Michael II Fadel (born in 1710 in

Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...

Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue ...

- died on May 17, 1795 in Dayr Harrash, Lebanon), (or Mikhail Fadil, ar, ميخائيل الثاني فاضل), was a Lebanese priest and

Maronite The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the largest ...

Archeparch of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchies of Tyre and

and 64th

Patriarch of Antioch Patriarch of Antioch is a traditional title held by the bishop of Antioch (modern-day Antakya, Turkey). As the traditional "overseer" (ἐπίσκοπος, ''episkopos'', from which the word ''bishop'' is derived) of the first gentile Christian ...

from 1793 to his death in 1795. He died at Dayr Harrash, Lebanon.

Life

Michael Fadel was born in

in 1710. Ordained

priest A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particu ...

at 21 years, from 1741 to 1753 he served the community of

Acre The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial and US customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one chain by one furlong (66 by 660 feet), which is exactly equal to 10 square chains, of a square mile, 4,840 square ...

where he erected a church. In 1754 he converted to Christianity the first member of the governing Shihab family. In 1762 Michael Fadel was appointed and consecrated

bishop A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ...

of Tyre and Patriarchal Vicar by Patriarch Tobias El Khazen, who later appointed him also bishop of Beirut in place of Joseph Estephan. After 1766, under the patriarchate of Joseph Estephan, Michael Fadel sided with the opponents to the Patriarch led by the Khazen Sheikhes, and he was one of supporters of the suspension of the Patriarch from 1779 to 1784, due to the Hindiyé's issue. Patriarch Estephan, in turn, appointed in 1768 Athanase Scenai and later in 1779 Joseph Najm (or Nujaym) in his place as bishop of Beirut. The solution of the dispute about the see of Beirut occurred only in the synod of 1786 where an agreement was found and Michael Fadel was confirmed as bishop of Beirut. Patriarch Joseph Estephan died on April 22, 1793, reconciled with Rome, but because of a pestilence the bishops could meet only in September. On September 10, 1793 Michael Fadel was elected Patriarch and choose to reside in the monastery of Dayr Harrash (in Keserwan District). Fadel send to Rome the priest George Ghanem, to obtain confirmation of the

pope The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...

of his election. However, when Ghanem arrived in Rome, Fadel had already died on May 17, 1795 at Dayr Harrash, where he was buried, before the Vatican could confirm him. However in the consistory of 27 June 1796, which confirmed the election of his successor Philip Gemayel,

Pope Pius VI Pope Pius VI ( it, Pio VI; born Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi, 25 December 171729 August 1799) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in August 1799. Pius VI condemned the French Revoluti ...

mentioned the name of Fadel on the list of the Maronite Patriarchs.books.google.it
/ref>

Notes

External links

* http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bfadelm.html, catholic-hierarchy.org * Pierre Dib, v. Maronite (Eglise), in https://archive.org/stream/dictionnairedet10pt1vaca#page/n57/mode/2up, Tome Dixième, première partie, Paris 1928, coll. 100-101. * Giuseppe Simone Assemani, https://archive.org/stream/serieschronologi00asseuoft#page/40/mode/2up, Roma 1881, p. 41. * Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, https://archive.org/stream/hierarchiacathol06eubeuoft#page/87/mode/1up, vol. 6, p. 87. {{DEFAULTSORT:Fadel, Michael 18th-century people from the Ottoman Empire 1710 births 1795 deaths Lebanese Eastern Catholic bishops Lebanese Maronites Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch 18th-century Eastern Catholic archbishops Eastern Catholic bishops in the Ottoman Empire

Life

See also

Notes

External links