Minuscule 569 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A ¹⁵¹ (in the Soden's numbering), is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (more formally '' minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing system ...

illuminated manuscript An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared manuscript, document where the text is decorated with flourishes such as marginalia, borders and Miniature (illuminated manuscript), miniature illustrations. Often used in the Roman Catholic Churc ...

Gospel book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels ( Greek: , ) is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazareth and the roo ...

, on parchment. It is dated by a Colophon to the year 1061. It was labelled by Scrivener as 475. The manuscript has complex contents.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four

Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christianity, Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the second century Anno domino, AD the term (, from which the English word originated as a calque) came to be used also for the books in which the message w ...

s on 358 parchment leaves measuring . The writing is in one column per page, 14 lines per page for text and 51 lines with a commentary. It contains breathings, sign of interrogative, abbreviations are frequent; the

iota adscript Iota (; uppercase Ι, lowercase ι; ) is the ninth letter of the Greek alphabet. It was derived from the Phoenician alphabet, Phoenician letter Yodh. Letters that arose from this letter include the Latin alphabet, Latin I and J, the Cyrillic � ...

occurs (e.g. article τῶι for τῷ), it has iotacistic errors; avoid hiatus (e.g. ἐγέννησε τὸν). Some

initial In a written or published work, an initial is a letter at the beginning of a word, a chapter (books), chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is ultimately derived from the Latin ''initiālis'', which means '' ...

letters are in gold or colour. It contains ornamented

canon tables Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into Chapters and verses of the Bible, chapters ...

, tables of the are placed before every Gospel, numerals of the are given at the margin, the at the top, "hypothesis" (explanatory of using of the

Eusebian Canons Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into Chapters and verses of the Bible, chapters ...

), , Prolegomena, lectionary markings,

Synaxarion Synaxarion or Synexarion (plurals Synaxaria, Synexaria; , from συνάγειν, ''synagein'', "to bring together"; cf. etymology of '' synaxis'' and ''synagogue''; Latin: ''Synaxarium'', ''Synexarium''; ; Ge'ez: ሲናክሳሪየም(ስንክ� ...

Menologion A menologium (, pl. menologia), also known by other names, is any collection of information arranged according to the days of a month, usually a set of such collections for all the months of the year. In particular, it is used for ancient Roman ...

, four

Evangelist portrait Evangelist portraits are a specific type of miniature included in ancient and mediaeval illuminated manuscript Gospel Books, and later in Bibles and other books, as well as other media. Each Gospel of the Four Evangelists, the books of Matthew, ...

s, and decorative head-pieces (in four colours). The biblical text is surrounded by a patristic commentary ( catena); in the

Gospel of Mark The Gospel of Mark is the second of the four canonical Gospels and one of the three synoptic Gospels, synoptic Gospels. It tells of the ministry of Jesus from baptism of Jesus, his baptism by John the Baptist to his death, the Burial of Jesus, ...

it is a commentary by

Victorinus of Pettau Saint Victorinus of Pettau (also Ptuj or Poetovio; Greek: Βικτωρίνος Πεταβίου; died 303 or 304) was an Early Christian ecclesiastical writer who flourished about 270, and who was martyred during the persecutions of Emperor Dioc ...

. There is additional material from Epiphanius.

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main Textual criticism#New Testament, text types. ...

with some alien readings. Aland did not place it in any

Category Category, plural categories, may refer to: General uses *Classification, the general act of allocating things to classes/categories Philosophy * Category of being * ''Categories'' (Aristotle) * Category (Kant) * Categories (Peirce) * Category ( ...

. According to the

Claremont Profile Method The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classi ...

it represents the textual M 27 group in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20.

History

The manuscript was completed on 1 November 1061, by an unknown scribe. On folio 5 recto, Eugenius, a scribe, noticed, that in 1757 the manuscript was bought from Sophronius, a monk, in exchange for a promise to erect a chapel in honour of Saint Spyridon in the monastery of Saint Paul in Bulgaria.

Ἔτει αψνξ (1757) ἀπὸ χριστοῦ τήνδε τὴν βίβλον ἐκτησάμην ἀντ’ αὐτης οἰκοδομἦσαι ὑποσχόμενος τῷ δόντι μοι αὐτὴν Σοφρονίῳ ἱερομονάχῳ παρακκλ..... ἐν τῇ κέλλῃ αὐτοῦ τῇ κατὰ τὴν ..... τοῦ ἁγίου Παύλου ἐπονόματι τοῦ θαυματόυργου Σπυρίδωνος Εὐγένιος ἱεροδίακονος ὁ Βόλγαρις

Afterwards the manuscript belonged to the

Załuski Library The Załuski Library (, ) established in Warsaw in 1747 by Józef Andrzej Załuski and his brother, Andrzej Stanisław Załuski, both Roman Catholic bishops, was a public library nationalized and renamed upon its founders' death into the Załus ...

. In 1794 the whole collection was dispatched to

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

. Since 1805 it has been held in the Imperial Public Library in Petersburg. The manuscript was examined and briefly described by

Eduard de Muralt Eduard de Muralt ( Bischofszell 1808–1895) was a Swiss-German professor of theology, librarian, and palaeographer. Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich (finished in 1832), t ...

(along with the codices

565 __NOTOC__ Year 565 ( DLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 565 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe ...

566 566 ( DLXVI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 566 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. ...

, 568,

570 __NOTOC__ Year 570 ( DLXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 570 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Euro ...

572 __NOTOC__ Year 572 ( DLXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 572 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe f ...

574 Year 574 ( DLXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 574 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming ...

, 575, and

1567 Year 1567 ( MDLXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 20 – Battle of Rio de Janeiro: Portuguese forces under the command of Estácio de Sá definitively drive the F ...

), but he did not collate any of its readings. In 1966

Kurt Treu Kurt Treu (15 September 1928 in Karja, Saare County, Estonia – 6 June 1991 in Vienna, Austria), was a German classical philologist. He was born the son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of ...

examined the manuscript more thoroughly for the needs of

textual criticism Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts (mss) or of printed books. Such texts may rang ...

. The manuscript is in the

National Library of Russia The National Library of Russia (NLR, , ''РНБ''), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked among the world's major libraries. It has the second biggest libr ...

(Gr. 72) in Saint Petersburg.

References

External links

Minuscule 569
at the ''Russian National Library'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0569 Greek New Testament minuscules 11th-century biblical manuscripts Gospel Books National Library of Russia collection

Description

Text

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links