Max Merten (8 September 1911 in

Berlin-Lichterfelde Lichterfelde () is a locality in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin, Germany. Until 2001 it was part of the former borough of Steglitz, along with Steglitz and Lankwitz. Lichterfelde is home to institutions like the Berlin Botanical Ga ...

– 21 September 1971 in

West Berlin West Berlin (german: Berlin (West) or , ) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin during the years of the Cold War. Although West Berlin was de jure not part of West Germany, lacked any sovereignty, and was under m ...

) was the ''Kriegsverwaltungsrat'' (military administration counselor) of the

Nazi German Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

occupation forces Japan was occupied and administered by the victorious Allies of World War II from the 1945 surrender of the Empire of Japan at the end of the war until the Treaty of San Francisco took effect in 1952. The occupation, led by the United States wi ...

Thessaloniki Thessaloniki (; el, Θεσσαλονίκη, , also known as Thessalonica (), Saloniki, or Salonica (), is the second-largest city in Greece, with over one million inhabitants in its Thessaloniki metropolitan area, metropolitan area, and the capi ...

in northern

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders wit ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

. He was responsible among other crimes for the deportation of Jews of the city as part of the

Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

. He was arrested during a visit to Greece in 1959, which caused a political scandal, the "Merten Affair" (Υπόθεση Μέρτεν). He was convicted in Greece and sentenced to a 25-year term as a war criminal. Pressure by

West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...

, however, led to his extradition to his homeland, where he was set free. On 28 September 1960 the West German newspapers '' Hamburger Echo'' and '' Der Spiegel'' published excerpts of Merten's deposition to the German authorities, where Merten claimed that the Greek Prime Minister

Konstantinos Karamanlis Konstantinos G. Karamanlis ( el, Κωνσταντίνος Γ. Καραμανλής, ; 8 March 1907 – 23 April 1998), commonly anglicised to Constantine Karamanlis or just Caramanlis, was a four-time prime minister and twice as the president ...

was an informer during the Nazi occupation of Greece. These statements caused a reaction by the leader of the opposition,

Georgios Papandreou Georgios Papandreou ( ''Geórgios Papandréou''; 13 February 1888 – 1 November 1968) was a Greek politician, the founder of the Papandreou political dynasty. He served three terms as prime minister of Greece (1944–1945, 1963, 1964–1 ...

, and the Greek Left against Karamanlis. Karamanlis rejected the claims as unsubstantiated and absurd. Merten's accusations against Karamanlis were never corroborated in a court of law.

Literature

* Gerrit Hamann: Die Rosenburg und der Kriegsverbrecher: Der Fall Max Merten, in: Gerd J. Nettersheim/Doron Kiesel (Hrsg.): Das Bundesministerium der Justiz und die NS-Vergangenheit. Bewertungen und Perspektiven, Göttingen 2021, S. 123–152, , . * Gerrit Hamann: Max Merten. Jurist und Kriegsverbrecher. Eine biografische Fallstudie zum Umgang mit NS-Tätern in der frühen Bundesrepublik, Göttingen 2022, , .

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Merten, Max 1911 births 1971 deaths People from Berlin The Holocaust in Thessaloniki Nazis convicted of war crimes Holocaust perpetrators in Greece Germany–Greece relations