In molecular biology mir-744 microRNA is a short
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
molecule.
MicroRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. m ...
s function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
miR-744 and cancer in mice
miR-744 plays a role in tumour development and growth in mouse cell lines. Its expression induces
cyclin B1
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CCNB1'' gene.
Function
Cyclin B1 is a regulatory protein involved in mitosis. The gene product complexes with p34 (Cdk1) to form the maturation-promoting factor (MPF) ...
expression, whilst knockdown sees a resultant decreased level of mouse cyclin B through the ''Ccnb1'' gene.
Short-term overexpression of miR-744 in mouse cell lines has been seen to enhance cell proliferation, whilst chromosomal instability and ''
in vivo
Studies that are ''in vivo'' (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and ...
'' suppression are concurrent with a prolonged expression.
TGF-β1 repression
Multiple miR-744 binding sites have been identified in the proximal
3' untranslated region
In molecular genetics, the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon. The 3′-UTR often contains regulatory regions that post-transcriptionall ...
of
transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Direct targeting of TGF-β1 by miR-744 has been identified, and transfection is seen to inhibit
endogenous
Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.
In contrast, exogenous substances and processes are those that originate from outside of an organism.
For example, ...
TGF-β1 synthesis by directing post-transcriptional regulation.
EEF1A2 repression
miR-744 directly targets translation elongation factor and known protooncogene
EEF1A2
Elongation factor 1-alpha 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EEF1A2'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes an isoform of the alpha subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex, which is responsible for the enzymatic delivery of amino ...
. mIR-744 also upregulates during
resveratrol
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-''trans''-stilbene) is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or when the plant is under attack by pathogens, such as bacteria or fungi. Sources ...
treatment of MCF7 breast cancer cells.
See also
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MicroRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. m ...
References
Further reading
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External links
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MicroRNA
MicroRNA precursor families
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