Morgan Hebard (February 23, 1887 – December 28, 1946) was an American entomologist who specialized in

orthoptera Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – gras ...

, and assembled a collection of over 250,000 specimens.

Early life and education

Morgan Hebard was born on February 23, 1887, in

Cleveland Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–U.S. maritime border and approximately west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania st ...

, Ohio to Hannah Jeanette (née Morgan) and Charles Samuel Hebard. Due to his family's lumber businesses, they had houses in

Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia Chestnut Hill is a neighbourhood, neighborhood in the Northwest Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for the high incomes of its residents and high real estate values, as well as its private schools. G ...

Pennsylvania,

Thomasville, Georgia Thomasville is the county seat of Thomas County, Georgia, United States. The population was 18,881 in 2020. The city deems itself the "City of Roses" and holds an annual Rose Festival. The city features plantations open to the public, a histor ...

and

Pequaming, Michigan Pequaming ( ) is an unincorporated community in L'Anse Township of Baraga County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located on a narrow point of land that juts into Keweenaw Bay. Although still partially inhabited, Pequaming is one of the larg ...

, and he grew up exploring the outdoors in all three locations, as well as

Miami, Florida Miami is a East Coast of the United States, coastal city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade County in South Florida. It is the core of the Miami metropolitan area, which, with a populat ...

, which his family regularly visited. Hebard attended Asheville School in North Carolina, educated by a private tutor, before graduating from

Yale University Yale University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701, Yale is the List of Colonial Colleges, third-oldest institution of higher education in the United Stat ...

in 1910. At Yale, Hebard won prizes as a member of the gun team. At the time of his graduation, he intended to enter the family lumber business.

Career

He worked for brokers and bankers, Henry & West from 1910 to 1912 in Philadelphia. From 1910 to 1928, he was a research associate at the

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas. It was founded in 1812, by many of the leading natur ...

. For ten years after that he was the curate of entomology. Between 1938 and 1940, he was a research fellow. In 1945 and 1946, he was a benefactor of the academy. During field trips to Western Europe, Panama, Cuba, Jamaica, Columbia and the Bahamas, Hebard built a collection of 250,000 specimens, which he presented to the academy in 1945. He wrote 197 journal articles and monographs on entomological topics, either individually or jointly with his fellow entomologist, James A. G. Rehn, comprising over 5,000 pages. He described over 800 new species of orthopteroids; this included 44 new species and ten new genera of Phasmids (six new genera on his own and four as co-author with Rehn). Forty orthopteroid species and nine genera have been named after him, including: one Phasmid species, ''Ilocano hebardi'' Rehn & Rehn, 1938; three species of

Mantid Mantidae is one of the largest families in the order of praying mantises, based on the type species ''Mantis religiosa''; most genera are tropical or subtropical. Historically, this was the only family in the order, and many references still ...

s, and two genera: ''Hebardia''

Werner Werner may refer to: People * Werner (name), origin of the name and people with this name as surname and given name Fictional characters * Werner (comics), a German comic book character * Werner Von Croy, a fictional character in the ''Tomb Rai ...

, 1921 and ''Hebardiella''

, 1924; eight species of

Cockroach Cockroaches (or roaches) are insects belonging to the Order (biology), order Blattodea (Blattaria). About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. Some species are well-known Pest (organism), pests. Modern cockro ...

es, and four genera: ''Hebardina'' Bei-Bienko, 1938, ''Hebardula''

Uvarov The Uvarov family is an old Russian nobility, Russian noble family of Count, counts and nobility of the Russian Empire. Origins of the family The family descends from Mirza (name), Mirza Minchak Kasayevich, baptised Simeon, who left the Great ...

, 1939, ''Euhebardula'' Princis, 1953 (a replacement name for ''Hebardula'' Princis, 1950); and 28 species of

Orthoptera Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – gras ...

, three genera: ''Hebardiniella''

Chopard Le Petit-Fils de L.-U. Chopard & Cie S.A., commonly known as Chopard (), is a Swiss manufacturer and retailer of luxury watches, jewellery and accessories. Founded in 1860 by Louis-Ulysse Chopard in Sonvilier, Switzerland, Chopard has been owned ...

, 1932, (emendation of ''Hebardinella'' Chopard, 1932), ''Hebarditettix'' Günther, 1938 and ''Hebardacris'' Rehn, 1952. He was a member of

American Entomological Society The American Entomological Society was founded on March 1, 1859. It is the oldest continuously operating entomological society in the Western Hemisphere and one of the oldest scientific societies in the United States. Headquartered in Philadelp ...

, and for a time it's Treasurer, and was elected a Fellow of the

Entomological Society of America The Entomological Society of America (ESA) was founded in 1889 and today has more than 7,000 members, including educators, extension personnel, consultants, students, researchers, and scientists from agricultural departments, health agencies, ...

. He was an honorary member of the

Entomological Society of France Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...

, and also of the Columbian Natural Science Society.

World War I

During

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, Hebard was a Second Lieutenant for the Signal Officers Reserve Corps. He was a post supply officer and at

Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...

was acting adjutant at the Signal Corps School. He also served in Washington, D.C. at the

Military Intelligence Division The Military Intelligence Division was the military intelligence branch of the United States Army and United States Department of War from May 1917 (as the Military Intelligence Section, then Military Intelligence Branch in February 1918, then ...

Personal life

On October 16, 1913, he married Margaret Champlin Perry (née Claxton), a granddaughter of artist

John La Farge John La Farge (March 31, 1835 – November 14, 1910) was an American artist whose career spanned illustration, murals, interior design, painting, and popular books on his Asian travels and other art-related topics. La Farge made stained glass ...

(and who was also descended from

Oliver Hazard Perry Oliver Hazard Perry (August 23, 1785 – August 23, 1819) was a United States Navy officer from South Kingstown, Rhode Island. A prominent member of the Perry family naval dynasty, he was the son of Sarah Wallace Alexander and Captain Christo ...

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath: a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and Political philosophy, political philosopher.#britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Wood, 2021 Among the m ...

and

Mayflower ''Mayflower'' was an English sailing ship that transported a group of English families, known today as the Pilgrims, from England to the New World in 1620. After 10 weeks at sea, ''Mayflower'', with 102 passengers and a crew of about 30, reac ...

passenger William Brewster), and they had three children, naturalist Morgan Hebard, Jr., Charles Bradford Hebard (died February 27, 1930), and Margaret Champlin Perry, wife of Richard Wingate Lloyd (BA Princeton 1928) Beginning about 1936 he was affected by acute rheumatoid arthritis. He died in Philadelphia on December 28, 1946, and is buried at St Thomas' Cemetery in

Whitemarsh Township, Pennsylvania Whitemarsh Township is a home-rule township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. It retains its former classification of " Township" in its official name despite being a home rule municipality. The population was 19,707 at the ...

. Hebard was a convert to the Catholic faith.

References

External links