''Matthew'' was a caravel sailed by John Cabot in 1497 from

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, North America. There are two modern replicas – one in

, England (built 1994–1996) and one in Bonavista, Newfoundland (built 1997–1998).

Cabot's original voyages

The captain of the ''Matthew'' was an Italian explorer named Giovanni Caboto who is better known as John Cabot. After a voyage which had got no further than

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, Cabot left again with only one vessel, the ''Matthew'', a small ship (50 tons), but fast and able. The crew consisted of only 18 men. The ''Matthew'' departed 2 May 1497. He sailed to Dursey Head (

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51°36N), Ireland, from where he sailed due west, expecting to reach Asia. However, landfall was reached in North America on 24 June 1497. His precise landing place is a matter of much controversy, with Cape Bonavista or St. John's in

the most likely sites. There is a statue of John Cabot located on the Cape of Bonavista, Newfoundland in his honour. Cabot went ashore to take possession of the land, and explored the coast for some time, probably departing on 20 July. On the homeward voyage his sailors incorrectly thought they were going too far north, so Cabot sailed a more southerly course, reaching

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instead of England. On 6 August he arrived back in

Historic information

Lack of clear documentation has been a problem in studying the history of ''Matthew''. Even its name has been questioned, with some authors suggesting that it was actually named ''Mattea'' after Cabot's wife. Until the 1950s, all that was known about its size is that it was a small ship carrying about 18 men, but the discovery of a letter from a Bristol merchant named John Day written in 1497 saying that "in his voyage he had only one ship of fifty 'toneles' and twenty men and food for seven or eight months" provided more certainty about its size.'Jones, Evan "The ''Matthew'' of Bristol and the financiers of John Cabot’s 1497 Voyage to North America" ''English Historical Review'' Vol. CXXI No. 492 (2006)'
/ref> The age of the ship is also uncertain. The name ''Matthew'' does not appear in the 1492/3 customs accounts, so it was either fairly new or an older ship renamed or a foreign ship. It has been suggested that it probably was an ordinary Bristol merchant ship hired for the occasion. The name ''Matthew'' appears in documents in 1503/04 and 1510/11 but in a 1513 survey there is reference to a 'new Matthew' and references to this ship afterward leave out the 'new' suggesting that Cabot's ''Matthew'' no longer existed.

Bristol replica

To celebrate the 500th anniversary of Cabot's voyage, a replica of ''Matthew'' was built in Bristol by Storms'l Services, a precursor of the Bristol Classic Boat Company. The design was by naval architect

Colin Mudie Colin Mudie (11 April 1926 – 11 March 2020) was an Edinburgh-born yacht designer, author, naval historian, balloonist, and advocate for the handicapped sailor. He studied engineering at Southampton University, before working under yacht designers ...

. It took two years to complete the replica and cost $3.8 million. She was dedicated in a ceremony during the first International Festival of the Sea, held in Bristol's Floating Harbour in 1996. The next year, she reconstructed Cabot's original journey on the 500th anniversary of the landmark voyage. On 24 June 1997 the replica of ''Matthew'' was welcomed into port at Bonavista by Queen

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 19268 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II, her death in 2022. ...

. The Matthew is owned by Bristol Trust, which is a registered charity and all money raised goes towards maintaining the ship and her legacy. The full-size replica is in length overall with a beam of with a draft of and of sail. This replica is made from oak and Douglas fir and has a diesel engine and a ship radio that would not have been available in the medieval times. On 29 February 2012 ''Matthews ownership was transferred to The Matthew of Bristol Trust, a registered charity, and she was relocated to her new home outside Bristol's M Shed museum. In June 2012 she took part in the Queen's Diamond Jubilee pageant on the

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Bonavista replica

The Bonavista replica () was built in 1997–98 by a team of seven shipwrights and four local carpenters. The second replica was paid for by the provincial government and so was an interpretation centre for the 500th anniversary. Currently the vessel is undergoing repairs so she can sail again. There are tours for this replica that take place at the Bonavista harbour where individuals can learn more about Cabot's voyage and see the inside of the replica ship.

References

External links