''Memphis'', described by
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology.
Scientific career
Hübner was the author of '' ...
in 1819, is a Neotropical
nymphalid
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have ...
butterfly
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
in the subfamily
Charaxinae
__NOTOC__
The Charaxinae, the leafwings, are a nymphalid subfamily of butterflies that includes about 400 species, inhabiting mainly the tropics, although some species extend into temperate regions in North America, Europe, China, and southern ...
.
There are 61
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
in the genus. All are
Neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeogra ...
and the undersides of the wings closely
resemble dead leaves. In the past ''Memphis'' was considered a
subgenus
In biology, a subgenus ( subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.
In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the ge ...
of ''
Anaea''.
Species
Listed alphabetically within groups:
[*]
Species group
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...
''pasibula'':
*''
Memphis pasibula''
(Doubleday, 849
*''
Memphis falcata''
(Hopffer, 1874)
Species group ''aureola'':
*''
Memphis anna''
(Staudinger, 1897)
*''
Memphis aureola''
(Bates, 1866)
*''
Memphis dia''
(Godman & Salvin, 884
__NOTOC__
Year 884 ( DCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Europe
* March 1 – Diego Rodríguez Porcelos, count of Castile, founds and repopulates (''repoblación'') Burgos a ...
*''
Memphis polyxo''
(H. Druce, 1874)
Species group ''verticordia'':
*''
Memphis artacaena''
(Hewitson, 1869) – white-patched leafwing
[
*'' Memphis perenna'' (Godman & Salvin, ]884
__NOTOC__
Year 884 ( DCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Europe
* March 1 – Diego Rodríguez Porcelos, count of Castile, founds and repopulates (''repoblación'') Burgos a ...
– big-spotted leafwing[
*?'' Memphis pleione'' (Godart, 1819)
*'' Memphis verticordia'' (Hübner, 1824)
Species group ''arginussa'':
*'' Memphis arginussa'' (Geyer, 1832) – mottled leafwing][
*'' Memphis herbacea'' (Butler & H. Druce, 1872) – scarce leafwing][
*'' Memphis lemnos'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis pithyusa'' (R. Felder, 1869) – blue leafwing, pale-spotted leafwing][
Species group ''hedemanni'':
*'' Memphis acaudata'' (Röber, 1916)
*'' Memphis hedemanni'' (R. Felder, 1869) – double-banded leafwing][Glassberg, Jeffrey. (2007). ''A Swift Guide to Butterflies of Mexico and Central America.'' Sunstreak Books Inc. pp.124-127.]
*'' Memphis praxias'' (Hopffer, 1874)
Species group ''glauce'':
*'' Memphis glauce'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862)
Species group ''appias'':
*'' Memphis appias'' (Hübner, 825
__NOTOC__
Year 825 (Roman numerals, DCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
India
* A group of Persio-Assyrian adherents of the Church of the East, under the leadership of two Persian bis ...
*'' Memphis xenippa'' (Hall, 1935)
*'' Memphis xenocles'' (Westwood, 1850) – corner-spotted leafwing[
Species group ''polycarmes'':
*'' Memphis ambrosia'' (H. Druce, 1874)
*'' Memphis anassa'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862)
*'' Memphis aulica'' (Röber, 1916)
*'' Memphis basilia'' (Stoll, ]780
__NOTOC__
Year 780 (Roman numerals, DCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 780th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 780th year of the 1st millennium, the 80th year of the 8th c ...
*'' Memphis cleomestra'' (Hewitson, 1869)
*'' Memphis forreri'' (Godman & Salvin, 884
__NOTOC__
Year 884 ( DCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Europe
* March 1 – Diego Rodríguez Porcelos, count of Castile, founds and repopulates (''repoblación'') Burgos a ...
– Guatemalan leafwing[
*'' Memphis grandis'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis laura'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis lineata'' (Salvin, 1869)
*'' Memphis lyceus'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis mora'' (H. Druce, 1874)
*'' Memphis nenia'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis offa'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis phantes'' (Hopffer, 1874)
*'' Memphis polycarmes'' (Fabricius, 1775)
*'' Memphis proserpina'' (Salvin, 1869) – great leafwing][
Species group ''moruus'':
*'' Memphis moruus'' (Fabricius, 1775) – laurel leafwing][
*'' Memphis oenomais'' (Boisduval, 1870) – Boisduval's leafwing][
*'' Memphis philumena'' (Doubleday, 849 – orange-striped leafwing][
Species group ''eribotes'':
*'' Memphis acidalia'' (Hübner, 819
*'' Memphis beatrix'' (H. Druce, 1874)
*'' Memphis catinka'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis hirta'' (Weymer, 1907)
*'' Memphis laertes'' (Cramer, 775
*'' Memphis leonida'' (Stoll, 782
*'' Memphis otrere'' (Hübner, 1825)
*'' Memphis pseudiphis'' (Staudinger, 1887)
Species group ''iphis'':
*'' Memphis alberta'' (H. Druce, 1876)
*'' Memphis boliviana'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis cerealia'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis cluvia'' (Hopffer, 1874)
*'' Memphis iphis'' (Latreille, 813
*'' Memphis lorna'' (H. Druce, 1877)
*'' Memphis moeris'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 867
Ungrouped:
*'' Memphis eurypyle'' C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 – pointed leafwing][
*'' Memphis salinasi'' Pyrcz, 1993
*'' Memphis viloriae'' Pyrcz & Neild, 1996
*'' Memphis wellingi'' (Miller & Miller, 1976)
]
Gallery
File:AnaeaMemphisglaucone.jpg, '' Memphis glauce''
File:AnaeaMemphismorvus.jpg, *'' Memphis moruus''
File:Memphis phantes vicinia MHNT.jpg, '' Memphis phantes'' - MHNT
File:Macrolepidoptera15seit 0259.jpg,
File:Macrolepidoptera15seit 0261.jpg,
References
External links
*
TOLimages representing ''Memphis''
at EoL
Photographs of type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* ...
specimens.
Pteron
Images. In Japanese but binomial
Binomial may refer to:
In mathematics
*Binomial (polynomial), a polynomial with two terms
*Binomial coefficient, numbers appearing in the expansions of powers of binomials
*Binomial QMF, a perfect-reconstruction orthogonal wavelet decomposition
* ...
names. Two pages.
* Includes images.
Anaeini
Nymphalidae of South America
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner
Butterfly genera
{{Charaxinae-stub