Mir Mohsun Navvab
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Mir-Mohsun Navvab () (1833–1918 in
Shusha Shusha (, ) or Shushi () is a city in Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Situated at an altitude of 1,400–1,800 metres (4,600–5,900 ft) in the Karabakh mountains, the city was a mountain resort in the Soviet Union, Soviet ...
, present day
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
) occupies a prominent place in the history of
Azerbaijani culture Azerbaijani culture may refer to: Regions *Culture of Azerbaijan The culture of Azerbaijan () combines a diverse and heterogeneous set of elements which developed under the influence of Iranian peoples, Iranic, Turkic peoples, Turkic and Peo ...
as the last representative of the old traditional school of science, arts and literature. Navvab was versatile person of his time. He is known as a poet, artist, music historian, astronomer, carpenter, chemist and mathematician. Navvab was born in 1833 in Shusha and spent his life in this city. His life and works reflect a period of history when Azerbaijan was on the turning point of old and new, traditional and novel trends in culture and general way of life. Although Navvab remained a traditionalist in the arts, he was a progressive person in the public life of Karabakh who did a lot for the growth of literacy, culture, and arts in
Karabakh Karabakh ( ; ) is a geographic region in southwestern Azerbaijan and eastern Armenia, extending from the highlands of the Lesser Caucasus down to the lowlands between the rivers Kura and Aras. It is divided into three regions: Highland Kara ...
. Navvab was a famous calligrapher in Shusha. He published the poems of Karabakh poets and spread them among the local population. Navvab established a second literary society in Azerbaijan called the ''Majlis-i Faramushan'' "Society of the Forgotten" and the first music society, ''Majlis-i Khanende'' "Society of Singers". Navvab wrote more than 20 books dedicated to various fields of science and arts. He is the author of the ''Vuzuh al-Argam'' "Explanation of the numbers", a significant work which offers 82
maqam Maqam, makam, maqaam or maqām (plural maqāmāt) may refer to: Musical structures * Arabic maqam, melodic modes in traditional Arabic music ** Iraqi maqam, a genre of Arabic maqam music found in Iraq * Persian maqam, a notion in Persian clas ...
s (an original improvisational classical folk music popular in Azerbaijan) and songs performed in Karabakh at that time. He also provides information about the origins of these mugams and the rules for their performance. Navvab is also the author of the book ''Tezkirey-i-Navvab'', which gives information about one hundred poets and writers of Karabakh at the time. He also authored an eyewitness account of
Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1906 The Armenian–Tatar massacres (also known as the Armenian–Tartar war, the Armenian–Muslim war, Armenian–Azerbaijani war) was the bloody inter-ethnic confrontation between Armenians and Caucasian Tatars (later known as Azerbaijanis) thro ...
titled ''Tavārīkh-i razm u shūrish-i ṭāʾifa-yi arāmana bā musalmānān-i Qafqāz'' "The chronicle of battles and riots of the Armenian people against the Muslims of the Caucasus" around 1906. He identified
Armenian nationalists Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian diaspora, Armenian communities around the ...
as the main source of trouble for both sides, nevertheless mostly blaming the
Social Democrat Hunchakian Party The Social Democrat Hunchakian Party (SDHP) (), is the oldest continuously-operating Armenian political party, founded in 1887 by a group of students in Geneva, Switzerland. It was the first socialist party to operate in the Ottoman Empire and i ...
. Navvab was also a talented artist. He illustrated his manuscripts with colorful pictures and portraits and also decorated the interiors of the buildings with various ornaments. Before the 1992 Battle of Shusha, some of these wall decorations were preserved in the house where he lived, the school where he taught, and the minarets of the Shusha's
Yukhari Govhar Agha Mosque The Yukhari Govhar Agha Mosque (), also called the Great Mosque of Govhar Agha (), is a Shia Islam, Shia Islam mosque located in the city of Shusha, Azerbaijan. History The Yukhari Govhar Agha means "The Upper Govhar Agha Mosque" in Azerbai ...
. Navvab died in 1918 in
Shusha fortress The Shusha fortress (, ) or Shushi fortress () is a fortress surrounding the historical centre of Shusha, also called Shushi. The newly conquered castle town was called "Panahabad fortress" named after Panah Ali Khan who together with Melik Shah ...
.


See also

* Gravestone of Mir Mohsun Navvab


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Navvab, Mir-Mohsun Scientists from Shusha Scientists from the Russian Empire 1833 births 1918 deaths Azerbaijani musicologists Writers from Shusha