Mauro Scoccimarro (30 October 1895 – 2 January 1972) was an Italian economist and communist politician. He was one of the founders of the

Italian Communist Party The Italian Communist Party (, PCI) was a communist and democratic socialist political party in Italy. It was established in Livorno as the Communist Party of Italy (, PCd'I) on 21 January 1921, when it seceded from the Italian Socialist Part ...

and served as the minister of finance between 1945 and 1947.

Early life and education

Scoccimarro was born in

Udine Udine ( ; ; ; ; ) is a city and (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Province of Udine, Regional decentralization entity ...

on 30 October 1895. His father was of Apulian origin and an employee of the railways. Scoccimarro graduated from Zanon Technical Institute in Udine in October 1913. He attended Ca' Foscari University of Venice and graduated with a bachelor's degree in economics and political science in 1922. He was involved in

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

and joined socialist party in 1917, but following the party congress in

Livorno Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of the Tuscany region of Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 152,916 residents as of 2025. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn ...

in 1921 he left the party to establish the Communist Party.

Career

Scoccimarro was among the Italian members of the fourth Comintern meeting held in 1922. In 1923 he was made a member of the Communist Party's secretariat together with

Antonio Gramsci Antonio Francesco Gramsci ( , ; ; 22 January 1891 – 27 April 1937) was an Italian Marxist philosophy, Marxist philosopher, Linguistics, linguist, journalist, writer, and politician. He wrote on philosophy, Political philosophy, political the ...

and Palmiro Togliatti. The same year the party leader Amadeo Bordiga was arrested, and the Comintern Executive Committee assigned a group of party members to lead the party, including Scoccimarro, Palmiro Togliatti,

Egidio Gennari Egidio Gennari (20 April 1876 – 8 April 1942) was an Italian communist politician who was among the founders of Italian Communist Party. He served at the Italian Parliament between 1924 and 1926 when he was forced to leave Italy due to the rep ...

, Angelo Tasca and Umberto Terracini. In the party Scoccimarro was part of the faction led by Antonio Gramsci. Scoccimarro was arrested by the Fascists in 1926 and was sentenced to 21 years in prison. He was released from the prison in 1937, but sent to the Island of Ponza, and then to the Island of Ventotene where he lived under police surveillance until July 1943 when the rule of

Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 un ...

, fascist leader of Italy, was toppled. Following the liberation of Rome in June 1944 Scoccimarro acted as high commissioner for the expulsion of fascists and was the minister of occupied Italy. In the latter capacity he found an opportunity to strengthen the positions of Italian communists in the northern regions of Italy. Scoccimarro's next post was minister of finance which he held between June and December 1945 in the cabinet of Ferruccio Parri and then, between December 1945 and January 1947 in the second cabinet of Alcide De Gasperi. Scoccimarro was elected as a

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

in 1948 and served there until 1972. He also served in different posts in the Communist Party. As of 1966 he was the president of the central control committee. In addition, he was vice president of the Senate from 1958 to 1972.

Death

Scoccimarro died in Rome on 2 January 1972.

Views and works

Scoccimarro was part of the Stalinist faction in the Communist Party in the early 1960s. Scoccimarro was author of the following books in addition to his other writings: * ''La Costituente e il rinnovamento nazionale'', 1946 * ''Dottrina marxista e politica comunista'', 1946 * ''Su alcuni aspetti del nostro programma'', 1946 * ''Il secondo dopoguerra'', 2 Bände, 1956 * ''Nuova democrazia'', 1958 * ''Ideologia e politica'', 1960 * ''La crisi in Alto Adige'', Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1960. * ''Antonio Gramsci'', in ''Trent'anni di storia italiana, 1915-1945. Dall'antifascismo alla Resistenza'', Torino, Einaudi, 1961. * ''Ideologia marxista e programmazione economica'', Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1965. * ''Il rinnovamento e il rafforzamento del partito'', Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1966.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Scoccimarro, Mauro 20th-century Italian economists 1895 births 1972 deaths Ca' Foscari University of Venice alumni Ministers of finance of Italy Italian anti-fascists Italian Communist Party politicians People from Udine Bonomi III Cabinet Italian resistance movement members Marxian economists Deputies of Legislature I of Italy Deputies of Legislature II of Italy Deputies of Legislature III of Italy Italian prisoners and detainees Members of the Senate of the Republic (Italy) Italian Comintern people