Minuscule 235 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 456 ( Soden), known as ''Codex Havniensis 2'' is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (more formally '' minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing system ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus in Christianity, Jesus, as well as events relating to Christianity in the 1st century, first-century Christianit ...

, on paper. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1314. The manuscript has complex contents. It has

marginalia Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margin (typography), margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, gloss (annotation), glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminated manuscript, ...

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four

Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christianity, Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the second century Anno domino, AD the term (, from which the English word originated as a calque) came to be used also for the books in which the message w ...

s, on 280 paper leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 23 lines per page (size of column 15.2 by 9.5 cm), the capital letters in red. The initials at the beginning of Matthew and Mark are the same as in

Lectionary 6 Lectionary 6, designated by siglum ℓ ''6'' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). It is a Greek-Arabic diglot manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves, dated by a colophon to the year 1265. K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, ''Kurzge ...

. The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin. It contains tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin, and incipits. The words are often ill divided and the stops misplaced (as in

minuscule 80 Minuscule 80 (in the Biblical manuscript#Gregory–Aland, Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 281 (Biblical manuscript#Von Soden, von Soden), known as ''Cod. T. G. Graevii'', is a Greek language, Greek Lower case, minuscule manuscript of the New Testamen ...

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main Textual criticism#New Testament, text types. ...

. Aland placed it in Category V. According to the

Claremont Profile Method The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classi ...

it represents textual family K^x in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1 it has mixed Byzantine text. The text often agrees with D, K, 33, Philoxenian Syriac.

Hermann von Soden Baron Hermann von Soden (16 August 1852 – 15 January 1914) was a German Biblical scholar, minister, professor of divinity, and textual theorist. Life Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on August 16, 1852, Soden was educated at the University of Tübinge ...

lists it as I^s (along with codices

157 Year 157 ( CLVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Civica and Aquillus (or, less frequently, year 910 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 157 for this ye ...

245 __NOTOC__ Year 245 ( CCXLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Philippus and Titianus (or, less frequently, year 998 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination ...

291 __NOTOC__ Year 291 ( CCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Tiberianus and Dio (or, less frequently, year 1044 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomin ...

713 __NOTOC__ Year 713 ( DCCXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 713th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 713th year of the 1st millennium, the 13th year of the 8th century, and the ...

1012 Year 1012 ( MXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * April 12 – Oldřich, Duke of Bohemia, deposes his brother Jaromír, who flees to Poland. Oldřich recognises the suzerainty ...

), but Soden examined it only in the Gospel of John.R. Waltz
Minuscule 235
''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism''

History

The manuscript was written by the hand of Philothens, a monk. It was bought at Venice by Friedrich Rostgaard in 1699. It was examined by C. G. Hensler (1784) and Charles Graux (1878).

C. R. Gregory C. or c. may refer to: * Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years * Letter C, the third letter in the alphabet. * Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of man ...

saw it in 1878 and in 1891. It is currently housed at the

Det Kongelige Bibliotek The Royal Library () in Copenhagen is the national library of Denmark and the academic library of the University of Copenhagen. It is among the largest libraries in the world and the largest in the Nordic countries. In 2017, it merged with the ...

(GkS 1323, 4) at

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...

References

External links

Minuscule 235
at the ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0235 Greek New Testament minuscules Royal Library, Denmark 13th-century biblical manuscripts

Description

Text

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links