Mervin Verbit
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Mervin Feldman Verbit (born November 24, 1936) is an American sociologist whose work focuses on
sociology of religion Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology. This objective investigation may include the use both of Quantitative research, quantit ...
,
American Jews American Jews (; ) or Jewish Americans are American citizens who are Jewish, whether by culture, ethnicity, or religion. According to a 2020 poll conducted by Pew Research, approximately two thirds of American Jews identify as Ashkenazi, 3% id ...
and the American Jewish community. He is currently the chair of the Sociology Department at
Touro College Touro University is a private Jewish university system headquartered in New York City, with branches throughout the United States as well as one each in Germany, Israel and Russia. It was founded by Bernard Lander in 1971 and named for Isaac a ...
.


Academic background

Verbit was born in Philadelphia in 1936. He graduated from the
University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of f ...
where he received his B.A. and M.A. Verbit received his Ph.D. from
Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
. His dissertation studied the religious attitudes of Jewish college students. Verbit was a full-time professor of sociology at
Brooklyn College Brooklyn College is a public university in Brooklyn in New York City, United States. It is part of the City University of New York system and enrolls nearly 14,000 students on a campus in the Midwood and Flatbush sections of Brooklyn as of fall ...
and has been
visiting professor In academia, a visiting scholar, visiting scientist, visiting researcher, visiting fellow, visiting lecturer, or visiting professor is a scholar from an institution who visits a host university to teach, lecture, or perform research on a topic fo ...
at several institutions, among them
Bar Ilan University Bar-Ilan University (BIU, , ''Universitat Bar-Ilan'') is a public research university in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is Israel's second-largest academic university institution. It has 20,000 ...
,
Hebrew University The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI; ) is an Israeli public research university based in Jerusalem. Co-founded by Albert Einstein and Chaim Weizmann in July 1918, the public university officially opened on 1 April 1925. It is the second-ol ...
,
Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv University (TAU) is a Public university, public research university in Tel Aviv, Israel. With over 30,000 students, it is the largest university in the country. Located in northwest Tel Aviv, the university is the center of teaching and ...
,
Yeshiva University Yeshiva University is a Private university, private Modern Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Jewish university with four campuses in New York City.
, and Jewish Theological Seminary. Verbit was appointed deputy chair of Touro College's Sociology Department in 2006, and was later appointed as the
department chair Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
. Other areas of academic involvement include serving as Chairman of the Editorial Board of the '' Contemporary Jewry'' journal (1977-1980), as a contributing editor for ''
Review of Religious Research The ''Review of Religious Research'' is a quarterly journal that reviews the various methods, findings and uses of religious research. It contains a variety of articles, book reviews and reports on research projects. It is published by the Relig ...
'' (1977-1979), and as a member of the Wilstein Institute for Jewish Policy Studies' Advisory Board (1990-199?).


Measures of religiosity

Verbit was among the
sociologists of religion Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology. This objective investigation may include the use both of quantitative methods (surveys, ...
to explore the theoretical analysis of the sociological dimensions of
religiosity The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' defines religiosity as: "Religiousness; religious feeling or belief. ..Affected or excessive religiousness". Different scholars have seen this concept as broadly about religious orientations and degrees of inv ...
. His contribution includes measuring religiosity through six different "components" (similar to Charles Glock's five-dimensional approach (Glock, 1972: 39)), and the individual's behaviour vis-à-vis each one of these components has a number of "dimensions", making it a twenty-four-dimensional measure of religiosity.


The twenty-four-dimensional religiosity measure

Verbit's six components of religiosity are: *
ritual A ritual is a repeated, structured sequence of actions or behaviors that alters the internal or external state of an individual, group, or environment, regardless of conscious understanding, emotional context, or symbolic meaning. Traditionally ...
*
doctrine Doctrine (from , meaning 'teaching, instruction') is a codification (law), codification of beliefs or a body of teacher, teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the essence of teachings in a given branch of knowledge or in a ...
*
emotion Emotions are physical and mental states brought on by neurophysiology, neurophysiological changes, variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavior, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or suffering, displeasure. There is ...
*
knowledge Knowledge is an Declarative knowledge, awareness of facts, a Knowledge by acquaintance, familiarity with individuals and situations, or a Procedural knowledge, practical skill. Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is oft ...
*
ethics Ethics is the philosophy, philosophical study of Morality, moral phenomena. Also called moral philosophy, it investigates Normativity, normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. Its main branches inclu ...
*
community A community is a social unit (a group of people) with a shared socially-significant characteristic, such as place, set of norms, culture, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given g ...
Verbit's four dimensions for measuring the above six components are: *content, the elements of one's religious repertoire. *frequency, the 'amount' of involvement of a person in religious behaviors and practices. *intensity, the degree of determination or consistency in relation to one’s position towards religion. *centrality, the importance that a person attributes to religious tenets, rituals and sentiments. Verbit theorized that each of the six components could be measured along the four dimensions (e.g. ritual is measured by ritual content, ritual frequency, ritual intensity, ritual centrality).


Involvement in Jewish academic organizations

Mervin Verbit served as the first
president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...
of the
Association for the Social Scientific Study of Jewry The Association for the Social Scientific Study of Jewry (ASSJ) is a cross-disciplinary organization of individuals whose research concerns the Jewish people throughout the world, founded in 1971. Purpose The ASSJ comprises primarily academics, ...
(ASSJ), a
cross-disciplinary An academic discipline or academic field is a subdivision of knowledge that is taught and researched at the college or university level. Disciplines are defined (in part) and recognized by the academic journals in which research is published, a ...
organization An organization or organisation (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English; American and British English spelling differences#-ise, -ize (-isation, -ization), see spelling differences) is an legal entity, entity—such as ...
of individuals whose research concerns the
Jewish people Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly inte ...
throughout the world. He was president of the
ASSJ The Association for the Social Scientific Study of Jewry (ASSJ) is a cross-disciplinary organization of individuals whose research concerns the Jewish people throughout the world, founded in 1971. Purpose The ASSJ comprises primarily academics, b ...
from 1971 to 1973. Verbit is currently a fellow at the
Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs The Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs (JCFA), formerly the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs (JCPA), is an Israeli think tank specializing in public diplomacy and foreign policy founded in 1976. JCPA publishes the biennial jo ...
, a Jerusalem-based institute for Jewish policy research. Verbit served on Technical Advisory Committee for the National Jewish Population Study (NJPS) 2000-2001 national survey of American Jews. Verbit has organized two academic conferences for university faculty to familiarize themselves with topics relating to Israel.


Sociological research on Soviet Jewry

In 1976, Benjamin Fain initiated a sociological study on Soviet Jewry. After emigrating to
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
in 1977, Fain and Verbit published the study on the
Jewish identity Jewish identity is the objective or subjective sense of perceiving oneself as a Jew and as relating to being Jewish. It encompasses elements of nationhood, "The Jews are a nation and were so before there was a Jewish state of Israel" "Jews are ...
of Soviet Jews. The study was published in 1984, through the
Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs The Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs (JCFA), formerly the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs (JCPA), is an Israeli think tank specializing in public diplomacy and foreign policy founded in 1976. JCPA publishes the biennial jo ...
. The report recounts the extraordinary faithfulness of
Soviet Jews The history of the Jews in the Soviet Union is inextricably linked to much earlier expansionist policies of the Russian Empire conquering and ruling the eastern half of the European continent already before the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. "Fo ...
to the surviving remnants of Judaism under the rule of the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
.


Study findings

The study used data gathered from a 1976 survey organized by Fain. The respondents were some 1,200 Soviet Jews who had not taken any steps to try to leave the country. Fifty three percent of the respondents reported to respect religion though they did not believe, compared with thirty five percent who entertained various negative positions on religion. Eleven percent had more positive attitudes towards religion.


Family

Verbit's daughter, Shira Richman, is a behavior therapy consultant, and the author of two books on autism in children; ''Raising a Child with Autism'' and ''Encouraging Appropriate Behavior for Children on the Autism Spectrum''.Richman, S. (2006). ''Encouraging Appropriate Behavior for Children on the Autism Spectrum'': "Frequently Asked Questions". Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 5-6.


Publications

*Verbit, M. F. (2012). "American Jews: More right than left on the peace process". ''Jewish Political Studies Review'', 24(1), 45-58. *Verbit, M. F. (2002). "A research agenda for American Jewry". ''Contemporary Jewry'', 23(1), 1-13. *Verbit, M. F. (1996). eview of the book ''A Jewish quest for religious meaning'', by N. E. Frimer ''Tradition'', 30(3), 86-92. *
Ernest Krausz Ernest (Kopul) Krausz (Hebrew: ארנסט קראוס; August 13, 1931 - December 10, 2018) was an Israeli professor of sociology who served as rector and Acting President of Bar Ilan University. He also taught at Netanya Academic College. Biogr ...
, & Verbit, M. F. (1995). "Interuniversity Fellowship Program (with the Overseas Program of the Council for Higher Education)". In M. Davis (Ed.), ''Teaching Jewish civilization: A global approach to higher education''. NYU Press. *Verbit, M. F. (1994). "Intermarriage in the United States". In G. Wigoder (Ed.), ''Encyclopaedia Judaica Decennial Book'' (1983-1992, pp. 57–65). Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House. *Verbit, M. F. (1992). "Content and company". In M. Mor (Ed.), ''Jewish assimilation, acculturation, and accommodation'' (pp. 246–261). Omaha, NE: Creighton University Press. *Verbit, M. F. (1992). "Images of the movements: Perceptions of American Jewish university students". In M. Mor (Ed.), ''Jewish Sects, Religious Movements, and Political Parties'' (pp. 287–300). Omaha, NE: Creighton University Press. *Verbit, M. F. (1992). "Judaism in the 21st century". In M. Mor (Ed.), ''Jewish assimilation, acculturation, and accommodation'' (pp. 304–312). Omaha, NE: Creighton University Press. *Verbit, M. F. (1990). "Is the morality of political communities the same as the morality of individuals: Yes or no". In D. J. Elazar (Ed.), ''Morality and power: Contemporary Jewish views'' (pp. 129–133). Lanham, MD: University Press of America. *Verbit, M. F. (1989). "Children of the movement". In U. O. Schmelz & S. D. Pergola, ''Papers in Jewish demography'', 1985 (pp. 345–356). Jerusalem, Israel: Hebrew University of Jerusalem. *Verbit, M. F. (1987). Dor L'dor: Continuity Through Commitment and Knowledge. Council of Jewish Federations. *Verbit, M. (1985). "Children of the movements: Differences among American Jewish university students raised in Orthodox, Conservative and Reform Homes". ''Papers in Jewish demography''. Jerusalem. *Verbit, M. F. (1985). Sociology of the American Jewish Community. Contemporary Jewish Civilization: Selected Syllabi, 227. *Verbit, M. F. (ed.) (1985). World register of university studies in Jewish civilization: inventory of holdings (Vol. 1). Markus Wiener Publishers. *Fain, B., & Verbit, M. F. (1984). ''Jewishness in the Soviet Union''. Israel: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. *Fain, B., & Verbit, M. F. (1984). ''Jewishness in the Soviet Union: Report of an empirical survey''. Jerusalem, Israel: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. *Verbit, M. R. (1983). "Intermarriage in the United States". Encyclopaedia Judaica Decennial Book, 1992, 56-64. *Verbit, M. (1983). "Jewish Identity and the Israel‐Diaspora Dialogue". In ''Forum'' (Vol. 48, pp. 63–74). *Verbit, M. F. (1983). "Which Jews Want Children? Correlates of Desired Fertility Among American Jewish University Students". In ''Papers in Jewish demography'', 1981: proceedings of the demographic sessions held at the 8th World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, August 1981 (No. 16, p. 269). Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. *Verbit, M. F. (1981). "The political character of Judaism and Islam: Some comparisons". In M. Curtis, ''Religion and politics in the Middle East'' (pp. 69–76). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. *Nisan, M., Aviad, J. O. D., & Verbit, M. F. (1980). ''Gush Emunim, Shalom Achshav, and Israel's Future''. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. *Verbit, M. F. (1978). "Intermarriage and the needs of a viable Jewish community". In S. Zimmerman & B. S. Trainin, ''The threat of mixed marriage: A response''. New York, NY: Federation of Jewish Philanthropies of New York. *Verbit, M. F. (1972). "The Jew on the American Scene". ''NCJW Journal''. Volume 34, Issue 2. National Council of Jewish Women. *Verbit, M. F. (1971). Characteristics of a Jewish Community: The Demographic and Judaic Profiles of the Jews in the Area Served by the Jewish Federation of North Jersey. Jewish Federation of North Jersey. *Verbit, M. F. (1971). "Structural Conditions of Jewish Continuity in America". ''Journal of Jewish Communal Service''. Jewish Communal Service Association of North America (JCSA), National Conference of Jewish Communal Service. pp. 10–22. *Verbit, M. F. (1970). "The components and dimensions of religious behavior: Toward a reconceptualization of religiosity". ''American mosaic'', 24, 39. *Verbit, M. F. (1968). ''Referents for religion among Jewish college students'' (Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University.).


References


External links

*Touro Colleg
faculty page
*Touro Colleg
faculty publication page
*
Berman Jewish Policy Archive The Stanford University Graduate School of Education (Stanford GSE or GSE) is one of the top School of Education, education schools in the United States. It offers master's and doctoral programs in more than 25 areas of specialization, along with ...

author publication page
{{DEFAULTSORT:Verbit, Mervin F. Living people American sociologists Jewish sociologists Jewish American social scientists University of Pennsylvania alumni Columbia University alumni 1936 births Brooklyn College faculty 21st-century American Jews