Minuscule 80 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 281 ( von Soden), known as ''Cod. T. G. Graevii'', is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (more formally '' minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing system ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus in Christianity, Jesus, as well as events relating to Christianity in the 1st century, first-century Christianit ...

, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''

Walter de Gruyter Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. History The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Be ...

'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 51. The manuscript has complex contents. It has

marginalia Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margin (typography), margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, gloss (annotation), glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminated manuscript, ...

Description

The codex contains complete text of the four

Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christianity, Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the second century Anno domino, AD the term (, from which the English word originated as a calque) came to be used also for the books in which the message w ...

s with a commentary on 309 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 23 lines per page. The initial letters are in colour. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers of at the margin, the (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. In the 15th century the Latin chapters were added. It contains ''Prolegomena'', tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel, and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel.

Text

Text-type

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main Textual criticism#New Testament, text types. ...

. Aland placed it in Category V. It is close textually to the minuscule 140. It was not examined by using the

Claremont Profile Method The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classi ...

Textual variants

In Luke 3:23-38 (''Genealogy of Jesus'') it was rewritten from a three-column text, and columns were confused, and instead of copying them vertically in proper succession, the scribe copied the genealogy as though the two columns were one, following the lines across both columns. As a result, almost everyone is made the son of the wrong father: του Ιωραμ, του Καιναν, του Ιωδη, του Εσρωμ, του Ενος (see Minuscule 109). In John 3:13 it has reading ανθρωπου ο ων εκ του ουρανου for ανθρωπου, the reading is supported only by

Uncial 0141 Uncial 0141 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), CL13 ( Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th century. Description The codex contains a verse-by-verse commentary in minuscule on the Gos ...

and Syriac Curetonian (syr^c);UBS3, p. 329

History

It once belonged to Johannes Georg Graeve (hence name of the codex) and was collated by Anthony Bynaeus in 1691 (see

minuscule 579 Minuscule 579 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), ε 376 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament Gospels, written on parchment. Using the study of ...

). Then it passed into the hands Johannes van der Hagen, who showed it to

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in 1739. It is currently housed in at the

Bibliothèque nationale de France The (; BnF) is the national library of France, located in Paris on two main sites, ''Richelieu'' and ''François-Mitterrand''. It is the national repository of all that is published in France. Some of its extensive collections, including bo ...

(Smith-Lasouëf 5), at

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

Description

Text

Text-type

Textual variants

History

See also

References

Further reading