Morrison Hotel (Chicago)
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The Morrison Hotel was a
high rise A tower block, high-rise, apartment tower, residential tower, apartment block, block of flats, or office tower is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction ...
hotel A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. Facilities provided inside a hotel room may range from a modest-quality mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, a dresser, a re ...
at the corner of Madison and Clark Streets in the
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Loop community area of
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
,
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. It was designed by the architectural firm of
Holabird & Roche The architect, architectural firm now known as Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago in 1880. Over the years, the firm has changed its name several times and adapted to the architectural style then current — from Chicago school (architectu ...
and completed in 1925. The hotel was demolished in 1965 to make room for the First National Bank Building (now Chase Tower). The hotel was named for Orsemus Morrison, the first
coroner A coroner is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an inquest into the manner or cause of death. The official may also investigate or confirm the identity of an unknown person who has been found dead within th ...
in Chicago, who bought the site in 1838 and in 1860 built a three-story hotel with 21 rooms that was later destroyed in the
Great Chicago Fire The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed roughly of the city including over 17,000 structures, and left mor ...
of 1871, this was replaced by an eight-story building that opened in 1873. A third and much larger 21-floor structure was constructed in 1915 to replace that one and saw numerous expansions (including the addition of the 46-story
skyscraper A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable building having multiple floors. Most modern sources define skyscrapers as being at least or in height, though there is no universally accepted definition, other than being very tall high-rise bui ...
component) before being entirely demolished in 1965.


Location, structures, and ownership

The hotel was locatred in the
Chicago Loop The Loop is Chicago's central business district and one of the city's 77 municipally recognized Community areas in Chicago, community areas. Located at the center of downtown Chicago on the shores of Lake Michigan, it is the second-largest busi ...
located south of the main branch of the
Chicago River The Chicago River is a system of rivers and canals with a combined length of that runs through the city of Chicago, including its center (the Chicago Loop). The river is one of the reasons for Chicago's geographic importance: the related Chic ...
at the corner of Clark Street and Madison Street. The land the hotel stood on was first purchased by Orsemus Morrison in 1838. Morrison built the hotel's original structure in 1860 as a modest edifice, standing three stories and 21 rooms. The original building and all of its business records were lost to the
Great Chicago Fire The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed roughly of the city including over 17,000 structures, and left mor ...
in 1871. Two years after the first building was destroyed, a new eight-story Morrison Hotel was opened. In 1915 Harry C. Moir, who had bought the property from Morrison's nephew, replaced the hotel's structure with a 21-floor, 500-room facility designed by Marshall and Fox. This third iteration of the hotel was expanded in 1918 to 650 rooms. In 1925 a further expansion designed by the firm
Holabird & Roche The architect, architectural firm now known as Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago in 1880. Over the years, the firm has changed its name several times and adapted to the architectural style then current — from Chicago school (architectu ...
was constructed, adding a 46-story tower. The hotel had 1,800 rooms by 1931. A fourth, 21-story section was then added, bringing the number of rooms to 2,210, but was sold in 1937, becoming the Hotel Chicagoan; in the 1950s this was operated under lease by the Morrison. In 1952 a syndicate bought the Morrison and renovated it.
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"Midwestern Landmark To Vanish: Morrison Hotel In Chicago Ends Colorful History"
''
Reading Eagle The ''Reading Eagle'' is the major daily newspaper in Reading, Pennsylvania. A family-owned newspaper until the spring of 2019, its reported circulation is 37,000 (daily) and 50,000 (Sundays). It serves the Reading and Berks County region of P ...
''. November 13, 1964. p. 17.
AP
"Chicago's Morrison Hotel Being Razed; Was Mecca For Famous Entertainers"
''
The Gettysburg Times ''The Gettysburg Times'' is an American newspaper in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, owned by the Sample News Group. It is published daily, except for Sundays, Christmas Day, and New Year's Day. The ''Times'' was founded in 1902 as ''The Progress'', ...
''. May 6, 1965. p. 4.
Presidents. such Truman,
Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the 34th president of the United States, serving from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionar ...
, and Kennedy and Vice-presidents Barkley and
Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the 36th vice president under P ...
stayed at the hotel during this era. Boxer
Jack Dempsey William Harrison "Jack" Dempsey (June 24, 1895 – May 31, 1983), nicknamed Kid Blackie and The Manassa Mauler, was an American boxer who competed from 1914 to 1927, and world heavyweight champion from 1919 to 1926. One of the most iconic athl ...
was also a frequent guest, and
Gorgeous George George Raymond Wagner (March 24, 1915 – December 26, 1963) was an American professional wrestler known by his ring name Gorgeous George. In the United States, during the First Golden Age of Professional Wrestling in the 1940s–1950s, Gorgeou ...
was a daily client of the beauty parlor in the hotel. From 1932 onwards, the headquarters of the Cook County Democratic machine was on the third floor of the Morrison. At the time it was demolished in 1965, the hotel was owned by First National Bank of Chicago. The company demolished the building with initial plans to replace it with a $60 million skyscraper that would have featured a new Morrison Hotel facility. of adjacent property had been acquired by the company ahead of the demolition. Standing high, the Morrison Hotel was the first building outside of
New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
to have more than 40 floors, and for thirty years was the world's tallest hotel. At the time of its razing in 1965, it was the tallest building to have ever been demolished anywhere in the world. At the time it was demolished, it was still the tallest hotel in Chicago.


Restaurants, nightclubs, ballroom, and other venues

The same year that the second structure opened its door, John S. Wilson opened the Boston Oyster House restaurant in its basement. This restaurant would carry over into the third hotel structure, and was a long-operating and famous midwestern seafood establishment. The Terrace Casino (one of the skyscraper hotel's main nightlife venues) opened its doors in 1936 with a performance by
Sophie Tucker Sophie Tucker (born Sofia Kalish; January 13, 1886 – February 9, 1966) was a Russian-born American singer, comedian, actress, and radio personality. Known for her powerful delivery of comical and risqué songs, she was one of the most popula ...
and was an important
Big Band A big band or jazz orchestra is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. Big bands originated during the early 1910s and ...
venue; the Carousel in the Sky was the world's highest nightclub; the Jockey Club on the first floor was the site of protests by the
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an American civil rights organization formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du&nbs ...
that forced removal of its black jockey statues.


Notable events

Amid the flagpole sitting fad of the 1920s, Joe "Hold 'Em" Powers spent a world record 16 days on the hotel flagpole in 1927 (during which time he lost six teeth when wind blew him into cables). In 1931, the
Air Line Pilots Association The Air Line Pilots Association, International (ALPA) is the largest pilot union in the world, representing more than 79,000 pilots from 42 US and Canadian airlines. ALPA was founded on 27 July 1931 and is a member of the AFL-CIO and the Canadian ...
held its founding meeting in the hotel's ballroom. In June 1937, the hotel served as the location in which the ''Chicago Herald-Examiner'' kept the notorious murderer Robert Irwin sequestered while negotiating terms of his surrender to authorities in Manhattan. The Morrison Hotel would also host the second ever
NBA draft The NBA draft is the National Basketball Association's (NBA) annual event, dating back to 1947 BAA draft, 1947, in which the teams in the league can Draft (sports), draft players who declare for the draft and that are Eligibility for the NBA dr ...
via the
1948 BAA draft The 1948 BAA draft was the second annual draft of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), which later merged with the National Basketball League (NBL) to become the National Basketball Association (NBA). The draft was held on May 10, 1948, ...
(the BAA (
Basketball Association of America The Basketball Association of America (BAA) was a professional basketball league in North America, founded in 1946. Following its third season, 1948–49, the BAA merged with the National Basketball League (United States), National Basketball Lea ...
) being a predecessor of the modern-day
NBA The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada). The NBA is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Ca ...
through merger with the National Basketball League) on May 10, 1948 after previously hosting their first draft at the Leland Hotel in
Detroit Detroit ( , ) is the List of municipalities in Michigan, most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated on the bank of the Detroit River across from Windsor, Ontario. It had a population of 639,111 at the 2020 United State ...
,
Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...
., pg. 6


See also

*
List of tallest voluntarily demolished buildings Voluntary building demolition is the decision by either the landowner or a higher government body to demolish a building for any number of reasons, ranging from severe structural damage to the redevelopment of the land it sits upon. Involuntary ( ...


Notes

{{Chicago Former buildings and structures in Chicago Former skyscraper hotels Skyscraper hotels in Chicago Demolished hotels in Chicago Hotel buildings completed in 1925 1925 establishments in Illinois Buildings and structures demolished in 1965 1965 disestablishments in Illinois Cook County Democratic Party