Mithridates or Mithradates (

Old Persian Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as (I ...

𐎷𐎡𐎰𐎼𐎭𐎠𐎫 ''Miθradāta'') is the

Hellenistic In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Greek history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra VII in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the R ...

form of an

Iranian Iranian () may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Iran ** Iranian diaspora, Iranians living outside Iran ** Iranian architecture, architecture of Iran and parts of the rest of West Asia ** Iranian cuisine, cooking traditions and practic ...

theophoric name A theophoric name (from Greek: , ''theophoros'', literally "bearing or carrying a god") embeds the word equivalent of 'god' or a god's name in a person's name, reflecting something about the character of the person so named in relation to that d ...

, meaning "given by

Mithra Mithra ( ; ) is an ancient Iranian deity ('' yazata'') of covenants, light, oaths, justice, the Sun, contracts, and friendship. In addition to being the divinity of contracts, Mithra is also a judicial figure, an all-seeing protector of Truth ( ...

". Its Modern Persian form is

Mehrdad Mehrdad () is a common Persian male given name in Iran and other Persian speaking countries. Mehrdad is a Persian name for boys that means "given by sun" or "given by love". ''Mehr'' means "sun" or "love," and ''Dad'' means "given." It comes fr ...

. It may refer to:

Rulers

*Of Cius (also known as Kios) ** Mithridates of Cius (d. 363 BC) ** Mithridates II of Cius (''r.'' 337–302 BC) **Mithridates III of Cius (''r.'' c. 301 BC) (became Mithridates I of Pontus, for whom see below) *Of Pontus ** Mithridates I of Pontus (''r.'' c. 281–266 BC), originally Mithridates III of Cius and also called Mithridates I Ctistes, founder of the Kingdom of Pontus **

Mithridates II of Pontus Mithridates II (Greek: Mιθριδάτης; lived 3rd century BC), third king of Pontus and son of Ariobarzanes, whom he succeeded on the throne. Early life He was a minor when his father died, but the date of his accession cannot be determi ...

(''r.'' c. 250–220 BC) ** Mithridates III of Pontus (''r.'' c. 220–185 BC) ** Mithridates IV of Pontus (''r.'' c. 170–150 BC), full name Mithridates Philopator Philadelphus ** Mithridates V Euergetes (''r.'' c. 150–120 BC) **

Mithridates VI Eupator Mithridates or Mithradates VI Eupator (; 135–63 BC) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus in northern Anatolia from 120 to 63 BC, and one of the Roman Republic's most formidable and determined opponents. He was an effective, ambitious, and ...

(''r.'' c. 120–63 BC), also known as Mithridates the Great, after whom the

Mithridatic Wars The Mithridatic Wars were three conflicts fought by the Roman Republic against the Kingdom of Pontus and its allies between 88 and 63 BC. They are named after Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus during the course of the wars, who initiated the ho ...

, '' Mithridate (Racine)'', and several stage works are named *Of

Parthia Parthia ( ''Parθava''; ''Parθaw''; ''Pahlaw'') is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. It was conquered and subjugated by the empire of the Medes during the 7th century BC, was incorporated into the subsequent Achaemeni ...

** Mithridates I of Parthia (''r.'' 171–132 BC) also known as Mithridates I the Great **

Mithridates II of Parthia Mithridates II (also spelled Mithradates II or Mihrdad II; ''Mihrdāt'') was king of the Parthian Empire from 124 to 91 BC. Considered one of the greatest of his dynasty to ever rule, he was known as Mithridates the Great in antiquity. Mithridate ...

(''r.'' 124–88 BC) also known as Mithridates the Great ** Mithridates III of Parthia (''r.'' 87–80 BC) ** Mithridates IV of Parthia (''r.'' 57–54 BC) ** Mithridates V of Parthia (''r.'' 129–140 AD) ** Meherdates of Parthia (''r.'' 49-51 AD) successor of Vonones I *Of

Commagene Commagene () was an ancient Greco-Iranian kingdom ruled by a Hellenized branch of the Orontid dynasty, Orontids, a dynasty of Iranian peoples, Iranian origin, that had ruled over the Satrapy of Armenia. The kingdom was located in and around the ...

** Mithridates I Callinicus (''r.'' 109–70 BC) ** Mithridates II of Commagene (''r.'' 38–20 BC), full name Mithridates II Antiochus Epiphanes Philorhomaeus Philhellen Monocrites ** Mithridates III of Commagene (''r.'' 20–12 BC), full name Mithridates III Antiochus Epiphanes *Of

Media Atropatene Atropatene (; ; ), also known as Media Atropatene, was an ancient Iranian kingdom established in by the Persian satrap Atropates (). The kingdom, centered in present-day Azerbaijan region in northwestern Iran, was ruled by Atropates' descenda ...

** Mithridates I of Media Atropatene (''r.'' 67–66 BC) *Of the

Bosporus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...

** Mithridates II of the Bosporus (''r.'' 47-46 BC), also known as Mithridates of Pergamon **

Tiberius Julius Mithridates Tiberius Julius Mithridates Philogermanicus Philopatris, also known as Mithridates III of the Bosporus (fl. 41 AD, died 68 AD), was a Roman client king of the Bosporus. Ancestry Mithridates was the first son of the Roman client king Aspurgu ...

, (''r.'' 39–44/45 AD, d. 68 AD), also known as Mithridates III of the Bosporus, 1st-century Roman client king *Of

Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...

Mithridates of Armenia Mithridates of Armenia () was a Pharnavazid prince of the Kingdom of Iberia who served as a King of Armenia under the protection of the Roman Empire. Mithridates was installed by Roman emperor Tiberius, who invaded Armenia in AD 35. When the ...

(''r.'' 35–51 AD) *Of

Iberia The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, compri ...

** Mihrdat I of Iberia (''r.'' 58–106 AD) **

Mihrdat II of Iberia Mihrdat II ( ka, მირდატ II, Latinized as ''Mithridates''), of the Arsacid dynasty, was a king ('' mepe'') of Iberia (natively known as Kartli; ancient Georgia) from 249 to 265 AD. He is known exclusively from the medieval Georgian ...

(''r.'' 249–265 AD) ** Mihrdat III of Iberia (''r.'' c. 365–380 AD) ** Mihrdat IV of Iberia (''r.'' c. 409–411 AD) ** Mihrdat V of Iberia (''r.'' c. 435–447 AD) *Of

Colchis In classical antiquity and Greco-Roman geography, Colchis (; ) was an exonym for the Georgian polity of Egrisi ( ka, ეგრისი) located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, centered in present-day western Georgia. Its population, the ...

** Mithridates of Colchis ()

Other people

* Mithridates (Persian general) (d. 334 BC), son-in-law of Darius III *Mitradates, according to Herodotus a Median herdsman, who was ordered to murder the future

Cyrus the Great Cyrus II of Persia ( ; 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Achaemenid dynasty (i. The clan and dynasty) Hailing from Persis, he brought the Achaemenid dynasty to power by defeating the Media ...

by his grandfather Astyages, but who secretly raised him with his wife Cyno until the age of ten, having passed off their own stillborn child as the murdered Cyrus. * Mithridates Chrestus, prince from the Kingdom of Pontus, brother of Mithridates VI of Pontus * Flavius Mithridates, 15th-century Italian Jewish translator * Mithredath, or Mithridates, two minor Hebrew Bible figures

Other uses

* Mithridate, semi-mythical antidote named for Mithridates VI of Pontus * Mithridatism, the practice of taking repeated low doses of a poison with the intent of building immunity to it, attributed to Mithridates VI of Pontus * '' Epistula Mithridatis'', a letter allegedly written by Mithridates VI of Pontus (assigned to Sallust) * ''Mithridate'' (Racine), 1673 play by Jean Racine based on Mithridates VI of Pontus ** '' Mitridate Eupatore'', 1707 opera by Alessandro Scarlatti, based on Mithridates VI of Pontus ** '' Mitridate (Porpora)'', 1730 opera by Porpora ** '' Mitridate, re di Ponto'', 1770 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on Racine's play * ''Mithridates, de differentiis linguarum ..', a book with 22 translations of the Lord's Prayer collected by

Conrad Gessner Conrad Gessner (; ; 26 March 1516 – 13 December 1565) was a Swiss physician, naturalist, bibliographer, and philologist. Born into a poor family in Zürich, Switzerland, his father and teachers quickly realised his talents and supported him t ...

Rulers

Other people

Other uses

See also