Mayureswar I is a
community development block
In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several techni ...
that forms an administrative division in
Rampurhat subdivision
Rampurhat subdivision is an administrative subdivision of Birbhum district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Overview
The northern portion of Rampurhat subdivision is part of the Nalhati Plains, a sub-micro physiographic region, and the south ...
of
Birbhum district
Birbhum district () is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the northernmost district of Burdwan division—one of the five administrative divisions of West Bengal. The district headquarters is in Suri. Other imp ...
in the
India
India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
n
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* '' Our ...
of
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the four ...
.
Overview
Birbhum district is physiographically a part of the ancient
Rarh region
Rarh region () is a toponym for an area in the Indian subcontinent that lies between the Chota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East. Although the boundaries of the region have been defined differently according to various ...
. The western portion of the district is basically an extension of the
Chota Nagpur Plateau
The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the b ...
. The area has mostly loose reddish
lateritic
Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop b ...
low fertility soil. In the east, the flood plains of the major rivers, such as the
Ajay,
Bakreshwar
Bakreshwar is a village in Dubrajpur CD Block in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited and Bakreswar Thermal Power Pla ...
,
Mayurakshi
''Mayurakshi'' is a 2017 Bengali film directed by Atanu Ghosh and produced by Firdausal Hassan & Probal Halder for Friends Communication. The music was composed by Debojyoti Mishra. The film won the award for Best Bengali feature film at the ...
and
Brahmani
Brahmani (Sanskrit: ब्रह्माणी, IAST: Brahmāṇī) or Brahmi (Sanskrit: ब्राह्मी, IAST: Brāhmī), is one of the seven Hindu mother goddesses known as Sapta Matrikas. She is a form of Saraswati and is conside ...
have soft
alluvial
Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Al ...
soil. The forest cover is only 3.5% of the total district. Although coal is found in the district and
Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station
Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited is a power station with an installed capacity of 1050 MW (5x210 MW) and it is proposed for capacity expansion of another 500 MW.
Location
Bakreshwar Thermal Po ...
has a capacity of 2,010 MW, the economic condition of Birbhum is dominated by agriculture.
From 1977 onwards major
land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. In Birbhum district, 19,968 hectares of vested agricultural land has been distributed amongst 161,515 beneficiaries, till 2011. However, more than 38% of the operational land holding is marginal or less than 1 acre.
[ The proportion of agricultural labourers amongst total workers in Birbhum district is 45.9%, the highest amongst all districts of West Bengal. Culturally rich Birbhum, with such traditional landmarks as ]Jaydev Kenduli
Jaydev Kenduli is a village and gram panchayat in Ilambazar community development block in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum District in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is believed by many to be the birthplace of Jayadeva, an issue that is stil ...
and Chandidas Nanoor, is home to Visva-Bharati University
Visva-Bharati () is a public central university and an Institution of National Importance located in Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India. It was founded by Rabindranath Tagore who called it ''Visva-Bharati'', which means the communion of the ...
at Santiniketan
Santiniketan is a neighbourhood of Bolpur town in the Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India, approximately 152 km north of Kolkata. It was established by Maharshi Devendranath Tagore, and later expanded by his son ...
, having close association with two Nobel laureates – Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
and Amartya Sen
Amartya Kumar Sen (; born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, economi ...
.
Geography
Mallarpur is located at .
Mayureshwar I CD Block is part of the Brahmani-Mayurakshi Basin, one of the four sub-micro physiographic regions occupying the area between Brahmani River in the north and Mayurakshi River in the south.
Mayureshwar I CD Block is bounded by Rampurhat I
Rampurhat I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Overview
Birbhum district is physiographically a part of the ancient Rarh region. ...
and Rampurhat II
Rampurhat II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Overview
Birbhum district is physiographically a part of the ancient Rarh region. ...
CD Blocks on the north, Burwan CD Block, in Murshidabad district, on the east, Mayureswar II and Sainthia
Sainthia (formerly Nandipur) is a city and a municipality in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The city is known as business city of Birbhum district. The city is under the jurisdiction of Sainthia ...
CD Block on the south and Mohammad Bazar Mohammad Bazar may refer to:
*Ali Mohammad Bazar, a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, Central District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
*Mohammad Bazar, Birbhum, a village in Mohammad Bazar CD Block, Suri Sadar subdivision ...
CD Block on the west.
Mayureswar I CD Block has an area of 224.83 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 9 gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bo ...
s, 88 gram sansads (village councils), 114 mouza
In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 108 inhabited villages, according to District Statistical Handbook Birbhum 2008. Mallarpur
Mallarpur is a census town in Mayureswar I CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
The name Mallarpur had come from Malla kings. Probably, it has some connection with the great Malla k ...
police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Mallarpur
Mallarpur is a census town in Mayureswar I CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
The name Mallarpur had come from Malla kings. Probably, it has some connection with the great Malla k ...
.
Gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bo ...
s of Mayureswar I block/panchayat samiti
Panchayat samiti is a rural local government (panchayat) body at the intermediate tehsil (taluka/mandal) level in India. It works for the villages of the tehsil that together are called a development block. It has been said to be the "panchayat ...
are: Bajitpur, Baraturigram, Dabuk, Dakshingram, Jhikadda, Kanachi, Mollarpur I, Mollarpur II and Talwan.
Demographics
Population
As per the 2011 Census of India, Mayureshwar I CD Block had a total population of 159,782, of which 149,606 were rural and 10,176 were urban. There were 81,465 (51%) males and 78,317 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 19,966. Scheduled Castes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 54,435 (34.07%) and Scheduled Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 10,692 (6.69%).
As per 2001 census, Mayureswar I block had a total population of 139,677, out of which 71,677 were males and 68,000 were females. Mayureswar I block registered a population growth of 19.80 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Birbhum district was 17.88 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
Census Town
In India and some other countries, a census town is designated as a town that satisfies certain characteristics.
India
In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population ...
in Mayureshwar I CD Block is (2011 census figure in brackets): Fatehpur (10,176).[
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Mayursehwar I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Sekhpur (4,638), ]Mallarpur
Mallarpur is a census town in Mayureswar I CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
The name Mallarpur had come from Malla kings. Probably, it has some connection with the great Malla k ...
(6,471), Rangtara (4,120), Baraturigram (5,968), Hazipur (4,345) and Sanakpur (5,050).[
Other villages in Mayureshwar I CD Block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Dabuk (3,096), Jhikadda (1,088), Bajitpur (2,611), Kanachi (2,108), Dakshin Gram (2,589) and Taloan (2,409).][
]
Literacy
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Mayureswar I CD Block was 99,993 (71.52% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 56,064 (78.59% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 43,929 (64.15% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity
Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.44%.[
See also – ]List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census.
With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 Ce ...
Language and religion
As per census definition, mother-tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. As a mother-tongue, Bengali
Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to:
*something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia
* Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region
* Bengali language, the language they speak
** Bengali alphabet, the ...
has increased its share from 90.5% of the population of Birbhum district in 1961 to 91.9% in 2001, Santali has decreased from 6.9% in 1961 to 5.9% in 2001. Other mother-tongues spoken in 2001 were: Hindi (1.2%), Khortha/ Khotta (0.3%), Koda/Kora (0.2%), Telugu (0.1%) and Kurukh/ Oraon (0.1%).
In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 111,589 and formed 69.84% of the population in Mayureswar I CD Block. Muslims numbered 46,864 and formed 29.39% of the population. Christians numbered 446 and formed 0.28% of the population. Others numbered 883 and formed 0.55% of the population.
The proportion of Hindus in Birbhum district has declined from 72.2% in 1961 to 62.3% in 2011. The proportion of Muslims in Birbhum district has increased from 27.6% to 37.1% during the same period. Christians formed 0.3% in 2011.
Rural poverty
As per the BPL household survey carried out in 2005, the proportion of BPL households in Mayureswar I CD Block was 39.8%, against 42.3% in Birbhum district. In six CD Blocks – Murarai II, Nalhati II, Rampurhat II, Rampurhat I, Suri II and Murarai I – the proportion of BPL families was more than 50%. In three CD Blocks – Rajnagar, Suri I and Labhpur – the proportion of BPL families was less than 30%. The other ten CD Blocks in Birbhum district were placed in between. According to the District Human Development Report, Birbhum, “Although there is no indication that the share of BPL households is more in blocks with higher share of agricultural labourer, there is a clear pattern that the share of BPL households is more in blocks with disadvantaged population in general and Muslim population in particular.” (The disadvantaged population includes SCs, STs and Muslims.)
Economy
Livelihood
In Mayureswar I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 12,973 and formed 20.30%, agricultural labourers numbered 33,407 and formed 52.27%, household industry workers numbered 3,152 and formed 4.93% and other workers numbered 14,378 and formed 22.50%. Total workers numbered 63,910 and formed 40.00% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 95,872 and formed 60.00% of the population.
Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.
Infrastructure
There are 107 inhabited villages in Mayureswar I CD Block, as per District Census Handbook, Birbhum, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 106 villages (99.07%) have drinking water supply. 20 villages (18.69%) have post offices. 100 villages (93.46%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 23 villages (21.50%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 38 villages (35.51%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 12 villages (11.21%) have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages (5.61%) have banks.
Agriculture
Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2004-05 (the agricultural labourer data is for 2001), persons engaged in agriculture in Mayureswar I CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadar
Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s 3,276 (5.79%), patta (document) holders 7,990 (14.13%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 9,986 (17.66%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 11,695 (20.68%) and agricultural labourers 23,599 (41.73%).
Birbhum is a predominantly paddy cultivation-based agricultural district. The area under paddy cultivation in 2010-11 was 249,000 hectares of land. Paddy is grown in do, suna and sali classes of land. There is double to triple cropping system for paddy cultivation. Other crops grown in Birbhum are gram, masuri, peas, wheat, linseed, khesari, til, sugarcane and occasionally cotton. 192,470 hectares of cultivable land is under irrigation by different sources, such as canals, tanks, river lift irrigation and different types of tubewells. In 2009-10, 158,380 hectares were irrigated by canal water. There are such major irrigation projects as Mayurakshi and Hijli. Other rivers such as Ajoy, Brahmani, Kuskurni, Dwaraka, Hingla and Kopai are also helpful for irrigation in the district.
In 2013-14, there were 60 fertiliser depots, 12 seed stores and 57 fair price shops in Mayureswar I CD block.
In 2013-14, Mayureswar I CD block produced 50,817 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 16,670 hectares, 9,936 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 3,016 hectares, 4,856 tonnes of wheat from 1,418 hectares, 274 tonnes of jute from 14 hectares, 14,159 tonnes of potatoes from 739 hectares and 3,566 tonnes of sugar cane from 46 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.[
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Mayureswar I CD block was 21,692 hectares, out of which 15,000 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 552 hectares by tank water, 50 hectares by river lift irrigation, 3,040 hectares by deep tube wells and 3,050 hectares by other means.][
]
Banking
In 2013-14, Mayureswar I CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 3 gramin banks.[
]
Other sectors
According to the District Human Development Report, 2009, Birbhum is one of the most backward districts of West Bengal in terms of industrial development. Of the new industrial projects set-up in West Bengal between 1991 and 2005, only 1.23% came to Birbhum. Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station
Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited is a power station with an installed capacity of 1050 MW (5x210 MW) and it is proposed for capacity expansion of another 500 MW.
Location
Bakreshwar Thermal Po ...
is the only large-scale industry in the district and employs about 5,000 people. There are 4 medium-scale industries and 4,748 registered small-scale industries.
The proportion of workers engaged in agriculture in Birbhum has been decreasing. According to the District Human Development Report, “more people are now engaged in non-agricultural activities, such as fishing, retail sales, vegetable vending, selling milk, and so on. As all these activities are at the lower end of the spectrum of marketable skills, it remains doubtful if these activities generate enough return for their family’s sustenance.”
Backward Regions Grant Fund
Birbhum district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund
Backward or Backwards is a relative direction.
Backwards or Sdrawkcab (the word "backwards" with its letters reversed) may also refer to:
* "Backwards" (''Red Dwarf''), episode of sci-fi TV sitcom ''Red Dwarf''
** ''Backwards'' (novel), a nov ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.
Transport
Mayureswar I CD block has 8 originating/ terminating bus routes.[
The Khana-Barharwa section of ]Sahibganj loop
The Sahibganj loop is a railway line connecting Khana Junction and Kiul Junction. Originally a part of the Howrah–Delhi main line, it was opened to traffic in 1866. With the construction of a shorter railway line for a part of the route, the ...
passes through this block. There are stations at Mallarpur and Gadadharpur.
NH 14
National Highway 162 (NH 162) is a National Highway in India. It is a spur road of National Highway 62. NH-162 traverses the state of Rajasthan in India. NH162 route was extended from Pali to Bhatewar.
Route
Bar,Sojat City, Pali, Marwad, N ...
and NH 114 pass through this block.
Culture
Dabukeswar temple at Dabuk is the highest temple in Birbhum district. It was constructed in 1287 Bengali era.[Mukhopadhyay Aditya, ''Birbhumer Mela'', ''Paschim Banga '', Birbhum Special Issue, February 2006, , pp. 203-214, Information & Cultural Department, Government of West Bengal.]
Poush
Poush ( bn, পৌষ; ne, पौष) is the 9th month of both the Bengali calendar and the Nepali calendar. It overlaps December and January of the Gregorian calendar. It is the first month of the winter season. This month marks the start of Win ...
Sankranti
Sankranti ( sa, संक्रान्ति ''saṁkrānti or saṅkramaṇa'') means transmigration of the Sun from one zodiac to another in Indian astronomy.
Each Sankranti is marked as the beginning of a month in the sidereal solar calen ...
fair is held at Shibpur in the Mayureswar police station. Shivratri
Maha Shivaratri ( IAST: Mahāśivarātri) is a Hindu festival celebrated annually in honour of the god Shiva. The name also refers to the night when Shiva performs the heavenly dance called Tandava.
In every month of the luni-solar Hindu ...
fair is held at Dabuk. Gosaidas fair is held at Dakshingram. Dharma pujo fair is held at Ratma on the occasion of Buddha Purnima.
Education
In 2013-14, Mayureswar I CD block had 112 primary schools with 10,625 students, 8 middle schools with 952 students, 14 high schools with 8,055 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 8,745 students. Mayureswar I CD Block had 1 general degree college with 2,432 students, 3 technical/ professional institutions with 449 students and 258 institutions for special and non-formal education with 8,065 students[
As per the 2011 census, in Mayursewar I CD Block, amongst the 107 inhabited villages, 6 villages did not have a school, 34 villages had more than 1 primary school, 35 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 26 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school. 13 villages had senior secondary schools. There were 2 degree colleges for arts, science and commerce in Mayureswar I CD Block.
]Turku Hansda-Lapsa Hemram Mahavidyalaya
Turku Hansda Lapsa Hemram Mahavidyalay, established in 2006, is a government affiliated college located at Mallarpur in the Birbhum district of West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the east ...
was established at Madian in 2006.
Healthcare
In 2014, Muyureswar I CD block had 1 rural hospital and 2 primary health centres with total 31 beds and 4 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 23 family welfare subcentres. 4,004 patients were treated indoor and 84,606 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.[
As per 2011 census, in Mayureswar I CD Block, 1 village had a community health centre, 3 villages had primary health centres, 78 villages had primary health subcentres, 4 villages had maternity and child welfare centres, 4 villages had veterinary hospitals, 15 villages had medicine shops and out of the 107 inhabited villages 20 villages had no medical facilities.
Mallarpur Rural Hospital at ]Mallarpur
Mallarpur is a census town in Mayureswar I CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
The name Mallarpur had come from Malla kings. Probably, it has some connection with the great Malla k ...
has 30 beds. There are primary health centres at Talwa (6 beds) and Ratma (PO Daksingram) (6 beds).
References
{{Birbhum topics
Community development blocks in Birbhum district