Mission Florentino
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Mission Florentino was a
Bolivarian mission The Bolivarian missions are a series of over thirty social programs implemented under the administration of former Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez and continued by Chávez's successor, Nicolás Maduro. The programs focus on helping the most ...
organized by the government of
Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
n President,
Hugo Chávez Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; ; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician, Bolivarian Revolution, revolutionary, and Officer (armed forces), military officer who served as the 52nd president of Venezuela from 1999 until De ...
, to coordinate the populace to vote "No" in the
Venezuelan recall referendum of 2004 The Venezuelan recall referendum of 15 August 2004 was a referendum to determine whether Hugo Chávez, then President of Venezuela, should be recalled from office. The recall referendum was announced on 8 June 2004 by the National Electoral C ...
to keep him in office. The organizational centers of the Mission were named Comando Maisanta, as the ideological central headquarters (election brigades) for those who wished to keep Chávez as the President of Venezuela for the remainder of his presidential term. The mission's name was inspired from a poem by
Alberto Arvelo Torrealba Alberto Arvelo Torrealba (September 3, 1905 – March 28, 1971), was a Venezuelan lawyer, educator and folklorical poet. He was author oFlorentino y El Diablo which was set to music as a duet in the style known as ''contrapunteo''. Legacy A mun ...
entitled "Florentino y el Diablo (Florentino and the Devil)" in which a singer, Florentino, is tempted by the Devil to join him. Chávez claimed that reading the poem reminded him of the political situation in Venezuela at the time and encouraged his supporters to follow the example of Florentino fighting the Devil (those who were going to vote in favor of removing him from office). The name of the "Comandos" came from the
Caudillo A ''caudillo'' ( , ; , from Latin language, Latin , diminutive of ''caput'' "head") is a type of Personalist dictatorship, personalist leader wielding military and political power. There is no precise English translation for the term, though it ...
Pedro Pérez Delgado, great-grandfather of Chávez and nicknamed "Maisanta", who fought as a
guerrilla Guerrilla warfare is a form of unconventional warfare in which small groups of irregular military, such as rebels, Partisan (military), partisans, paramilitary personnel or armed civilians, which may include Children in the military, recruite ...
fighter against
Juan Vicente Gómez Juan Vicente Gómez Chacón (24 July 1857 – 17 December 1935) was a Venezuelan military general, politician and '' de facto'' ruler of Venezuela from 1908 until his death in 1935. He only officially served as president on three occasions d ...
for control of the country during the early years of the 20th century. In June 2004, Chávez announced that the campaign conducted by the Mission Florentino for the referendum will bear the name of "
Battle of Santa Inés The Battle of Santa Inés was a battle in Venezuela, which occurred between December 9 and 10, 1859, during the Federal War between the Federalist forces under General Ezequiel Zamora, and the troops from Conservative government under command of G ...
br>
The campaign will have the intention of reenacting the battle fought in 1859, in a town near the city of Barinas, Barinas, Barinas, in which
Ezequiel Zamora Ezequiel Zamora (; 1 February 1817 – 10 January 1860) was a Venezuelan soldier and leader of the Federalists in the Federal War ''(Guerra Federal)'' of 1859–1863. He participated in the 1846 Venezuelan peasant insurrection against the con ...
lured the government army of the west into an area where he could defeat them in a counterattac

Chávez referred to Zamora's enemies during the
Federal War The Federal War () — also known as the Great War or the 5 Year War — was a civil war in Venezuela between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party over the monopoly the Conservatives held over government positions and land ownership, an ...
as members of an
oligarchy Oligarchy (; ) is a form of government in which power rests with a small number of people. Members of this group, called oligarchs, generally hold usually hard, but sometimes soft power through nobility, fame, wealth, or education; or t ...
and, in the same way, to all of those who wished to vote against him in the Referendum.


Objectives of the Mission

The official objectives of the Mission were defined as: * Incorporate the "base" of the party to vote * Avoid electoral fraud * Consolidate reached achievements * Attract the indecisive segment of the population * Neutralize the growth of the adversary * Isolate the ''golpistas'' ("coup people", referring to those who supported the 2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt against Chávez) * Incorporate the politically excluded


Objectives and Structure of the "National Comando Maisanta"

The "National Comando Maisanta" was conformed by members directly and solely appointed by President Chávez, for the purpose of: *Establishing the guidelines of the campaign *Organizing the Mission on all Venezuelan territory *Directing and following all activities assigned to the organization *Defining the advertising and publicity of the campaign *Guaranteeing the effective operation of technology in all "Comandos" *Identifying organizational problems *Producing guidelines


Members and positions held at the time

*Chief of the "Comando":
Hugo Chávez Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; ; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician, Bolivarian Revolution, revolutionary, and Officer (armed forces), military officer who served as the 52nd president of Venezuela from 1999 until De ...
(President of Venezuela) *Logistic:
Diosdado Cabello Diosdado Cabello Rondón (born 15 April 1963Vicepresidencia de la República Bolivariana de VenezuelaDiosdado Cabello Rondón, accessed 19 April 2010) is a Venezuelan politician who currently serves as Minister of Interior, Justice and Peace s ...
(former president for a few hours between 12 and 13 April 2002 and current Governor of
Miranda State Miranda State (, ) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela and the second most populous after Zulia State. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 2,675,165 residents. It also has the greatest Human Development Index in Venezuela, according to ...
) *Organization: William Lara (former president of the Venezuelan National Assembly and member of Parliament) *Communication Strategy:
Jesse Chacón Jesse Alonso Chacón Escamillo (born 9 November 1965) is a Venezuelan politician, engineer, and former military officer. Chacón participated in the November 1992 coup attempt the second attempted coup of that year, when he took part in the occu ...
(Communication and Information Minister) *Technology: Nelson Merentes (Minister for Social Economy) *Electoral Missions: Rafael Ramírez (Minister of Energy and Oil and
PDVSA Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (acronym PDVSA, , English language, English: Petroleum of Venezuela) is the Venezuelan state-owned oil and natural gas company. It has activities in exploration, production, refining and exporting oil as well as e ...
President) *International Liaison: Samuel Moncada (historian) *Events and Image: Mari Pili Hernández (journalist) *Ideology: Willian Izarra (founder and official ideologist of MVR) *Patrols: Tania D'amelio (member of Parliament) *Liaisons: Simón Pestana (candidate for mayor of
Baruta Baruta (pop. 317,288) is a municipality within the Metropolitan District of Caracas in Venezuela. Geography Baruta is located geographically in the South-East section of the city. Its western limit is the '' Los Chaguaramos'' neighborhood ( ...
) *Secretary: Haiman El Troudi (director of Presidential Relations)


External links


Official Page of the Mission Florentino



References



{{in lang, es Bolivarian missions Propaganda in Venezuela