Mathias-Marie Duval (7 February 1844 – 28 February 1907) was a French professor of

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its ...

and

histology Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures vi ...

born in

Grasse Grasse (; Provençal oc, Grassa in classical norm or in Mistralian norm ; traditional it, Grassa) is the only subprefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur region on the French Riviera. In 2017, the co ...

. He was the son of botanist Joseph Duval-Jouve (1810–1883).

Biography

He studied medicine in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...

, and later served as

prosector A prosector is a person with the special task of preparing a dissection for demonstration, usually in medical schools or hospitals. Many important anatomists began their careers as prosectors working for lecturers and demonstrators in anatomy and ...

Strassburg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label= Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the E ...

. In 1873 he became agrégé, subsequently becoming director of the

anthropological Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behavi ...

laboratory at the École des Hautes Etudes and an anatomy professor at the École Supérieur des Beaux-Arts. In 1885 he replaced

Charles-Philippe Robin Charles-Philippe Robin (4 June 1821 – 6 October 1885) was a French anatomist, biologist, and histologist born in Jasseron, département Ain. He studied medicine in Paris, and while still a student took a scientific journey with Hermann Lebert ...

(1821–1895) as professor of histology at the medical faculty in Paris. In 1892 he became a member of the

Académie de Médecine An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosop ...

. He was also a member of the

International Society for the History of Medicine The International Society for the History of Medicine is a non profit international society devoted to the academic study of the history of medicine, including the organization of international congresses. The Society was founded in 1920 in Belgium ...

. Duval is remembered for research involving

placental Placental mammals (infraclass Placentalia ) are one of the three extant subdivisions of the class Mammalia, the other two being Monotremata and Marsupialia. Placentalia contains the vast majority of extant mammals, which are partly distinguishe ...

development in mice and rats, and was the first to identify

trophoblast The trophoblast (from Greek : to feed; and : germinator) is the outer layer of cells of the blastocyst. Trophoblasts are present four days after fertilization in humans. They provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the pl ...

invasion in

rodents Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...

. With Austrian-American

gynecologist Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the area of medicine that involves the treatment of women's diseases, especially those of the reproductive organs. It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, forming the combined ar ...

Walter Schiller (1887–1960), Schiller Duval bodies are named, which are structures found in endodermal sinus tumors.

Selected writings

* ''Sur la structure et usages de la rétine''. Thesis for agrégé- 1873 * ''Manuel du microscopie''. 1873, second edition- 1877. * ''Précis de technique microscopique et histologique, ou introduction pratique à l’anatomie générale''. (with an introduction by Charles-Philippe Robin). Paris, J.-B. Baillière et fils, 1878. 315 pages. * ''Précis de l'anatomie à l'usage des artistes'', 1881. * ''Leçons sur la physiologie du système nerveux'', 1883. * ''Le placenta des rongeurs.'' Journal de l'anatomie et de la physiologie normales et pathologiques de l'homme et des animaux, Paris, 1891, 27: 24–73, 344–395, 513–612. * ''Le placenta des rongeurs''. Paris, Felix Alcan, 1892. * ''Précis d'histologie'', Paris, 1897, 1900. * ''Histoire d'anatomie plastique: les maîtres, les livres et les échorchès'', (With Edouard Coyer). Paris: Picard & Kann, 1898.Bibliography of Mathias-Marie Duval
at

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

References

''Mathias-Marie Duval''
@

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duval, Mathias-Marie 1844 births 1907 deaths People from Grasse Academic staff of the University of Paris French anatomists French histologists

Biography

Selected writings

See also

References