah, Nawab Mir Gowhar Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur, Mubaraz Jung''. He had four sons:

References

Notes

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Mubarez-ud-Daulah Indian royalty 1798 births 1854 deaths Indian Wahhabis Ahl-i Hadith people