During most of the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

(c. 410–1485 AD), the island of

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...

was divided into multiple kingdoms. By the end of the period two remained: the

Kingdom of England The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the late 9th century, when it was unified from various Heptarchy, Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland to f ...

, of which Wales was a principality, and the

Kingdom of Scotland The Kingdom of Scotland was a sovereign state in northwest Europe, traditionally said to have been founded in 843. Its territories expanded and shrank, but it came to occupy the northern third of the island of Great Britain, sharing a Anglo-Sc ...

. The following articles address this period of history in each of the nations of Great Britain: *

England in the Middle Ages England in the Middle Ages concerns the history of England during the Middle Ages, medieval period, from the end of the 5th century through to the start of the Early modern Britain, early modern period in 1485. When England emerged from the co ...

Anglo-Saxon England Anglo-Saxon England or early medieval England covers the period from the end of Roman Empire, Roman imperial rule in Roman Britain, Britain in the 5th century until the Norman Conquest in 1066. Compared to modern England, the territory of the ...

(600–1066) **

England in the High Middle Ages England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It shares a land border with Scotland to the north and anoth ...

(1066 – c. 1216) **

England in the Late Middle Ages The history of England during the Late Middle Ages covers from the thirteenth century, the end of the Angevin kings of England, Angevins, and the accession of Henry II of England, Henry II – considered by many to mark the start of the Plantagen ...

(c. 1216 – 1485) *

Scotland in the Middle Ages Scotland in the Middle Ages concerns the history of Scotland from the departure of the Romans to the adoption of major aspects of the Renaissance in the early sixteenth century. From the fifth century northern Britain was divided into a serie ...

Scotland in the Early Middle Ages Scotland was divided into a series of kingdoms in the Early Middle Ages, i.e. between the end of Roman authority in Roman Britain, southern and central Britain from around 400 AD and Origins of the Kingdom of Alba, the rise of the kingdom of Alba ...

(400–900) **

Scotland in the High Middle Ages The High Middle Ages of Scotland encompass Scotland in the era between the death of Donald II of Scotland, Domnall II in 900 AD and the death of King Alexander III of Scotland, Alexander III in 1286, which was an indirect cause of the Wars of S ...

(900–1286) **

Scotland in the Late Middle Ages Scotland in the late Middle Ages, between the deaths of Alexander III of Scotland, Alexander III in 1286 and James IV of Scotland, James IV in 1513, established its independence from England under figures including William Wallace in the late ...

(1286–1513) *

Wales in the Middle Ages Wales in the Middle Ages covers the history of the country that is now called Wales, from the departure of the Romans in the early fifth century to the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542, annexation of Wales into the Kingdom of England in the earl ...

Wales in the Early Middle Ages Wales in the early Middle Ages covers the time between the Roman departure from Wales c. 383 until the middle of the 11th century. In that time there was a gradual consolidation of power into increasingly hierarchical kingdoms. The end of the ea ...

(c. 383 – c. 825) **

Wales in the High Middle Ages Wales in the High Middle Ages covers the 11th to 13th centuries in Welsh history. Beginning shortly before the Norman invasion of the 1060s and ending with the Conquest of Wales by Edward I between 1278 and 1283, it was a period of significan ...

(c. 825 – 1282) ** Wales in the Late Middle Ages (1282–1542)

See also