Maurice Pertschuk , LdH, CdeG (31 July 1921 – 29 March 1945) was a French

Special Operations Executive Special Operations Executive (SOE) was a British organisation formed in 1940 to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in German-occupied Europe and to aid local Resistance during World War II, resistance movements during World War II. ...

agent during the Second World War.

Early life

The son of Jacob Joseph Pertschuk and Ethel Muriel (née Sborowfsky), Russian-born Jews who had become British citizens after escaping pogroms, he was born in Paris on 31 July 1921. In Paris, where his father ran a fur business, Pertschuk attended the Lycée Rollin, but as the French economy worsened, in December 1933, the family moved back to England. Pertschuk finished his education in French, attending the Lycée Français in

Kensington Kensington is an area of London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, around west of Central London. The district's commercial heart is Kensington High Street, running on an east–west axis. The north-east is taken up by Kensingt ...

. The family moved back to France in 1939, where Pertschuk got a teaching certificate from the University of Lille.

World War II

That September, after England and France declared war with Germany, Pertschuk returned to London to volunteer for the British Army. By 1940 he was called up by the Royal Sussex Regiment. As a bilingual bi-cultural dual French-British national, he was recruited by the

, and joined the French Section. His younger brother Peter, who joined him in London, signed up for the

Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the Air force, air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. It was formed towards the end of the World War I, First World War on 1 April 1918, on the merger of t ...

, and was later also trained by SOE. In mid-April 1942 Pertschuk left for

Gibraltar Gibraltar ( , ) is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory and British overseas cities, city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the A ...

by submarine, and from there by the felucca "Seawolf," landing at Antibes, France, on the night of 21/22 April 1942.''Secret Flotillas: the Clandestine Sea Lines to France and French North Africa'', Brooks Richards, HMSO, 1996. Once on the ground, he connected with members of the CARTE organization, who helped him get established in Toulouse, at first as a Political Warfare Executive agent, gathering intelligence, providing instruction, distributing anti-German propaganda, leaflets and tracts. Later switching to SOE, he organized his PRUNUS network for sabotage and stocking arms, with the help of Dr. Marcel Petit, Robert Vuillemot, Lucien Fayman and Philippe de Gunzbourg. PRUNUS eventually developed cells in the Landes, Gers, Hautes Pyrenées, Haute Garonne, Lot and Lot-et-Garonne. Wireless operator Marcus Bloom later joined the group. The WHEELWRIGHT network of George Starr had no wireless operator to contact

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

and relied on help from the neighbouring PRUNUS circuit. In April 1943, Pertschuk was given a mission to blow up the Toulouse gunpowder factory at Empalot. SOE arranged for him meet a foreman working there, Robert Moog, who turned out to be a double agent working for the Abwehr. On 12 April the SD arrested Pertschuk, Bloom, and 14 of their key colleagues, and the network collapsed, though de Gunzbourg escaped and transferred to the WHEELWRIGHT network. Robert Moog then went on to arrest many key members of the Gilbert circuit, and worked closely with

Klaus Barbie Nikolaus Barbie (25 October 1913 – 25 September 1991) was a German officer of the ''Schutzstaffel'' and ''Sicherheitsdienst'' who worked in Vichy France during World War II. He became known as the "Butcher of Lyon" for having personally tortu ...

in Lyon in planning the arrest of the iconic leader of the National Council of the Resistance, Jean Moulin. Pertschuk was deported to Buchenwald, where he wrote a book of lyrical poetry he calle
"Leaves of Buchenwald."
He was executed on 29 March 1945, at age 23, thirteen days before the liberation of the camp. His poems were rescued by comrades, who published them in 1946 and again in 2003.

Recognition

Awards

* United Kingdom: MBE * France: Chevalier de la Légion d’honneur, Croix de guerre 1939-1945.

Monuments

* He is honoured at The Valençay SOE Memorial, Indre, as one of the 104 agents of section F who lost their lives for France’s liberation. * Brookwood Memorial, Surrey, panel 22 column 1. * A plaque at Buchenwald camp honours the memory of allied officers in Block 17 who were murdered between September 1944 and March 1945, including twenty SOE agents, including "Pertschuk, Lt. M.".

Early life

World War II

Recognition

Awards

Monuments

References

Further reading