Mount Merbabu () is a dormant

stratovolcano A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a typically conical volcano built up by many alternating layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra. Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with ...

Central Java Central Java (, ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogya ...

province on the

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

n island of

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

. The name ''Merbabu'' could be loosely translated as 'Mountain of Ash' from the Javanese combined words; '' Meru'' means "mountain" and ''awu'' or ''abu'' means "ash". The active volcano

Mount Merapi Mount Merapi (, ) is an active stratovolcano located on the border between the province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548. It is loc ...

is directly adjacent on its southeast side, while the city of

Salatiga Salatiga () is a Cities of Indonesia, city in Central Java province, Indonesia. It covers an area of and had a population of 192,322 at the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at m ...

is located on its northern foothills. A 1,500m high broad saddle lies between Merbabu and Merapi, the site of the village of Selo, Java, and highly fertile farming land. There are two peaks; ''Syarif'' (3,119 m) and ''Kenteng Songo'' (3,145 m). Three U-shaped radial valleys extend from the Kenteng Songo summit in northwesterly, northeasterly, and southeasterly directions. Sabana merbabu Indonesia

Two known moderate eruptions occurred in 1560 and 1797. The 1797 event was rated ''2: Explosive'', on the

volcanic explosivity index The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) is a scale used to measure the size of explosive volcanic eruptions. It was devised by Christopher G. Newhall of the United States Geological Survey and Stephen Self in 1982. Volume of products, eruption c ...

. An unconfirmed eruption may have occurred in 1570. Geologically recent eruptions originated from a North Northwest-South Southeast fissure system that cut across the summit and fed the large-volume

lava Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a Natural satellite, moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a Fissure vent, fractu ...

flows from Kopeng and Kajor craters on the northern and southern flanks, respectively. Merbabu can be climbed from several routes originating from the town of Kopeng on the northeast side, and also from Selo on the southern side. A climb from Kopeng to Kenteng Songo takes between 8 and 10 hours. An area of at the mountain has been declared a

national park A national park is a nature park designated for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance. It is an area of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that is protecte ...

in 2004.Lestari Hutan Indonesia
. Retrieved 26 February 2010.

References

External links

Centre of Volcanology & Geological Hazard Mitigation, Pusat Vulkanologi & Mitigasi Bencana Geologi, Volcanological Survey of Indonesia.
{{authority control Merbabu Merbabu Merbabu, Mount Merbabu, Mount National parks of Indonesia Mount Merapi Tourist attractions in Central Java Holocene stratovolcanoes Progo basin Bengawan Solo basin Tuntang basin Serang basin

See also

References

External links