Mogaung ( ; ) is a town in
Kachin State
Kachin State (; Jingpho language, Kachin: ) is the northernmost administrative divisions of Myanmar, state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the sou ...
,
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...
. It is situated on the
Mandalay
Mandalay is the second-largest city in Myanmar, after Yangon. It is located on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, 631 km (392 mi) north of Yangon. In 2014, the city had a population of 1,225,553.
Mandalay was founded in 1857 by Ki ...
-
Myitkyina
Myitkyina (, ; Jingpho language, Jinghpaw: ''Myitkyina'', ; , ''Sèna'') is the capital city of Kachin State in Myanmar (Burma), located from Yangon, and from Mandalay. In Burmese language, Burmese it means "near the big river", and Myitkyina i ...
railway line.
History
Mogaung or Möng Kawng was the name and capital (royal seat) of a relatively major one of the petty
Shan (ethnic
Tai) principalities. It was ruled by a ''
saopha'' (Burmese: ''sawbwa''; Shan-prince of the highest rank), since that state was founded (according to legend in 58BC, under the ritual name Udiri Pale), interrupted by Chinese imperial occupations in 1479–1483 and 1495 and Burmese occupations in 1651–1742 and 1771–1775 until its annexation in 1796 by the
Ava-based
kingdom of Burma.
In June 1944 during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
the then heavily-defended town was the site of a
three-week battle when the 77th
Chindit
The Chindits, officially known as Long Range Penetration Groups, were special operations units of the British Army, British and British Indian Army, Indian armies which saw action in 1943–1944 during the Burma Campaign of World War II. ...
Brigade under Brigadier
Michael Calvert, later assisted by Chinese forces of Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-shek, fought-for and captured Mogaung from the occupying forces of
Imperial Japan
The Empire of Japan, also known as the Japanese Empire or Imperial Japan, was the Japanese nation state that existed from the Meiji Restoration on January 3, 1868, until the Constitution of Japan took effect on May 3, 1947. From Japan–Kor ...
. For their behaviour during the fighting two members of the
3rd/6th Gurkha Rifles, Captain
Michael Allmand, and Rifleman
Tul Bahadur Pun, were each subsequently awarded the
Victoria Cross
The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious decoration of the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom, British decorations system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British ...
, in Allmand's case, posthumously. At the time of the battle Calvert's Chindit force had been behind enemy lines for three months as part of
Operation Thursday.
Sources
WorldStatesMen – Burma/Myanmar – Shan&Karen states(which lists the last rulers)
External links
Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
"Mogaung Map — Satellite Images of Mogaung"Maplandia.com
Township capitals of Myanmar
Populated places in Kachin State
{{Kachin-geo-stub