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Michael David Spivak (May 25, 1940October 1, 2020) was an American
mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...
specializing in
differential geometry Differential geometry is a Mathematics, mathematical discipline that studies the geometry of smooth shapes and smooth spaces, otherwise known as smooth manifolds. It uses the techniques of Calculus, single variable calculus, vector calculus, lin ...
, an expositor of mathematics, and the founder of Publish-or-Perish Press. Spivak was the author of the five-volume ''A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry'', which won the Leroy P. Steele Prize for expository writing in 1985.


Biography

Spivak was born in
Queens, New York Queens is the largest by area of the Boroughs of New York City, five boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Queens County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. Located near the western end of Long Island, it is bordered by the ...
. He received his
Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts deg ...
(A.B.) from
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
in 1960, and in 1964 he received his Ph.D. from
Princeton University Princeton University is a private university, private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial ...
under the supervision of
John Milnor John Willard Milnor (born February 20, 1931) is an American mathematician known for his work in differential topology, algebraic K-theory and low-dimensional holomorphic dynamical systems. Milnor is a distinguished professor at Stony Brook Uni ...
, with his thesis, ''On Spaces Satisfying
Poincaré Duality In mathematics, the Poincaré duality theorem, named after Henri Poincaré, is a basic result on the structure of the homology (mathematics), homology and cohomology group (mathematics), groups of manifolds. It states that if ''M'' is an ''n''-dim ...
''. Afterwards, Spivak taught as a full-time Math Lecturer at
Brandeis University Brandeis University () is a Private university, private research university in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States. It is located within the Greater Boston area. Founded in 1948 as a nonsectarian, non-sectarian, coeducational university, Bra ...
, whilst writing '' Calculus on Manifolds: A Modern Approach to Classical Theorems of Advanced Calculus'', which was later translated into Polish, Spanish, Japanese and Russian. In 1967, he won a year-long
National Science Foundation The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is an Independent agencies of the United States government#Examples of independent agencies, independent agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that su ...
fellowship to Princeton’s
Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent scholars, including Albert Ein ...
, after which Spivak returned to Brandeis as Assistant Professor of Mathematics until 1970. In his last year as Assistant Professor, he published the first two volumes of "what would become a five-volume masterpiece with the daunting title, ''Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry''." In 1985, Spivak received the Leroy P. Steele Prize for this five-volume set. In 2004, Spivak lectured on elementary physics. Spivak's book, ''Physics for Mathematicians: Mechanics I'' (published December 6, 2010), contains the material that these lectures stemmed from and more. Spivak was also the designer of the MathTime Professional 2 fonts (which are widely used in academic publishing) and the creator of the TV series '' Science International''. Spivak was gay. He met his partner, Michael Kramer, in 1997. Spivak died on October 1, 2020.


Writing

His five-volume ''A Comprehensive Introduction to
Differential Geometry Differential geometry is a Mathematics, mathematical discipline that studies the geometry of smooth shapes and smooth spaces, otherwise known as smooth manifolds. It uses the techniques of Calculus, single variable calculus, vector calculus, lin ...
'' is among his most influential and celebrated works. The distinctive pedagogical aim of the work, as stated in its preface, was to elucidate for graduate students the often obscure relationship between classical differential geometry—geometrically intuitive but imprecise—and its modern counterpart, replete with precise but unintuitive algebraic definitions. On several occasions, most prominently in ''Volume 2'', Spivak "translates" the classical language that
Gauss Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (; ; ; 30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician, astronomer, Geodesy, geodesist, and physicist, who contributed to many fields in mathematics and science. He was director of the Göttingen Observat ...
or Riemann would be familiar with to the abstract language that a modern differential geometer might use. The Leroy P. Steele Prize was awarded to Spivak in 1985 for his authorship of the work. Spivak also authored several well-known undergraduate textbooks. Among them, his textbook ''Calculus'' takes a rigorous and theoretical approach to introductory
calculus Calculus is the mathematics, mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. Originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the ...
and includes proofs of many theorems taken on faith in most other introductory textbooks. Spivak acknowledged in the preface of the second edition that the work is arguably an introduction to
mathematical analysis Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limit (mathematics), limits, and related theories, such as Derivative, differentiation, Integral, integration, measure (mathematics), measure, infinite sequences, series ( ...
rather than a calculus textbook. Another of his well-known textbooks is '' Calculus on Manifolds,'' a concise (146 pages) but rigorous and modern treatment of
multivariable calculus Multivariable calculus (also known as multivariate calculus) is the extension of calculus in one variable to calculus with functions of several variables: the differentiation and integration of functions involving multiple variables ('' mult ...
accessible to advanced undergraduates. Spivak also wrote ''The Joy of
TeX Tex, TeX, TEX, may refer to: People and fictional characters * Tex (nickname), a list of people and fictional characters with the nickname * Tex Earnhardt (1930–2020), U.S. businessman * Joe Tex (1933–1982), stage name of American soul singer ...
: A Gourmet Guide to Typesetting with the AMS-TeX Macro Package'' and ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to Calculus''. The book ''
Morse Theory In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differenti ...
'' by Spivak's PhD advisor
John Milnor John Willard Milnor (born February 20, 1931) is an American mathematician known for his work in differential topology, algebraic K-theory and low-dimensional holomorphic dynamical systems. Milnor is a distinguished professor at Stony Brook Uni ...
was based on lecture notes by Spivak and Robert Wells (as mentioned on the cover page of the booklet).


Spivak pronouns

Spivak used a set of English gender-neutral pronouns, ''e/em/eir'', in his book ''The Joy of TeX'', which are often referred to as Spivak pronouns. Spivak stated that he did not originate these pronouns.


Bibliography

* * '' Calculus on Manifolds: A Modern Approach to Classical Theorems of Advanced Calculus'', (1965, revised 1968) * ''Calculus'', (1967, 4th ed. 2008) * ''A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry'', (1970, revised 3rd ed. 2005) * ''The Joy of TeX: A Gourmet Guide to Typesetting with the AMS-TeX Macro package'', (1990) * ''A Hitchhiker's Guide to the Calculus'', (1995) *


See also

* Stable normal bundle * Spivak pronoun


References


External links


Publish or Perish, Inc.
company owned by Spivak


Michael Spivak at Everything2.com
*
Michael D. Spivak, 1940–2020
obituary in TUGboat by Barbara Beeton * {{DEFAULTSORT:Spivak, Michael 1940 births 2020 deaths American textbook writers American male non-fiction writers 20th-century American mathematicians Differential geometers American mathematical analysts Princeton University alumni Scientists from Queens, New York Mathematicians from New York (state) American topologists Harvard University alumni LGBTQ mathematicians