Melson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Boyd Melson, American boxer
*C.W. Melson (1929–1981), American politician
*Charles L. Melson (1904-1981), American admiral
*Isaac Melson Meekins (1875–1946), U.S. federal judge
*Joe Melson (born May 1935), American singer and songwriter
*Kenneth E. Melson (born c. 1948), American lawyer and acting ATF Director
*Robert Melson (political scientist), professor emeritus of political science and Jewish studies at Purdue University
*Silas Melson (born 1996), American basketball player
{{surname, Melson