{{short description, High Steward of Spain The Mayordomo mayor (High Steward) was the Officer of the

Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain The Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain () was the institution of the Monarchy of Spain. It governed the organization of the Royal Spanish Court from the time of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg dynasty, which introduced the so-called ...

in charge of the person and rooms of the King of

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

. The Office of “Mayordomo mayor” was suppressed after the proclamation of the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931 after the deposition of Alfonso XIII, King Alfonso XIII. ...

in 1931 and never re-created after the restoration of the Monarchy in 1975, but it can be said that it is the historical precedent of the modern Head of the

Royal Household of Spain The Royal Household of Spain, officially Household of His Majesty the King (), is the constitutional body whose primary function is to provide aid and support to the King of Spain in the exercise of his royal duties and prerogatives. These inc ...

Historical precedents

Being a historical precedent the Office of “Mayordomo” of the

Kingdom of Castile The Kingdom of Castile (; : ) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (, ), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Ca ...

, the “Mayordomo mayor” of the King of

was in charge of the entire organization of the Royal Palace and of its government, having civil and even criminal jurisdiction within its walls through the so-called “Bureo” tribunal.

Regime during the 19th and 20th centuries

Diverse dispositions regulated in the 19th and 20th centuries his functions, but they must be outlined the Royal decrees of October 28 of 1847 and September 4 of 1885. During the reigns of the last three Kings before the

Isabel II Isabella II (, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. Isabella wa ...

Alfonso XII Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 185725 November 1885), also known as ''El Pacificador'' (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 D ...

and

Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena''; French language, French: ''Alphonse Léon Ferdinand Marie Jacques Isidore Pascal Antoine de Bourbon''; 17 May ...

, the “Mayordomo mayor” coordinated the whole palatial organization being, from 1840, the highest Office of the Royal Court and such denominated “Jefe Superior de Palacio” (High Chief of the Palace). Only a peer that had the rank of

Grandee of Spain Grandee (; , ) is an official royal and noble ranks, aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ha ...

could be nominated for this Office. Also, traditionally, the “Mayordomo mayor” was higher hierarchically than the “

Sumiller de Corps The Sumiller de Corps was the Officer of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain in charge of the more intimate and inner rooms of the King of Spain. He was responsible of the most immediate service to the Monarch. This Office was s ...

”. During the reign of

and part of the reign of

(until 1907) this latter Office was suppressed. The “Mayordomo mayor” was equally the holder of the privy seal, or “Guardasellos” as he was called. In that position he assured the signature of all sort of documents by the King and the link between him and the Government. He did not have jurisdiction as in former times but the Prosecution Law required his official permission for every police inspection within the walls of all the Royal palaces. In that which concerned to his role in the activities of official nature, the “Mayordomo” intervened, between others: * In royal births and baptisms where the invitations were dispatched by him, occupying the immediate site behind the Monarch. * In Public Chapels where he delivered the prayer-book to the King and was placed, also, immediately behind. * In the Lavatory of Poor, during Easter, in which he helped the Monarch to serve the plates in the later lunch that was offered. * In the ceremony of the Coverage of the

Grandees Grandee (; , ) is an official aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they have the significant con ...

where he dispatched the invitations on behalf of the King and fixed the order. * In official banquets in which he occupied one of the head-boards of the table. * In official audiences in which he fixed the day and hour. * In public ceremonies, in which he was placed in the first position close to the

Caballerizo mayor The Caballerizo mayor (Great Equerry) was the Officer of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain. This role included oversight of the trips, the mews, and the hunt of the King of Spain. Regime during the 16th to 18th centuries ...

. Under the “Mayordomo” they were the King of Arms, as charged with the heraldry, the processes of titles of nobility and the management of the dignities. The dean of this class in 1931 was Don Jose de Rújula and Ochotorena, Marquess of Ciadoncha. The Office of King of Arms was suppressed after the proclamation of the

in 1931 and never re-created after the restoration of the Monarchy in 1975. He was, at the same time, the high chief of the Court honorary servants called “

Gentilhombres Grandes de España con ejercicio y servidumbre The ''Gentilhombres Grandes de España con ejercicio y servidumbre'' (Gentlemen of the Bedchamber Grandee of Spain) was a palatial class of honorary royal servants of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain, who were entrusted with c ...

” (Gentlemen of the bedchamber Grandees of Spain), of the “

Mayordomos de semana The Mayordomos de semana (Weekly stewards) was a palatial class of honorary royal servants of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain, who were entrusted with certain functions at the service of the Monarch. Specifically, they accompa ...

” (Weeckly stewards literally) and of those called “ Gentilhombres de camara con ejercicio” (Gentlemen of the bedchamber), both (but especially the first and second ones) with certain duties attached to the person of the King. Also the Physicians of Chamber were under his dependence with a salary of 10.000 pesetas per year each one, accompanying the King in trips, hunts etc. Traditionally the Physician of Chamber who assisted to royal births was awarded with the peerage as it was the case of the first Marquess of San Gregorio and the first Count of San Diego. In 1931 the Physicians of the Chamber were Don Jacobo Lopez Elizagaray and Don Fernando Enríquez of Salamanca. Also, this Office of Physician was suppressed after the proclamation of the

in 1931 and never re-created after the restoration of the Monarchy in 1975. The Private Secretary to the King was also under the “Mayordomo”. He was in charge of the ordinary matters of the Monarch and was his more faithful assistant. During almost the whole reign of

, and in the moment of his exile, this Office was held by Don Emilio de Torres y Gonzalez-Arnáu, first Marquess of Torres de Mendoza. The last office under the “Mayordomo” was the General Inspector of the Royal Palaces, the former "Aposentador" (Office that the painter

Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptised 6 June 15996 August 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the Noble court, court of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He i ...

had occupied in the 17th century), with an annual wage of 12.500 pesetas. The General Inspector was the real steward and butler to the King. At the fall of the monarchy, this office was occupied by Don Luis de Asúa y Campos. He had his own office in all the Royal residences and was the chief of the watchmen, the doormen, the footmen and the personnel of the so-called "Ramillete", who were the servants and footmen who served at the royal table and the craftsmen of the different workshops (watchmakers, cabinet-makers, cooks, janitors, etc.). All of these offices were equally suppressed in 1931 and no longer exist. In the reign of

the wages of the “Mayordomo” were 15.000 pesetas per year and had his own office and quarter at the

Royal Palace of Madrid The Royal Palace of Madrid () is the official residence of the Spanish royal family at the city of Madrid, although now used only for state ceremonies. The palace has of floor space and contains 3,418 rooms. It is the largest royal palace in Eu ...

. Likewise, he was always awarded with the highest distinctions of the Kingdom, the neck chain of the

Order of the Golden Fleece The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece (, ) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in 1430 in Brugge by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy, Isabella of Portugal. T ...

and the grand cross of the

Order of Charles III The Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III, originally Royal and Much Distinguished Order of Charles III (, originally ; Abbreviation, Abbr.: OC3) is a knighthood and one of the three preeminent Order of merit, orders of merit bes ...

. The uniform of the “Mayordomo” was “casacón” (frock coat) with embroidery in all the seams. He was styled “Excelentísimo señor Mayordomo mayor de Su Majestad” as well as “Sumiller de Corps” and “Guardasellos” (when he held the privy seal).

List of ''mayordomos mayores'' (high stewards) to the Spanish monarch

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) ...
, 1516–1556

* 1512–1518: Ferry de Croy, Lord of Roeulx * 1518-1518: Diego de Guevara, Lord of Jouvel * 1518–1522: Ferry de Croy, Lord of Roeulx * 1522–1526:

Laurent de Gorrevod Laurent de Gorrevod, also known as Laurent de Gouvenot or Lorenzo de Garrevod (Bresse, ca. 1470 – Barcelona, 6 August 1529), was a nobleman from what was then the Burgundian State and later from the Savoyard state who was a confidant and envoy o ...

, Count of Pont-de-Vaux * 1526–1527:

Charles de Lannoy Charles de Lannoy ( – 23 September 1527) was a soldier and statesman from the Low Countries in service of the Habsburg Emperors Maximilian I and Charles V. Early life He was a member of the noble House of Lannoy. Charles de Lannoy was bo ...

, Lord of Sanzeilles,

* 1527–1529: Laurent de Gorrevod, Count of Pont-de-Vaux * 1529–1540: Adrien de Croy, Count of Roeulx,

* 1541–1556: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, Duke of Alba de Tormes,

Philip II, 1556–1598

* 1556–1582: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, Duke of Alba de Tormes,

* 1582–1598: Pedro López de Ayala, Count of Fuensalida,

Philip III, 1598–1621

* 1598–1599: Gómez Dávila y Toledo, Marquess of Velada,

* 1599–1621: Juán Hurtado de Mendoza de la Vega y Luna, Consort-

Duke of the Infantado Duke of the Infantado () is a Spanish peerage title that was granted to Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Figueroa, son of Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, by the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile ...

Philip IV, 1621–1665

* 1621–1624: Juán Hurtado de Mendoza de la Vega y Luna, Consort-

* 1629–1639:

Antonio Álvarez de Toledo y Beaumont Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language–speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular m ...

, Duke of Alba de Tormes,

* 1640–1642: Gómez de Mendoza y Manrique, Count of Castrogeriz,

* 1643–1647:

Juan Alfonso Enríquez de Cabrera ''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish and Manx versions of '' John''. The name is of Hebrew origin and has the meaning "God has been gracious." It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking countries around the world and in the Phili ...

Duke of Medina de Rioseco Duke of Medina de Rioseco () is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1538 by Charles I to Fernando Enríquez de Velasco, Admiral of Castile and Lord of Medina de Rioseco. Dukes of Me ...

, Admiral of Castile,

* 1649–1651: Manuel de Moura y Corte-Real, Marquess of Castel-Rodrigo,

* 1651–1658: Juan Gabriel Pacheco Téllez Girón, Count of la Puebla de Montalbán,

* 1658–1660:

García de Avellaneda y Haro Garcia de Avellaneda y Haro, Count of Castrillo (Écija, 1584 – Madrid, 1670), was a Spanish noble and politician, who held important positions in the Spanish government. Biography He was the second son of Luis Méndez de Haro and Beatriz de So ...

, Count of Castrillo,

* 1660–1664: Juan Gaspar Enríquez de Cabrera y Sandoval,

, Admiral of Castile,

Charles II, 1665–1701

* 1665–1667: Bernardo Manrique de Silva y Mendoza, Marquess of Aguilar de Campoo,

* 1667–1671: Antonio Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Ribera, Duke of Alba de Tormes,

* 1671–1674: Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar de Silva y Mendoza, Duke of Pastrana and of the Infantado,

* 1674–1676: Francisco Fernández de la Cueva,

Duke of Alburquerque Duke of Alburquerque () is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1464 by Henry IV to Beltrán de la Cueva, his "royal favourite" and grand master of the Order of Santiago. It makes ref ...

* 1676–1696: Íñigo Melchor Fernández de Velasco, Duke of Frías,

* 1699–1701: Juan Clarós Pérez de Guzmán y Fernández de Córdoba,

Duke of Medina Sidonia Duke of Medina Sidonia () is a peerage grandee title of Spain in Medina-Sidonia, holding the oldest extant dukedom in the kingdom, first awarded by King John I of Castile in 1380. His father, Henry II of Castile (c.1334-1379), had an illegiti ...

Philip V, 1701–1724

* 1701–1705: Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo y Ponce de León, Marquess of Villafranca del Bierzo,

* 1705–1713: José Fernández de Velasco, Duke of Frías,

* 1713–1724: Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, Marquess of Villena,

Louis I Louis I may refer to: Cardinals * Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (1527–1578) Counts * Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg (c. 1098–1158) * Louis I of Blois (1172–1205) * Louis I of Flanders (1304–1346) * Louis I of Châtillon (died 13 ...
, 1724

* 1724: Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, Marquess of Villena,

Philip V, 1724–1746

* 1724–1725: Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, Marquess of Villena,

*1725–1738: Mercurio Antonio López Pacheco, Marquess of Villena,

* 1738–1746: Francesco María Pico, Duke of la Mirandola,

Ferdinand VI Ferdinand VI (; 23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759), called the Learned (''el Prudente'') and the Just (''el Justo''), was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death in 1759. He was the third ruler of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. He was the ...
, 1746–1759

* 1746–1747: Francesco María Pico, Duke of la Mirandola,

* 1747: Juan Manuel López de Zúñiga y Castro, Duke of Béjar,

* 1747–1753: Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Moncada, Marquess of Villafranca del Bierzo,

* 1753–1759: Fernando de Silva y Álvarez de Toledo,

Duke of Huéscar Duke of Huéscar () is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1563 by Philip II to María Josefa Pimentel, daughter of the Dukes of Benavente, as a gift for her wedding to Fadrique Ál ...

Charles III Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. Charles was born at Buckingham Palace during the reign of his maternal grandfather, King George VI, and ...
, 1759–1788

* 1759–1760: Fernando de Silva y Álvarez de Toledo,

Duke of Alba Duke of Alba de Tormes (), commonly known as Duke of Alba, is a title of Spanish nobility that is accompanied by the dignity of Grandee of Spain. In 1472, the title of ''Count of Alba de Tormes'', inherited by García Álvarez de Toledo, wa ...

* 1760–1781: José María de Guzmán Guevara, Marquess of Montealegre,

* 1781–1787: Pedro de Alcántara Fernández de Córdoba y Montcada,

Duke of Medinaceli Duke of Medinaceli () is an hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee. The Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, created the title and awarded it on 31 October 1479 to Luis ...

* 1787–1788: José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán, Marquess of Santa Cruz,

Charles IV, 1788–1808

* 1788–1802: José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán, Marquess of Santa Cruz,

* 1802–1805: Diego Ventura de Guzmán, Marquess of Montealegre,

* 1805–1807: José Miguel de Carvajal y Manrique, Duke of San Carlos,

* 1807–1808: Benito Fernández Correa y Sotomayor, Marquess of Mos,

Ferdinand VII Ferdinand VII (; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808 and then again from 1813 to his death in 1833. Before 1813 he was known as ''el Deseado'' (the Desired), and af ...
, 1808 and 1814–1833

* 1808: José Miguel de Carvajal y Manrique, Duke of San Carlos,

* 1809–1810: Pedro María Jordán de Urríes y Fuembuena, Marquess of Ayerbe,

(1) * 1814–1815: José Miguel de Carvajal y Manrique, Duke of San Carlos,

* 1815–1820: Francisco de Borja Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga, Count of Miranda de Castañar,

* 1820–1822: Antonio María Ponce de León Dávila, Duke of Montemar,

* 1822–1823: José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán, Marquess of Santa Cruz de Mudela,

* 1823–1824: Francisco de Borja Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga, Count of Miranda de Castañar,

* 1824–1833: Joaquín Félix de Samaniego Urbina Pizarro y Velandia, Marquess of Valverde de la Sierra,

Isabella II Isabella II (, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. Isabella wa ...
, 1833–1868

* 1833–1838: Joaquín Félix de Samaniego Urbina Pizarro y Velandia, Marquess of Valverde de la Sierra,

* 1838–1847: Juan Bautista Queralt y Silva, Count of Santa Coloma,

* 1848–1855: Juan Nepomuceno Roca de Togores y Carrasco, Count of Pinohermoso,

* 1855-1855: Carlos Martínez de Irujo y McKean, Duke of Sotomayor,

* 1856–1866: Luis Carondelet Castaños,

Duke of Bailén Duke of Bailén () is a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility, peerage of Spain accompanied by the dignity of Grandees of Spain, Grandee and granted in 1833 by Ferdinand VII of Spain, Ferdinand VII to Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of B ...

* 1866–1868: Francisco Javier Arias Dávila y Matheu, Count of Puñonrostro,

* 1868: Antonio María Marcilla de Teruel-Moctezuma y Navarro,

Duke of Moctezuma de Tultengo Duke of Moctezuma () is a hereditary title of Spanish nobility held by a line of descendants of Emperor Moctezuma II, the ninth ''Tlatoani'', or ruler, of Tenochtitlan. Since 1766, the title has been associated with a ''Grandeza de España'', o ...

Amadeo I Amadeo I (; 30 May 184518 January 1890), also known as Amadeus, was an Italian prince who reigned as King of Spain from 1870 to 1873. The only king of Spain to come from the House of Savoy, he was the second son of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy an ...
, 1871–1873

*1871: Carlos O'Donnell,

Duke of Tetuan Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ...

* 1871–1873: Mariano Rius y Montaner, Count of Rius

Alfonso XII Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 185725 November 1885), also known as ''El Pacificador'' (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 D ...
, 1875–1885

* 1875–1885: José Isidro Osorio y Silva-Bazán, Marquess of Alcañices,

Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena''; French language, French: ''Alphonse Léon Ferdinand Marie Jacques Isidore Pascal Antoine de Bourbon''; 17 May ...
, 1885–1931

* 1885–1890: José Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Silva,

* 1890–1906: Carlos Martínez de Irujo y del Alcázar, Duke of Sotomayor,

* 1906–1907: Manuel Felipe Falcó, Marquess of la Mina,

* 1907–1925: Andrés Avelino de Salabert y Arteaga, Marquess of la Torrecilla,

* 1925–1931: Luis María de Silva y Carvajal, Duke of Miranda,

(1) Mayordomo mayor in exile at Valençay

Bibliography

Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana __NOTOC__ The ''Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana'' (also called ''Enciclopedia Espasa'', or ''Enciclopedia Espasa-Calpe'', after its publisher, founded by José Espasa Anguera) is a Spanish encyclopedia. It comprises 72 volume ...

. Volume 49. Hijos de J. Espasa, Editores.1923 * Martínez Millán José. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Departamento de Historia Moderna. La Corte de Carlos V. 2000 * Martinéz Millán (dir). José. La Corte de Felipe II. Madrid. Alianza 1994 * Martínez Millán, José y Visceglia, Maria Antonietta (Dirs.). La Monarquía de Felipe III. Madrid, Fundación Mapfre, 2008/2009 *

Archivo General de Palacio The General Archive of the Palace () is a Spanish national archive in Madrid created by Ferdinand VII in 1814 with more than 120 millions of documents from the 12th century until now. It collects, classifies and preserves all the documents from th ...

(AGP

Patrimonio Nacional Patrimonio Nacional () is a Spanish autonomous agency, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, that administers the sites owned by the Spanish State and used by the Monarch and the ...

. Sección Personal Royal households Monarchy of Spain Spanish courtiers

Historical precedents

Regime during the 19th and 20th centuries

List of ''mayordomos mayores'' (high stewards) to the Spanish monarch

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) ..., 1516–1556

Philip II, 1556–1598

Philip III, 1598–1621

Philip IV, 1621–1665

Charles II, 1665–1701

Philip V, 1701–1724

Louis I Louis I may refer to: Cardinals * Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (1527–1578) Counts * Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg (c. 1098–1158) * Louis I of Blois (1172–1205) * Louis I of Flanders (1304–1346) * Louis I of Châtillon (died 13 ..., 1724

Philip V, 1724–1746

Ferdinand VI Ferdinand VI (; 23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759), called the Learned (''el Prudente'') and the Just (''el Justo''), was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death in 1759. He was the third ruler of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. He was the ..., 1746–1759

Charles III Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. Charles was born at Buckingham Palace during the reign of his maternal grandfather, King George VI, and ..., 1759–1788

Charles IV, 1788–1808

Ferdinand VII Ferdinand VII (; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808 and then again from 1813 to his death in 1833. Before 1813 he was known as ''el Deseado'' (the Desired), and af ..., 1808 and 1814–1833

Isabella II Isabella II (, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. Isabella wa ..., 1833–1868

Amadeo I Amadeo I (; 30 May 184518 January 1890), also known as Amadeus, was an Italian prince who reigned as King of Spain from 1870 to 1873. The only king of Spain to come from the House of Savoy, he was the second son of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy an ..., 1871–1873

Alfonso XII Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 185725 November 1885), also known as ''El Pacificador'' (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 D ..., 1875–1885

Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena''; French language, French: ''Alphonse Léon Ferdinand Marie Jacques Isidore Pascal Antoine de Bourbon''; 17 May ..., 1885–1931

See also