Mitrofanov Residence () is a mansion in

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

, capital of

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...

. It was built by Dmitry D. Mitrofanov, a rich oil baron who employed Johann Edel as the architect for his residence. Construction took place between 1898 and 1902. The building was built in the French Renaissance Revival-style. Following the

March 1918 events March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. In the Northern Hemisphere, the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of March. The March equinox on the 20 or 21 m ...

, the building was used by the Baku Commune. In 1919, during the short-lived

Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (), also known as the Azerbaijan People's Republic (; ), was the first secular democratic republic in the Turkic and Muslim worlds. *Tadeusz Swietochowski. ''Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transitio ...

, the building housed the French Embassy. With the April 1920 invasion, the building was divided into apartments.

History

Oil baron Dmitry Mitrofanov employed Iohan Edel as the architect for his huge, three-storey apartment (revenue) house on owned vast plots of lands located in the Baku City Duma division. The residence was built between 1898 and 1902. It was built by Baku citizens - the Gasimov brothers. The building has a corner layout, and the overall dimensions of the main façade are 25,90 and 61,50 meters. The multi-stage development of the housing design was described on the main façade. The area is a large triangle intersected in the northwest. Despite the cut (curved) shape, the rooms are arranged in two rows on the east, and north façades and divided into separate sections. The planning of separate apartments in the form of sections was furthermore widespread in

. The interior planning is exposed to vector development, a two-mid-flight ladder located in the strategic parts is clearly and exactly marked. The rooms in each apartment are separated for their functions and have their unique forms. On the border with neighboring properties, there is a single-storey building with windows facing the yard. The apartments in two rows have a traditional glassed gallery. The gallery is supported by open-style stairwells on the west and south sides. Although the plan of the second floor repeats the features of the first, the apartments are located only on the side facing the street. The rooms are arranged in two rows and have halls for living and solemn receptions. The columnar side protrusions in the interior of the halls create a stage-like space. The indirect gallery on the second floor is divided between two apartments with a partition. The proposed architectural composition for the façade is simple and serious compared to the later works of I.V. Edel. The style is tended to be Neo-Greek. It is distinguished by the large number of characteristic horizontal sections. The façade of the building is asymmetrical, the central part is convex and noticeable, so that the pilaster side of the right corner is not visible. The façade is reinforced on the second floor with Tuscan order pilasters. There are three windows between them, decorated with pilasters, as well as classic pediments on the sides. Profiled belts pass directly over them. The rectangular shop spaces on the first floor are made of unsawn stone (rustication) masonry. The entrance to the yard is a metal grid and is along the axis of the central part. The architect managed to emphasize the importance of the central part by legally distributing the architectural composition of the facade on the first and second elements and strengthened it with a low attic. The pilaster side of the façade repeats the compositional method of the central fragment, where the architecturally designed, bracketed balconies are located in the appropriate convenient positions on the façade. The architect used a compact nomenclature of details and form elements to solve the façade composition.

Photos

Səid Rüstəmov 3 ünvanındakı yaşayış binasında fasad detalı.jpg, Səid Rüstəmov 3 ünvanındakı yaşayış binasının girişi.jpg, Yaşayış evi Detail.jpg, Yaşayış evi Details.jpg, Yaşayış evi Entrance2.jpg, Yaşayış evi Entrance1.jpg, Yaşayış evi Courtyard.jpg,

References

{{Reflist Houses in Azerbaijan Houses completed in 1902 Architecture in Azerbaijan Johann Edel buildings and structures

History

Photos

See also

References