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''Legend of the Red Dragon'' (''LORD'') is a text-based online
role-playing video game Role-playing video games, also known as CRPG (computer/console role-playing games), comprise a broad video game genre generally defined by a detailed story and character advancement (often through increasing characters' levels or other skills) ...
, released in 1989 by Robinson Technologies. ''LORD'' is one of the best known
door games In a bulletin board system (BBS), a door is an interface between the BBS software and an external application. The term is also used to refer to the external application, a computer program that runs outside of the main bulletin board program. Som ...
. The player's goal is to improve their skills in order to defeat the Red Dragon which has been attacking the village. The software is compatible with
DOS DOS (, ) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. The DOS family primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version, Microsoft's MS-DOS, both of which were introduced in 1981. Later compatible syste ...
,
Microsoft Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...
, and
OS/2 OS/2 is a Proprietary software, proprietary computer operating system for x86 and PowerPC based personal computers. It was created and initially developed jointly by IBM and Microsoft, under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci, ...
. The game was sold to and is currently owned by Metropolis Gameport.


History

''LORD'' was created by Seth Robinson of Robinson Technologies and is currently maintained by Michael Preslar. Robinson began to write ''LORD'' in Pascal to run on his
bulletin board system A bulletin board system (BBS), also called a computer bulletin board service (CBBS), is a computer server running list of BBS software, software that allows users to connect to the system using a terminal program. Once logged in, the user perfor ...
. As he did not have access to other door games such as ''
Trade Wars A trade war is an economic conflict often resulting from extreme protectionism, in which Sovereign state, states raise or implement tariffs or other trade barriers against each other as part of their Commercial policy, commercial policies, in re ...
'', he needed something that would occasionally bring people back to the BBS. The first version of ''LORD'' only featured the chatting and flirting systems. Over time, Robinson incorporated features that he had seen work well in other games: for example, the restricted number of turns per day, and the concept of random events. Eventually ''LORD'' became a mixture of action and romance. Initially only intended to run on his own BBS, Robinson eventually received offers from users who wanted to run it on other systems. After the first sale, word-of-mouth advertising increased its popularity. ''LORD'' was a successful game, and by 1993 many BBSs had active communities of players. Over the next few years,
MUDs A multi-user dungeon (MUD, ), also known as a multi-user dimension or multi-user domain, is a multiplayer real-time virtual world, usually text-based or storyboarded. MUDs combine elements of role-playing games, hack and slash, player versus ...
began to overtake BBS door games as the multiplayer online format of choice, and in 1998 Robinson sold the game and its sequel to Metropolis Gameport. He went on to write other small games for PC and mobile platforms. His final release of ''LORD'' was version 4.00a. Metropolis Gameport contracted Michael Preslar on January 8, 2001, to continue the game's development. The most recent version of ''LORD'' (4.08) was released in 2009 as a patch (via the DOSEMU patch archive), and was labeled as "Patch for Lord 4.07 for OS/2, dosemu, and most all other emulated environments". The latest version available on the official site is 4.07, with the full package for 4.08 being under inspection since Oct 22, 2007. According to Preslar, further updates to the ''LORD'' software were planned, including a web application and versions for
ELF An elf (: elves) is a type of humanoid supernatural being in Germanic peoples, Germanic folklore. Elves appear especially in Norse mythology, North Germanic mythology, being mentioned in the Icelandic ''Poetic Edda'' and the ''Prose Edda'' ...
-compatible Linux and Unix systems (completed but available only to beta testers), but his latest statement on the matter, in 2013, is that he no longer has a system that allows him to work on the game.


Gameplay

The premise of ''LORD'' is that a red dragon is wreaking havoc in a town where the player has recently arrived. Multiple players compete over a period of weeks to advance their skills and to kill the dragon. In order to achieve this goal, players must face combat to gain experience. Once they have gained enough experience, they must face their master at Turgon's Warrior Training and advance in skill level. Advancement increases the players fighting stats and gives an additional skill point in the current skill (up to 40). Advancement also presents stronger enemies and masters; a player must challenge and defeat master Turgon himself to reach level 12, the final level, before attempting to search for and slay the dragon. As a BBS game, ''LORD'' uses a text-only interface. Later versions of ''LORD'' also gave the option of using RIP (Remote Imaging Protocol) graphics, which required the use of a RIP client to view. Players select a
character class In tabletop games and video games, a character class is an occupation, profession, or role assigned to a game character to highlight and differentiate their capabilities and specializations. In role-playing games (RPGs), character classes ag ...
, choosing from among ''Death Knight Skills'', ''Mystical Skills'', and ''Thieving Skills''. While a player is training in a particular skill, s/he is subject to random events in the woods for that particular skill, which provide opportunities for advancement. Eventually, players may master all three skills. Players can take a certain number of actions every day. Actions could be to fight monsters in the forest, attack other players or to attempt to slay the red dragon itself. In addition, every day a player can send a "flirt" to another player character which may range from a shy wink, to sex, to a marriage proposal. Sometimes this can be done more than once a day. Sex may result in contracting sexually transmitted diseases, and female characters might become pregnant. While a player is looking for forest monsters a number of random forest events can occur; these involve simple events such as finding gold or gems as well as interactions with a number of
non-player character A non-player character (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster (or referee) rather than by a ...
s such as Olivia, men/maidens in distress, the old hag, and the old man, and the opportunity to advance in your skill if they pass the test. This is also where a player encounters flowers in the fairy garden and meets up with a group of fairies bathing. There are three
non-player character A non-player character (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster (or referee) rather than by a ...
s located at the Inn: Seth Able the
bard In Celtic cultures, a bard is an oral repository and professional story teller, verse-maker, music composer, oral historian and genealogist, employed by a patron (such as a monarch or chieftain) to commemorate one or more of the patron's a ...
, Violet the
barmaid A bartender (also known as a barkeep or barman or barmaid or a mixologist) is a person who formulates and serves alcoholic or soft drink beverages behind the bar, usually in a licensed establishment as well as in restaurants and nightclubs, b ...
, and the unnamed Bartender. Seth Able the bard will sing a song for a player. Once a day, players can listen to Seth's song and receive a bonus, such as the doubling of one's bank account, or additional forest or player vs. player fight opportunities. The Bartender provides services and information to any warrior who can pay him in gold or gems, but provides nothing for free. Male players can also flirt with Violet, and female players with Seth Able (named after Robinson), in a fashion similar to flirting with other players. Success is based on the player's charm points. A marriage to Violet or Seth may last one day or two months or more; unlike player-player marriages, the software may terminate these bonds at any time. During marriage, offspring are possible for male players, and more likely for female players. Offspring bring sometimes surprising benefits to warriors. ''LORD'' allows many players to play simultaneously, in BBSs that support it. This allows real-time player-versus-player battles. ''LORD'' features several in-game message boards, as well as a limited
electronic mail Electronic mail (usually shortened to email; alternatively hyphenated e-mail) is a method of transmitting and receiving Digital media, digital messages using electronics, electronic devices over a computer network. It was conceived in the ...
system, which allow players to converse. Players may use the mail system to send flirtations to other players of the opposite sex, propose trysts, or marriage. The registration system let all players play until level six, then it wouldn't allow players to get past to level 7 until the program was registered. Users often sent in funds for that very purpose. Some players even registered their own copy of LORD for local use so they could practice skills and test strategies.


IGMs

In-Game Modules (IGMs) are small
software extensions In computing, a plug-in (also spelled plugin) or add-in (also addin, add-on, or addon) is a software component that extends the functionality of an existing software system without requiring the system to be re-built. A plug-in feature is one ...
written by third-party developers that add functionality to ''LORD''. A number of these were created and widely distributed. IGM software was first developed on the
Amiga Amiga is a family of personal computers produced by Commodore International, Commodore from 1985 until the company's bankruptcy in 1994, with production by others afterward. The original model is one of a number of mid-1980s computers with 16-b ...
, and then ported to
MS-DOS MS-DOS ( ; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System, also known as Microsoft DOS) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft. Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and a few op ...
. Some IGMs were written to allow a "cheating" style of game play, and others have presented bugs or loopholes to be exploited by players. The current maintainer of the ''LORD'' software has introduced a scripting language called ''Lady'' in order to allow smoother development of game extensions.


Wizardstone

Wizardstone was planned to be a major IGM; the author was so enthusiastic about it that he convinced Robinson to advertise it by mentioning its two main characters in a forest event within the game itself. The IGM had a number of features that Robinson was impressed with, most notably its blackjack game. Though the IGM Wizardstone was never released it is nonetheless important to the history of the game, being the only IGM mentioned in the game itself, the inspiration for the "Olivia" forest event character, and the source of the Blackjack event.whatsnew.txt from version 4.0 zip file
L.O.R.D. game files
/ref> The IGM was supposed to contain an ending to Olivia's story, as stated in the game. There was once talk of adding an ending to Olivia's story to the game, but nothing ever came of it.


Reception

The game sold only seven copies in its debut year, but
word of mouth Word of mouth is the passing of information from person to person using oral communication, which could be as simple as telling someone the time of day. Storytelling is a common form of word-of-mouth communication where one person tells others a ...
drove sales to 30,000 units over the next seven years of release. In
Gamasutra ''Game Developer'' (known as ''Gamasutra'' until 2021) is a website created in 1997 that focuses on aspects of video game development. It is owned and operated by Informa TechTarget and acted as the online sister publication to the print maga ...
's essay on the history of computer
role-playing video game Role-playing video games, also known as CRPG (computer/console role-playing games), comprise a broad video game genre generally defined by a detailed story and character advancement (often through increasing characters' levels or other skills) ...
s, ''LORD'' was considered to be a highly playable and memorable game, with colorful text and humor. '' The Escapist'' magazine highlighted the way ''LORD'' handled sexuality, which became more mature as Robinson developed the game over the years.


Ports and sequels

Robinson developed an official sequel, ''Legend of the Red Dragon II: New World'', in 1992. It featured real-time multiplayer gameplay, with ANSI art graphics, in a
Roguelike Roguelike (or rogue-like) is a style of role-playing game traditionally characterized by a dungeon crawl through procedurally generated levels, turn-based gameplay, grid-based movement, and permanent death of the player character. Most ro ...
top-down view. ''LORD II'''s final release came in 1998, before its sale to Metropolis Gameport. The first ''LORD'' spin-off, ''Tournament LORD'', was written by Robinson. It was a multiplayer version designed for the MBBS/Worldgroup BBS systems. The second port was ''Wildcat Tournament Legend of the Red Dragon'' (WT-LORD), a multi-player version created for
Wildcat! BBS Wildcat! BBS is a bulletin board system server application that Mustang Software developed in 1986 for MS-DOS, and later ported to Microsoft Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphica ...
systems, written by Joseph Marcelletti and Allan Benjamin. Robinson was impressed with this port and used some of its features in the next version of TLORD. It was maintained by IceRage Technologies but is now freeware and no longer developed or supported.


''Legend of the Green Dragon''

''Legend of the Green Dragon'' is a Web-based variation with major differences in game play. Despite the similarity in name, it is an entirely different game that is not written or authorized by the author or the current owners of ''Legend of the Red Dragon''. ''Legend of the Green Dragon'' (also referred to as ''LotGD'') is an open-source game that allows any Web developer to customize and create their own version of the game using the PHP language.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Legend Of The Red Dragon 1989 video games Door games DOS games Massively multiplayer online role-playing games OS/2 games Robinson Technologies games Video games about dragons Video games developed in Japan Windows games