''Mesoclemmys'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of South American

turtle Turtles are reptiles of the order (biology), order Testudines, characterized by a special turtle shell, shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Crypt ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Chelidae Chelidae is one of three living families of the turtle suborder Pleurodira, and are commonly called Austro-South American side-neck turtles. The family is distributed in Australia, New Guinea, parts of Indonesia, and throughout most of South Amer ...

Species

Species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

include: * '' Mesoclemmys dahli'' ( Zangerl & Medem, 1958) – Dahl's toad-headed turtleZangerl, R.; Medem, F. (1958). "A New Species of Chelid Turtle, ''Phrynops'' (''Batrachemys'') ''dahli'', from Colombia". ''Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College'' 119: 375–390 * '' Mesoclemmys gibba'' ( Schweigger, 1812) – Gibba turtleSchweigger, A.F. (1812). "''Prodromus Monographia Cheloniorum auctore Schweigger'' ". ''Königsberger Archiv Naturwissenschaft und Mathematik'' 1: 271–368, 406–462. (in Latin). * '' Mesoclemmys heliostemma'' ( McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Lamar, 2001) * '' Mesoclemmys jurutiensis'' Cunha, Sampaio, Carneiro &

Vogt An , sometimes simply advocate, (German, ), or (French, ), was a type of medieval office holder, particularly important in the Holy Roman Empire, who was delegated some of the powers and functions of a major feudal lord, or for an institutio ...

, 2021 * ''

Mesoclemmys nasuta ''Mesoclemmys nasuta'' is a species of turtle that lives in Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Brazil and the Guyanas (north-eastern South America). A study found that this Durophagy, durophagous species (feeding on hard-shelled animals) had the highest b ...

'' (Schweigger, 1812) * '' Mesoclemmys perplexa'' Bour & Zaher, 2005Bour, Roger; Zaher, Hussam (2005). "A new species of ''Mesoclemmys'', from the open formations of northeastern Brazil (Chelonii, Chelidae)". ''Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia'' 45: 295–311. * '' Mesoclemmys raniceps'' (

Gray Grey (more frequent in British English) or gray (more frequent in American English) is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning that it has no chroma. It is the color of a cloud-covered s ...

, 1856) – Amazon toad-headed turtleGray, John Edward (1856) ��1855” ''Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Testudinata (Tortoises)''. London: Trustees of the British Museum. (Taylor and Francis, printers). 79 pp. + Plates I–XLII. ublished March 1856 * '' Mesoclemmys sabiniparaensis'' Cunha, Sampaio, Carneiro, Vogt, Mittermeier, Rhodin & Andrade, 2022 * '' Mesoclemmys tuberculata'' ( Luederwaldt, 1926) – Tuberculate toad-headed turtleLuederwaldt, Hermann (1926). "''Os chelonios brasileiros'' ". ''Revista Museo Paulista'' 14: 403–470. (in Portuguese). * '' Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei'' (Bour, 1973) – Vanderhaege's toad-headed turtleBour, Roger (1973). "''Contribution à la connaissance de ''Phrynops nasutus'' (Schweigger: 1812) et ''Phrynops tuberculatus'' (Luederwaldt: 1926). Description d’une nouvelle sous-espèce originaire du Paraguay, ''Phrynops tuberculatus vanderhaegei'' (Testudinata – Pleurodira – Chelidae)''". ''Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France'' 98 (1): 175–190. (in French). * '' Mesoclemmys zuliae'' ( Pritchard & Trebbau, 1984) – Zulia toad-headed turtlePritchard, Peter C.H.; Trebbau, Pedro (1984). '' The Turtles of Venezuela''. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Contributions in Herpetology No. 2. 403 pp. * †'' Mesoclemmys vanegasorum'' ( Cadena et al., 2020) – La Victoria Formation,

Laventan The Laventan () age is a period of geologic time (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) within the Middle Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Colloncuran and precedes the Mayoan age. ...

Colombia ''

Nota bene ( ; plural: ) is the Latin language, Latin phrase meaning ''note well''. In manuscripts, ''nota bene'' is abbreviated in upper-case as NB and N.B., and in lower-case as n.b. and nb; the editorial usages of ''nota bene'' and ''notate bene'' fi ...

'': A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Mesoclemmys''.

References

Turtle genera Taxa named by John Edward Gray {{Turtle-stub