''Calliophis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

venomous Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a sti ...

elapid Elapidae (, commonly known as elapids ; grc, ἔλλοψ ''éllops'' "sea-fish") is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth. Most elapids are venomous, with the exception of the genus Emydoceph ...

snake Snakes are elongated, Limbless vertebrate, limbless, carnivore, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other Squamata, squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping Scale (zoology), scales. Ma ...

s, one of several known commonly as oriental

coral snake Coral snakes are a large group of elapid snakes that can be divided into two distinct groups, the Old World coral snakes and New World coral snakes. There are 16 species of Old World coral snakes, in three genera (''Calliophis'', '' Hemibungarus' ...

s or Asian coral snakes.

Species

Species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

in this genus are: * ''

Calliophis beddomei Beddome's coral snake (''Calliophis beddomei)'' is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to hills of peninsular India. Etymology ''C. beddomei'' is named after Richard Henry Beddome (1830-1911), British arm ...

'' ( M.A. Smith, 1943) – Beddome's coral snake (

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

) * ''

Calliophis bibroni ''Calliophis bibroni'', commonly known as Bibron's coral snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to India. Etymology The specific name, ''bibroni'', is in honor of Gabriel Bibron (1806–1848), Fre ...

'' (

Jan Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Num ...

, 1858) – Bibron's coral snake (India) * ''

Calliophis bilineatus ''Calliophis'' is a genus of venomous elapid snakes, one of several known commonly as oriental coral snakes or Asian coral snakes. Species Species in this genus are: * ''Calliophis beddomei'' ( M.A. Smith, 1943) – Beddome's coral snake (I ...

'' (

Peters Peters may refer to: People * Peters (surname) * Peters Band, a First Nations band in British Columbia, Canada Places United States * Peters, California, a census-designated place * Peters, Florida, a town * Peters Township, Kingman County, Kansas ...

, 1881) – Two-stripped coral snake (

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

) * ''

Calliophis bivirgatus ''Calliophis bivirgatus'' is a species of snake in the family Elapidae known commonly as the blue coral snake or blue Malayan coral snake.

'' ( F. Boie, 1827) – Blue Malaysian coral snake (

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

) * ''

Calliophis castoe ''Calliophis castoe'', or Castoe's coral snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to Western Ghats in western peninsular India. Etymology ''C. castoe'' is named after biologist, Todd A. Castoe. G ...

'' E.N. Smith, Ogale, Deepak & Giri, 2012 – Castoe’s coral snake (India) * ''

Calliophis gracilis ''Calliophis gracilis'', is a species of coral snake in the family Elapidae. References

Calliophis, gracilis Reptiles of Thailand Reptiles of Indonesia Reptiles of the Malay Peninsula Reptiles described in 1835 Taxa named by John Edwa ...

Gray Grey (more common in British English) or gray (more common in American English) is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is "without color", because it can be composed o ...

, 1835 – Spotted coral snake (

) *''

Calliophis haematoetron ''Calliophis haematoetron'', commonly known as the blood-bellied coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, na ...

'' E.N. Smith, Manamendra-Arachchi & Somweera, 2008 – Blood-bellied coral snake (Sri Lanka) * ''

Calliophis intestinalis ''Calliophis intestinalis'', commonly known as the banded Malayan coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to Southeast Asia. Geographic range ''C. intestinalis'' is found in Borneo, Indonesia, Java, and Malaysia. Venom This ...

'' (

Laurenti Laurenti is a surname. It may refer to: People *Adolfo Laurenti (1856-1944), Italian sculptor *Camillo Laurenti (1861–1938), Italian cardinal *Cesare Laurenti (engineer), Italian designer of submarines influencing HMS ''Swordfish'' (1916) *Cesar ...

, 1768) – Banded Malaysian coral snake (

) * ''

Calliophis maculiceps ''Calliophis maculiceps'', commonly known as the speckled coral snake or the small-spotted coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to Southeast Asia. Five subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. Geo ...

'' ( Günther, 1858) – Speckled coral snake (

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...

) * ''

Calliophis melanurus ''Calliophis melanurus'', commonly known as the slender coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Two subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. Geographic range It is found i ...

'' (

Shaw Shaw may refer to: Places Australia *Shaw, Queensland Canada *Shaw Street, a street in Toronto England *Shaw, Berkshire, a village *Shaw, Greater Manchester, a location in the parish of Shaw and Crompton *Shaw, Swindon, a List of United Kingdom ...

, 1802) – Slender coral snake, Indian coral snake (India,

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

, Sri Lanka) * ''

Calliophis nigrescens ''Calliophis nigriscens'', commonly known as the black coral snake or striped coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to the Western Ghats, India. Geographic range It is found in India in the Western Ghats, Karwar, Wayanad, ...

'' (Günther, 1862) – Black coral snake (India) * '' Calliophis nigrotaeniatus'' (Peters, 1863) – banded Malaysian coral snake, striped coral snake (Indonesia, Malaysia ) * '' Calliophis philippinus'' (Günther, 1864) – Philippine coral snake (the Philippines) * ''

Calliophis salitan ''Calliophis salitan'' is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. It is endemic to the Philippines and known from Dinagat Island and Mindanao; the former is based on a small number of recent records whereas the latter is based on a m ...

'' (Brown, Smart, Leviton, & Smith, 2018) – Dinagat Island banded coral snake (the Philippines) * '' Calliophis suluensis'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...

, 1891) – Sulu Islands banded coral snake (the Philippines) ''

Nota bene (, or ; plural form ) is a Latin phrase meaning "note well". It is often abbreviated as NB, n.b., or with the ligature and first appeared in English writing . In Modern English, it is used, particularly in legal papers, to draw the atten ...

'': A

binomial authority In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Calliophis''.

Taxonomy

The former '' Calliophis calligaster'', the barred coral snake (

), is now in the genus ''

Hemibungarus ''Hemibungarus'' is a genus of venomous elapid snakes commonly known as barred coral snakes. Distribution ''Hemibungarus'' species are endemic to the Philippines. Species *Barred coral snake, ''Hemibungarus calligaster'' ( Wiegmann, 1835) ...

''. Both Kellogg's coral snake (formerly ''C. kelloggi'' ) (

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

) and MacClelland's coral snake (formerly ''C. macclellandi'' ) are now in the

Sinomicrurus ''Sinomicrurus'' is a genus of venomous elapid snakes, one of several genera commonly known as Asian coral snakes or oriental coral snakes. The genus includes 9 subtropical species found in Asia. Molecular and morphological analysis suggest this ...

''.

Behaviour

Snakes of the genus ''Calliophis'' are semi

fossorial A fossorial () animal is one adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, meerkats, and mole salamanders, as well as many beetles, wasps, and bees. Prehistoric eviden ...

. Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR. 1978. ''Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition''. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. . (Genus ''Callophis'' ic p. 331).

References

External links

* Snake genera Taxa named by John Edward Gray {{Elapidae-stub

Species

Taxonomy

Behaviour

References

Further reading

External links