''Mastrevirus'' is a genus of ssDNA

viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almo ...

, in the family ''

Geminiviridae ''Geminiviridae'' is a family of plant viruses that encode their genetic information on a circular genome of single-stranded (ss) DNA. The family contains 15 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: bright yellow mosaic, yellow mosa ...

''. Mostly

monocotyledonous Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, ( Lilianae ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are flowering plants whose seeds contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. A monocot taxon has been in use for several decades, but with various ranks an ...

plants serve as natural hosts. They are vectored by

planthopper A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment ...

s. There are 50 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: maize streak virus: maize streak disease (MSD).

Capsid proteins

''Mastreviruses'' have an unusually diverse range of capsid proteins among the Geminiviridae. While all other

genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

have species with essentially identical proteins (and their producing genetic sequences) among themselves, ''Mastrevirus'' has seven protein clusters and three species that each constitute their own.

Structure

Viruses in ''Mastrevirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 22 nm, with a length of 38 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented, around 2.6-2.8kb in length.

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (

leafhopper Leafhopper is the common name for any species from the family (biology), family Cicadellidae: based on the type genus ''Cicadella''. These minute insects, colloquially known as hoppers, are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or ...

). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species: * ''Mastrevirus arietini'', Chickpea chlorosis Australia virus * ''Mastrevirus avenae'', Oat dwarf virus * ''Mastrevirus axonopi'', Axonopus compressus streak virus * ''Mastrevirus bothriochloae'', Bothriochloa barbinodis associated virus * ''Mastrevirus bourbonense'', Maize streak Reunion virus * ''Mastrevirus brachypodiumprimi'', Brachypodium phoenicoides associated virus 1 * ''Mastrevirus brachypodiumsecundi'', Brachypodium phoenicoides associated virus 2 * ''Mastrevirus bromi'', Bromus catharticus striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus chloris'', Chloris striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus cicerosis'', Chickpea chlorosis virus * ''Mastrevirus cicerparvi'', Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus * ''Mastrevirus ciliaris'', Digitaria ciliaris striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus didactylae'', Digitaria didactyla striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus digitariae'', Digitaria streak virus * ''Mastrevirus dilatati'', Paspalum dilatatum striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus eleusinae'', Eleusine indica associated virus * ''Mastrevirus eragrostis'', Eragrostis streak virus * ''Mastrevirus eragrostisminoris'', Eragrostis minor streak virus * ''Mastrevirus erythrodiplaxis'', Dragonfly-associated mastrevirus virus * ''Mastrevirus flavaparvi'', Chickpea yellow dwarf virus * ''Mastrevirus flavi'', Chickpea yellows virus * ''Mastrevirus fulleri'', Maize streak dwarfing virus * ''Mastrevirus hordei'', Wheat dwarf virus * ''Mastrevirus ipomoeae'', Sweet potato symptomless virus 1 * ''Mastrevirus melenis'', Melenis repens associated virus * ''Mastrevirus miscanthi'', Miscanthus streak virus * ''Mastrevirus nomiae'', Nomiamastrel virus * ''Mastrevirus oryzaprimi'', Rice latent virus 1 * ''Mastrevirus oryzasecundi'', Rice latent virus 2 * ''Mastrevirus panici'', Panicum streak virus * ''Mastrevirus paspali'', Paspalum striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus rubrumprimi'', Chickpea redleaf virus * ''Mastrevirus rubrumsecundi'', Chickpea redleaf virus 2 * ''Mastrevirus sacchari'', Saccharum streak virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharofficinari'', Sugarcane streak virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharumalbusvenae'', Sugarcane white streak virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharumbourbonense'', Sugarcane streak Reunion virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharumegyptense'', Sugarcane streak Egypt virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharumpallidi'', Sugarcane chlorotic streak virus * ''Mastrevirus saccharumstriati'', Sugarcane striate virus * ''Mastrevirus sorghi'', Sorghum arundinaceum associated virus * ''Mastrevirus sporoboprimi'', Sporolobus striate mosaic virus 1 * ''Mastrevirus sporobosecundi'', Sporolobus striate mosaic virus 2 * ''Mastrevirus storeyi'', Maize streak virus * ''Mastrevirus striatis'', Maize striate mosaic virus * ''Mastrevirus tabaci'', Tobacco yellow dwarf virus * ''Mastrevirus tritici'', Wheat dwarf India virus * ''Mastrevirus urochloae'', Urochloa streak virus * ''Mastrevirus urochloareunionense'', Urochloa decumbens associated virus * ''Mastrevirus virgati'', Switchgrass mosaic-associated virus

References

External links

Viralzone: Mastrevirus

ICTV
{{Taxonbar, from=Q16908604 Geminiviridae Virus genera