''Matthiola'' () is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of flowering plant in the mustard family

Brassicaceae Brassicaceae () or (the older but equally valid) Cruciferae () is a medium-sized and economically important Family (biology), family of flowering plants commonly known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family. Most are herbaceous pla ...

. It is named after Italian naturalist

Pietro Andrea Mattioli Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (; 12 March 1501– ) was a doctor and naturalist born in Siena. His most important work was a commentary on the medicinal plants of Pedanius Dioscorides first published in 1544 which was translated into several la ...

(1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of

annual Annual may refer to: *Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year **Yearbook **Literary annual *Annual plant *Annual report *Annual giving *Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco *Annuals (band), a ...

biennial Biennial means (an event) lasting for two years or occurring every two years. The related term biennium is used in reference to a period of two years. In particular, it can refer to: * Biennial plant, a plant which blooms in its second year and t ...

and

perennial In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also ...

herbaceous plants and

subshrub A subshrub (Latin ''suffrutex'') or undershrub is either a small shrub (e.g. prostrate shrubs) or a perennial that is largely herbaceous but slightly woody at the base (e.g. garden pink and florist's chrysanthemum). The term is often interch ...

s.Jaén-Molina, R., et al. (2009
The molecular phylogeny of ''Matthiola'' R. Br.(Brassicaceae) inferred from ITS sequences, with special emphasis on the Macaronesian endemics.
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 53(3) 972–81.''Matthiola''.
Flora of China.Sanchez, J. L., et al. (2005)
Genetic differentiation of three species of ''Matthiola'' (Brassicaceae) in the Sicilian insular system.
''Plant Systematics and Evolution'' 253(1–4) 81–93. Many are cultivated for their heavily scented, colorful flowers. The common name stock may be applied to the whole genus, more specifically to

varieties Variety may refer to: Arts and entertainment Entertainment formats * Variety (radio) * Variety show, in theater and television Films * ''Variety'' (1925 film), a German silent film directed by Ewald Andre Dupont * ''Variety'' (1935 film), ...

and

cultivar A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...

s of ''

Matthiola incana ''Matthiola incana'' is a species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. Common names include Brompton stock, common stock, hoary stock, ten-week stock, and gilly-flower. The common name stock usually refers to this species, thou ...

''. The

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...

s evening stock and night-scented stock are applied to varieties of '' Matthiola longipetala'' (syn. ''M. bicornis''). The common name Virginia stock refers to a separate genus of the same family ('' Malcolmia maritima'').

Species

The following species are accepted: *'' Matthiola afghanica'' Rech.f. & Köie *''

Matthiola anchoniifolia ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Hub.-Mor. *''

Matthiola arabica ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Boiss. *''

Matthiola aspera ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Boiss. *''

Matthiola boissieri ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Grossh. *''

Matthiola bolleana ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Webb ex Christ *''

Matthiola bucharica ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Czerniak. *''

Matthiola caspica ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' (N.Busch) Grossh. *''

Matthiola chenopodiifolia ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants ...

'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. *''

Matthiola chorassanica ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual plant, annual, biennial plant, biennial an ...

'' Bunge ex Boiss. *'' Matthiola codringtonii'' Rech.f. *'' Matthiola crassifolia'' Boiss. & Gaill. *''

Matthiola czerniakowskae ''Matthiola'' () is a genus of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is named after Italian naturalist Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of annual plant, annual, biennial plant, biennial an ...

'' Botsch. & Vved. *'' Matthiola daghestanica'' (Conti) N.Busch *'' Matthiola damascena'' Boiss. *'' Matthiola dumulosa'' Boiss. & Buhse *'' Matthiola erlangeriana'' Engl. *'' Matthiola farinosa'' Bunge ex Boiss. *'' Matthiola flavida'' Boiss. *'' Matthiola fragrans'' (Fisch.) Bunge *''

Matthiola fruticulosa ''Matthiola fruticulosa'', the sad stock or dark-flowered stock, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae Brassicaceae () or (the older but equally valid) Cruciferae () is a medium-sized and economically important Family (bio ...

'' (L.) Maire – sad stock *'' Matthiola ghorana'' Rech.f. *'' Matthiola glutinosa'' Jafri *'' Matthiola graminea'' Rech.f. *''

'' (L.) W.T.Aiton – stock, hoary stock, gilly-flower *'' Matthiola integrifolia'' Kom. *'' Matthiola kralikii'' Pomel *'' Matthiola livida'' (Delile) DC. – desert stock *'' Matthiola longipetala'' (Vent.) DC. – night-scented stock *'' Matthiola lunata'' DC. *'' Matthiola macranica'' Rech.f. *''

Matthiola maderensis ''Matthiola maderensis'' is a flowering plant species of the family Brassicaceae. It is Endemism, endemic to the Madeira, Madeira Archipelago.Matthiola maroccana'' Coss. *'' Matthiola montana'' Boiss. *'' Matthiola obovata'' Bunge *'' Matthiola odoratissima'' (M.Bieb.) W.T.Aiton *'' Matthiola parviflora'' (Schousb.) W.T.Aiton *'' Matthiola perennis'' Conti *'' Matthiola perpusilla'' Rech.f. *'' Matthiola puntensis'' Hedge & A.G.Mill. *'' Matthiola revoluta'' Bunge ex Boiss. *'' Matthiola robusta'' Bunge *'' Matthiola scapifera'' Humbert *'' Matthiola shehbazii'' Ranjbar & Karami *'' Matthiola shiraziana'' Zeraatkar, Khosravi, F.Ghahrem., Al-Shehbaz & Assadi *''

Matthiola sinuata ''Matthiola sinuata'', commonly known as sea stock, is a coastal plant in the family Brassicaceae. A short-lived (biennial) herbaceous plant, growing to 60 cm in height. It does not spread vegetatively. It grows on the shore, on new sand d ...

'' (L.) W.T.Aiton – sea stock *'' Matthiola spathulata'' Conti *'' Matthiola stoddartii'' Bunge *'' Matthiola superba'' Conti *'' Matthiola tatarica'' (Pall.) DC. *'' Matthiola taurica'' (Conti) Grossh. *'' Matthiola tianschanica'' Sarkisova *'' Matthiola tomentosa'' Bél. *'' Matthiola torulosa'' (Thunb.) DC. *'' Matthiola tricuspidata'' (L.) W.T.Aiton – three-horned stock *'' Matthiola trojana'' Dirmenci, Satil & Tümen

Gallery

File:Matthiola afghanica, Behbahan.jpg, alt=Wild Matthiola in Behbahan, Iran, Wild ''Matthiola'' in

Behbahan Behbahan () is a city in the Central District of Behbahan County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology The origin of word 'Behbahan' can be traced back to two distinct ideas. Accord ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

File:Matthiola afghanica II, Behbahan.jpg, alt=Wild Matthiola in Behbahan, Iran, Wild ''Matthiola'' in Behbahan, Iran

References

Bibliography

External links

''Matthiola''.
Flora of Pakistan.
JSTOR Plant Science entries
Brassicaceae genera {{Brassicales-stub