Mihail Škartov (1 February 1883 in Kavadarci – 25 June 1936 in Sofia) was a

Macedonian Bulgarian Macedonians or Macedonian Bulgarians (), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Ma ...

revolutionary, voivode of

Veles Veles may refer to: *Veles (god), a Slavic god *Veles Municipality, in North Macedonia *Veles, North Macedonia, a city, seat of the municipality, formerly called Titov Veles *Veles Bastion, Stribog Mountains on Brabant Island, Antarctica *Veles, s ...

and a member of the

Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; ; ), was a secret revolutionary society founded in the Ottoman territories in Europe, that operated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Founded in 1893 in Salonica, it initia ...

. He is considered an

Ethnic Macedonian Macedonians ( ) are a nation and a South Slavic ethnic group native to the region of Macedonia in Southeast Europe. They speak Macedonian, a South Slavic language. The large majority of Macedonians identify as Eastern Orthodox Christians, ...

North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...

.Ристовски, Блаже, уред. (2009). „''Шкартов''“. ''Македонска енциклопедија''. , книга II (М-Ш). Скопје: МАНУ. стр. 1654.Енциклопедија ВМРО, Скопје, 2015, стр. 362

Biography

Yane Sandanski and other bulgarian revolutionaries

Mihail Shkartov was born in

Kavadarci Kavadarci ( ) is a town in the Tikveš region of North Macedonia. In the heart of North Macedonia's wine country, it is home to the largest winery in Southeast Europe, named after the Tikveš plain. The town of Kavadarci is the seat of Kavadarc ...

in 1884. He graduated from the

Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki The Sts. Cyril and Methodius Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki (, ''Solunska balgarska mazhka gimnazia „Sv. sv. Kiril i Metodiy“'') was the first Bulgarian language, Bulgarian high school in Macedonia (region), Macedonia. One of th ...

. He taught in the village of Dolni Poroy, today in

Sintiki Sintiki () is a municipality in the Serres (regional unit), Serres regional unit, Central Macedonia, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Sidirokastro. The municipality has an area of 1,103.431 km2. Municipality The municipality was ...

, Demirhisar and in Kavadarci. During his time as a teacher in Kavadarci he was elected a member of the District Revolutionary Committee of TMORO in 1904. In the same year he became illegal and acted as a

komitadji Komitadji, Comitadji, or Komita (plural: Komitadjis, Comitadjis, or Komitas) ( Bulgarian, Macedonian and , , , , pl. , , ) was a collective name for members of various rebel bands ( chetas) operating in the Balkans during the final period of th ...

under the leadership of

Dobri Daskalov Dobri Daskalov (13 October 1882 – 16 June 1912) was a Bulgarian revolutionary, member and voivode of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. In today North Macedonia, he is regarded an Ethnic Macedonian.Енциклопедија В ...

, and later in the band of Jane Sandanski. He participated in the campaign against

Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

in 1908 led by Jane Sandanski in support of the

Young Turk Revolution The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908; ) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire. Revolutionaries belonging to the Internal Committee of Union and Progress, an organization of the Young Turks movement, forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II ...

. After the formation of the

People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section) The People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section) () or just People's Federative Party (PFP) () was a Bulgarian political party in the Ottoman Empire, created after the Young Turk Revolution, by members of the left-wing of the Internal Macedon ...

Shkaratov joined it. In 1911 he acted again as a

voivoda Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...

in Veleško. He was one of the main organizers of the Tikvesh Uprising in 1913. After the Balkan wars he continued the anti-Serbian struggle in this area, where he awaited the Bulgarian occupation of Serbia. After

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

he supported the

Provisional representation of the former United Internal Revolutionary Organization The Temporary representation of the former United Internal Revolutionary Organization ( Bulgarian:''Временно представителство на бившата Обединена Вътрешна Революционна Организ ...

. In 1920 he was elected head of the

Thessaloniki Thessaloniki (; ), also known as Thessalonica (), Saloniki, Salonika, or Salonica (), is the second-largest city in Greece (with slightly over one million inhabitants in its Thessaloniki metropolitan area, metropolitan area) and the capital cit ...

Revolutionary District, and was elected district

. In 1924 he was appointed

of Tikvesh County. He was one of the delegates to the Sixth Congress of the Organization in 1925. After the split in the

organization An organization or organisation (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English; American and British English spelling differences#-ise, -ize (-isation, -ization), see spelling differences) is an legal entity, entity—such as ...

in 1928, he joined the Protogerovist wing. At a meeting on July 20, 1928, Shkartov and other members of the leadership of the Protogerovist wing, decided to make an attempt to take over Ivan Ivan Mihailov's bases in

Pirin Macedonia Pirin Macedonia or Bulgarian Macedonia () (''Pirinska Makedoniya or Bulgarska Makedoniya''), which today is in southwestern Bulgaria, is the third-biggest part of the geographical region of Macedonia. This part coincides with the borders of Blag ...

, which led to heavy fratricidal conflict. In 1930 he joined IMRO (United) and was elected a member of the Central Committee. Shkartov, together with

Mihail Gerdzhikov } Mihail Gerdzhikov (; 1877–1947) was a Bulgarians, Bulgarian revolutionary and Anarchy, anarchist. Biography He was born in Plovdiv, then in the Ottoman Empire, in 1877. He studied at the French College in Plovdiv, where he received the ...

, headed the national-revolutionary wing of the organization, which opposed the pro-communist faction.Герджиков, Михаил. Михаил Герджиков: Спомени, документи, материали. София, Наука и изкуство, 1984. с. 14. In 1931, on the orders of Vancho Mihailov and a promise that his life would be spared, he withdrew from revolutionary activity. He died in

Sofia Sofia is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the western part of the country. The city is built west of the Is ...

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

1936.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shkaratov, Mihail 1884 births 1936 deaths People from Kavadarci Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United) members Bulgarian revolutionaries Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Macedonian Bulgarians Revolutionaries from the Ottoman Empire Emigrants from the Ottoman Empire to Bulgaria