Molluginaceae
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The Molluginaceae are a
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of
flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family
Aizoaceae The Aizoaceae (), or fig-marigold family, is a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1,800 species. Several genera are commonly known as 'ice plants' or 'carpet weeds'. The Aizoaceae are also referred to a ...
. The
APG III system The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Published in 2009, it was superseded in 2016 by a f ...
of 2009 made no change in the status of the family as compared to the
APG II system The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly Molecular phylogenetics, molecular-based, list of systems of plant taxonomy, system of plant taxonomy that ...
of 2003 and the
APG system The APG system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system) of plant classification is the first version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy. Published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, it was replaced by the improved ...
of 1998, apart from a reassignment of several genera, such as the placement of '' Corrigiola'' and ''
Telephium ''Telephium'' are a genus of flowering plants in the family Molluginaceae or Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicoty ...
'' into
Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranth ...
, ''
Corbichonia ''Corbichonia'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Lophiocarpaceae. Since 2016 it is treated under monotypic family Corbichoniaceae. Species in the genus are seed-bearing, vascular, succulent In botany, succulent plants, also known ...
'' in
Lophiocarpaceae The Lophiocarpaceae are a family of flowering plants comprising mostly succulent subshrubs and herbaceous species native to tropical to southern sub-Saharan Africa to western India. It includes the genera '' Corbichonia'' and '' Lophiocarpus''.An ...
, '' Microtea'' into
Microteaceae ''Microtea'', the jumby peppers, are a genus of flowering plants in the family Microteaceae, native to the Caribbean islands, Central America, and tropical South America. Species Ten species are currently accepted. *''Microtea bahiensis'' *''M ...
and ''
Limeum ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
'' in
Limeaceae ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
, because the family was found to be widely polyphyletic in Caryophyllales. In addition ''
Macarthuria ''Macarthuria'' is a genus of dicotyledonous plants belonging to the family Macarthuriaceae, and consists of about 9 species which are endemic to Australia. Description Plants in the genus, ''Macarthuria'', are rigid or wiry herbs or subshrubs. ...
'' was found not to be related to ''
Limeum ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
'' as previously thought and thus it was placed in
Macarthuriaceae Macarthuriaceae is a family of plants in the order Caryophyllales and consists of a single genus, '' Macarthuria''. Description Macarthuriaceae are rigid or wiry, rush-like herbs or subshrubs with green stems and reduced leaves. The small flower ...
, and similarly species formerly placed in ''
Hypertelis ''Hypertelis'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Molluginaceae. Most of its former species have been transferred to the new genus ''Kewa (plant), Kewa'', and the remaining species, ''Hypertelis spergulacea'', may also ...
'', apart from
type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...
''Hypertelis spergulacea'', a true Molluginaceae, were found to belong elsewhere and were described as '' Kewa'' in the family
Kewaceae ''Kewa'' is a genus of flowering plants, consisting of eight species of succulent sub-woody plants, native to eastern and southern Africa, including Saint Helena and Madagascar. These are small shrubs or herbs that form cushions and have edible, ...
, named for the
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. An internationally important botanical research and education institution, it employs 1,100 ...
. Molluginaceae is still assigned to the order
Caryophyllales Caryophyllales ( ) is a diverse and heterogeneous order of flowering plants with well-known members including cacti, carnations, beets, quinoa, spinach, amaranths, pigfaces and ice plants, oraches and saltbushes, goosefoots, sundews, Venu ...
in the clade
core eudicots The eudicots or eudicotyledons are flowering plants that have two seed leaves (cotyledons) upon germination. The term derives from ''dicotyledon'' (etymologically, ''eu'' = true; ''di'' = two; ''cotyledon'' = seed leaf). Historically, authors h ...
, although the generic circumscription is difficult because ''
Mollugo ''Mollugo'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Molluginaceae. It comprises a few dozen species of herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants in ...
'' is not monophyletic.


Genera

Molluginaceae in its current circumscription includes ca 9 genera and ca 80 known species * ''
Adenogramma ''Adenogramma'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoac ...
'' Rchb. * '' Coelanthum'' E.Mey. ex Fenzl * '' Glinus'' L. * '' Glischrothamnus'' Pilg. * ''
Hypertelis ''Hypertelis'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Molluginaceae. Most of its former species have been transferred to the new genus ''Kewa (plant), Kewa'', and the remaining species, ''Hypertelis spergulacea'', may also ...
'' E.Mey. ex Fenzl * ''
Mollugo ''Mollugo'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Molluginaceae. It comprises a few dozen species of herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants in ...
'' L. * ''
Pharnaceum ''Pharnaceum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoaceae. The A ...
'' L. * ''
Polpoda ''Polpoda'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoaceae. ...
'' C.Presl * '' Psammotropha'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * '' Suessenguthiella'' Friedrich


Excluded genera

* ''
Corbichonia ''Corbichonia'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Lophiocarpaceae. Since 2016 it is treated under monotypic family Corbichoniaceae. Species in the genus are seed-bearing, vascular, succulent In botany, succulent plants, also known ...
'' Scop. (now correctly placed in
Lophiocarpaceae The Lophiocarpaceae are a family of flowering plants comprising mostly succulent subshrubs and herbaceous species native to tropical to southern sub-Saharan Africa to western India. It includes the genera '' Corbichonia'' and '' Lophiocarpus''.An ...
) * '' Corrigiola'' L. (now correctly placed in
Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranth ...
) * '' Kewa'' Christenh. (correctly placed in
Kewaceae ''Kewa'' is a genus of flowering plants, consisting of eight species of succulent sub-woody plants, native to eastern and southern Africa, including Saint Helena and Madagascar. These are small shrubs or herbs that form cushions and have edible, ...
) * ''
Limeum ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
'' L. (now correctly placed in
Limeaceae ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
) * ''
Macarthuria ''Macarthuria'' is a genus of dicotyledonous plants belonging to the family Macarthuriaceae, and consists of about 9 species which are endemic to Australia. Description Plants in the genus, ''Macarthuria'', are rigid or wiry herbs or subshrubs. ...
'' Hugel ex Endl. (now correctly placed in
Macarthuriaceae Macarthuriaceae is a family of plants in the order Caryophyllales and consists of a single genus, '' Macarthuria''. Description Macarthuriaceae are rigid or wiry, rush-like herbs or subshrubs with green stems and reduced leaves. The small flower ...
* '' Orygia'' Forssk. = ''
Corbichonia ''Corbichonia'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Lophiocarpaceae. Since 2016 it is treated under monotypic family Corbichoniaceae. Species in the genus are seed-bearing, vascular, succulent In botany, succulent plants, also known ...
'' Scop. (
Lophiocarpaceae The Lophiocarpaceae are a family of flowering plants comprising mostly succulent subshrubs and herbaceous species native to tropical to southern sub-Saharan Africa to western India. It includes the genera '' Corbichonia'' and '' Lophiocarpus''.An ...
) * '' Semonvillea'' J.Gay = ''
Limeum ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
'' L. (
Limeaceae ''Limeum'' is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species. The genus ''Limeum'' was traditionally recognized as belonging to the family Molluginaceae, but is now treated as the sole genus in the monotypic family Limeaceae. The family is ...
) * ''
Telephium ''Telephium'' are a genus of flowering plants in the family Molluginaceae or Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicoty ...
'' L. (now correctly placed in
Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranth ...
)


Genera listed in Tropicos

Tropicos currently includes 12 genera. Notes:


References


External links

* *
links at CSDL
{{Authority control Caryophyllales families