{{Short description, Monarchies existed throughout Ethiopian history This is a list of

monarchies A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, reigns as head of state for the rest of their life, or until abdication. The extent of the authority of the monarch may vary from restricted and largely symbolic (constitutio ...

Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...

that existed throughout the nation's

history History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some t ...

. It is divided into kingdoms that were subdivisions of Ethiopia, and kingdoms that were later conquered by Ethiopia. Ancient kingdoms fall into neither category.

Ancient Ethiopia

* Dʿmt Kingdom (8th century BC – 7th/5th century BC) *

Kingdom of Aksum The Kingdom of Aksum, or the Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages, based in what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, and spanning present-day Djibouti and Sudan. Emerging ...

– used title '' Nəguśä nägäśt'' ("

King of Kings King of Kings, ''Mepet mepe''; , group="n" was a ruling title employed primarily by monarchs based in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. Commonly associated with History of Iran, Iran (historically known as name of Iran, Persia ...

") like later Emperors, but traditionally called a Kingdom (Early period 5th/4th century BC – 1st century BC; Main period 1st century BC/AD – 7th century; Late Aksumite period 7th century – 9th/10th/11th/12th? century)

Medieval Ethiopia (to 1527)

*Transition from Aksumite period to

Zagwe dynasty The Zagwe dynasty () was a medieval Agaw monarchy that ruled the northern parts of Ethiopia and Eritrea. It ruled large parts of the territory from approximately 1137 to 1270 AD, when the last Zagwe King Za-Ilmaknun was killed in battle by the ...

somewhere between 9th–12th centuries. *Transition from Zagwe dynasty to Solomonic dynasty in 1270.

Vassal Kingdoms

* *

Bali Bali (English:; Balinese language, Balinese: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. East of Java and west of Lombok, the province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller o ...

(later Bale) * Damot * Dawaro *

Fatagar A medieval map of Fatagar and surrounding areas Fatagar (Amharic: ፈጠጋር) was a historical province that separated Muslim and Christian dominions in the medieval Horn of Africa. In the eleventh century it was part of the Muslim states, then ...

Gojjam Gojjam ( ''gōjjām'', originally ጐዛም ''gʷazzam'', later ጐዣም ''gʷažžām'', ጎዣም ''gōžžām'') is a historical provincial kingdom in northwestern Ethiopia, with its capital city at Debre Markos. During the 18th century, G ...

* Hadiya * Ifat * Innarya * Wag

Post-1527 Kingdoms

Independent

Adal Sultanate The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire or Barr Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling ''Adel Sultanate'', ''Adal Sultanate'') (), was a medieval Sunni Muslim empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on th ...

(until demise in 1577) *

Emirate of Harar The Emirate of Harar was a Muslim kingdom founded in 1647 when the Harari people refused to accept Imām ʿUmardīn Ādam as their ruler and broke away from the Imamate of Aussa to form their own state under `Ali ibn Da`ud. The Harar, city of Ha ...

- (independent of Aussa Imamate from 1647; ruled by the Ali dynasty, see Emirs of Harar)

Kingdoms annexed by the Ethiopian empire in the 19th century

* Kingdom of Garo or Bosha - foundation 1567 ** title: Tatu ** dynasty: Tegra`i Bushasho dynasty :See: Rulers of Bosha * Kingdom of Gera ** title: Moti :See: Rulers of the Gibe State of Gera * Kingdom of Gomma - foundation 1800 ** title Moti ** dynasty: 'Awulyani dynasty :See: Rulers of the Gibe State of Goma * Kingdom of Gumma ** title Moti :See: Rulers of the Gibe State of Guma * Kingdom of Janjero - founded before 1600 :See: Rulers of the Janjero state of Gimirra *

Kingdom of Jimma The Kingdom of Jimma () was an Oromo Muslim kingdom in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 18th century. It shared its western border with Limmu-Ennarea, its eastern border with the Sidamo Kingdom of Janjero, and was separated f ...

** title Moti :See: Rulers of the Gibe state of Jimma *

Kingdom of Kaffa The Kingdom of Kaffa was a kingdom located in what is now Ethiopia from 1390 to 1897, with its first capital at Bonga. The Gojeb River formed its northern border, beyond which lay the Gibe kingdoms; to the east the territory of the Konta and ...

- foundation 1390 old Kaffa Kingdom; 1700 for new Kaffa Empire ** title: Emperor (or Kafi Atio, last two also Atiojo) ** dynasty: Bushasho dynasty, one of the Minjo families ** rulers: *** c.1390 Minjo *** 1425 - 1460 Shongetato (also known as the Girra king) *** 1460 - 1495 Odhe/Addiotato *** 1495 - 1530 Sadi ''or'' Shaddi/Shaditato *** 1530 - 1565 Madi Gafine/Gafo ''or'' Shonge, possibly the same as Borrete *** 1565 - 1605 Bong-he ''or'' Borrete ''or'' Bongatato, said to be the son of Madi Gafo *** 1605 - 1640 Giba Nekiok ''or'' Bonge ''or'' Galo Nechocho *** 1640 - 1675 Gali Gafocho ''or'' Gali Ginok *** 1675 - 1710 Gali Ginocho ''or'' Tan Ginok *** 1710 - 1742 Gaki Gaocho ''or'' Otti Sheroch, Taki Gaok *** 1742 - 1775 Gali Gaocho ''or'' Kanechoch, Galli *** 1775 - 1795 Shagi Sherocho ''or'' Gali Keffoch, Sagi Saro *** 1795 - 1798 Beshi Ginocho ''or'' Kaye Sheroch, Beshi Gino *** 1798 - 1821 Hoti Gaocho ''or'' Beshi Sheroch, Oto *** 1821 - 1845 Gaha Nechocho ''or'' Gali Sheroch, Ganecho *** 1845 - 1854 Gawi Nechocho ''or'' Haji Ginoch, Gaul Saro *** 1854 - November 1870 Kaye Sherocho ''or'' Kamo *** November 1870 - April 1890 Gali Sherocho *** 6 April 1890 - 10 September 1897 Gaki Sherocho :Source: C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, ''Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646'' (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lvi. Amnon Orent, "Refocusing on the History of Kafa prior to 1897: A Discussion of Political Processes" in ''African Historical Studies'', Vol. 3, No. 2. (1970), p. 268. * Leqa Naqamte - foundation before 1871, ruled Welega from

Nekemte Nekemte, also spelled as Neqemte (, Amharic: ነቀምት), is a market city and separate woreda in western Ethiopia. Located in the East Welega Zone of the Oromia Region, Nekemte has a latitude and longitude of and an elevation of 2,088 mete ...

** title: Moti ** rulers: *** (until mid-1870s) Bakare *** (mid-1870s)-1889 Moroda *** 1889-1932 Kumsa Moroda (later known as Gebre Iziabiher) * Limmu-Ennarea ** ruling title: Supera :See: Rulers of the Gibe State of Limu-'Enarya; Innarya *

Kingdom of Wolaita Kingdom of Wolaita, also known as Wolaita Kingdom, was a kingdom dominated by Wolayta people in today's southern Ethiopia from 1251 until conquest of Ethiopian Empire in 1896. Some academics have claimed that Wolaita was equivalent to the Kin ...

- foundation 1250 (not under Tigre dynasty until 1600) ** ruling title: Kawo ** ruling dynasty: *** Tigre dynasty ***Mala dynasty :See: Rulers of Welayta

Other

Kingdom of Zion (consisting of Tigray, Gondar, Gojjam, and Semien) under King (''

Negus ''Negus'' is the word for "king" in the Ethiopian Semitic languages and a Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles, title which was usually bestowed upon a regional ruler by the Ethiopian Emperor, Negusa Nagast, or "king of kings," in pre-1974 Et ...

'') Mikael of Wollo 1914 - 1916

Unidentified kingdoms or chiefdoms

The following polities are unidentified kingdoms or chiefdoms, and are not mentioned in standard references: * Leqa Qellam: foundation before 1870 ** title Moti ** rulers: *** x-188? Jote Talu * Sheka - foundation 1560 ** title: Tato ** rulers *** 1670-1740 Bedi Goechi *** 1740-1780 Giba Goechi *** 1780-1782 Tuge Nechochi *** 1782-1785 Tume Afochi *** 1785-1800 Shagi Nechochi *** 1800-1805 Bedi Nechochi *** 1805-1810 Techi Nechochi *** 1810-1820 unknown *** 1820-1850 Galli Goechi *** 1850-1887 Deji Goechi *** 1887-1898 Techi Goechi