Maurice Krishaber, born Krishaber Mór in Feketehegy in

Vojvodina Vojvodina ( ; sr-Cyrl, Војводина, ), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia, located in Central Europe. It lies withi ...

(

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

, now

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

) on 3 April 1836 and died in

Mulhouse Mulhouse (; ; Alsatian language, Alsatian: ''Mìlhüsa'' ; , meaning "Mill (grinding), mill house") is a France, French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the Fran ...

(France) on 10 April 1883, was a naturalised French Hungarian

otorhinolaryngologist Otorhinolaryngology ( , abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical an ...

Biography

Born into a Hungarian Jewish family, Mór Krishaber was the son of Leonore and Guillaume Krishaber. He studied medicine at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...

and the University of Prague and completed his studies in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

in 1859 where he defended a thesis on 31 August 1864, entitled: ''Considérations sur l'historique et le développement de l'encéphale'' (''Considerations on the history and development of the encephalon''). On 9 April 1872 he was naturalised as a French citizen.Certificate of naturalization
Base Léonore, Ministry of Culture (France) On 10 June 1875 he married Berthe-Elise Kullmann (1835–1883), daughter of Anna Kitz and Pierre Kullmann (a Swiss, trader in Mulhouse), widow of Jean-Charles Baumgartner, also a trader. He died on 10 April 1883, at the age of 47, just over a fortnight after his wife, of a

rheumatic fever Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammation#Disorders, inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a Streptococcal pharyngitis, streptococcal throat infection. Si ...

aggravated by double pneumonia. He is buried in the central cemetery of Mulhouse and above his grave, a plaque with a quotation in Hungarian has been affixed: "May the peace of the dreams of the dead never be disturbed, may their graves be protected from storms for centuries!"

Professional life

He became an active member of the German Medical Society in Paris on 11 May 1865. His publications, which appeared in Paris, were clearly oriented towards the ENT sphere, which he practised. He published in the Dictionary of Medical Sciences: "Diseases of the larynx" in 1868, "Diseases of singers" in 1873; and numerous writings on laryngeal tumours, tracheotomy and thyrotomy: ''Rhinoscopy'' (1875), ''Laryngopathology during the early stages of syphilis'' (1876), ''Cerebro-cardiac neuropathy'' (1873), ''Laryngeal cancer'' (1880), etc. He perfected the

tracheotomy Tracheotomy (, ), or tracheostomy, is a surgical airway management procedure which consists of making an incision on the front of the neck to open a direct airway to the trachea. The resulting stoma (hole) can serve independently as an airway ...

cannula A cannula (; Latin meaning 'little reed'; : cannulae or cannulas) is a tube that can be inserted into the body, often for the delivery or removal of fluid or for the gathering of samples. In simple terms, a cannula can surround the inner or out ...

that bears his name. He gave his name to Krishaber's disease, characterised by a combination of

tachycardia Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute is accepted as tachycardia in adults. Heart rates above the resting rate may be normal ...

vertigo Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspira ...

and

insomnia Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder where people have difficulty sleeping. They may have difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep for as long as desired. Insomnia is typically followed by daytime sleepiness, low ene ...

also known as cerebro-cardiac neuropathy and classified by

Freud Sigmund Freud ( ; ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating pathologies seen as originating from conflicts in t ...

as an "obsessive

neurosis Neurosis (: neuroses) is a term mainly used today by followers of Freudian thinking to describe mental disorders caused by past anxiety, often that has been repressed. In recent history, the term has been used to refer to anxiety-related con ...

". Maurice Krishaber, "under the category ''Cerebro-Cardiac Neuropathy'' (Névropathie Cérébro-Cardiaque) reported 38 patients showing a mixture of anxiety, fatigue and depression. Over one-third of these patients complained of baffing and unpleasant mental experiences, consisting of the loss of a feeling of reality. Krishaber suggested that these phenomena resulted from a sensory dysfunction." He proposed

depersonalization Depersonalization is a dissociative phenomenon characterized by a subjective feeling of detachment from oneself, manifesting as a sense of disconnection from one's thoughts, emotions, sensations, or actions, and often accompanied by a feeling of ...

was the result of pathological changes to the body's sensory modalities which lead to experiences of "self-strangeness" and the description of one patient who "feels that he is no longer himself". In 1874, Émile Isambert, son of François-André Isambert, opened the first laryngology clinic at Lariboisière Hospital and at his death in 1876, he was succeeded by Maurice Raynaud then by

Adrien Proust Adrien Achille Proust (18 March 1834 – 26 November 1903) was a French epidemiologist and hygienist. He was the father of novelist Marcel Proust and doctor Robert Proust. Biography He studied medicine in Paris where obtained his medical doct ...

, the writer's father, who was especially interested in hygiene and the fight against cholera, the laryngology room being directed by his assistant Krishaber. In 1875, together with and Émile Isambert, he founded the''Annales des maladies de l'oreille et du larynx (Otoscopie, laryngoscopie, rhinoscopie)''. He was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour by decree of 30 July 1878 and was awarded the

Montyon Prize The Montyon Prize () is a series of prizes awarded annually by the French Academy of Sciences and the Académie française. They are endowed by the French benefactor Baron de Montyon. History Prior to the start of the French Revolution, the B ...

for Medicine and Surgery in 1882. Eight days before his death, he received a prize of 20,000 francs from the

French Academy of Sciences The French Academy of Sciences (, ) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefron ...

for outstanding scientific discoveries.

Works

* Dans le ''Dictionnaire des Sciences médicales'' : ** ''Maladies du larynx'' (1868) ** ''Maladies des chanteurs'' (1873) * ''Rhinoscopie'' (1875) * ''Laryngopathologie pendant les premières phases de la syphilis'' (1876) * ''De la névropathie cérébro-cardiaque'' (1873) * ''Le cancer du larynx'' (1880)

Distinctions

Chevalier of the

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

by decree dated 30 July 1878.

References

External links

* * See Krishaber's definition o
''tenorini''
on Wiktionnaire in French. {{DEFAULTSORT:Krishaber, Maurice Otolaryngologists 1836 births 1883 deaths Physicians from the Austrian Empire Physicians from Austria-Hungary French physicians Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to France Knights of the Legion of Honour University of Paris alumni