''Marumba gaschkewitschii'' is a species of

moth Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not Butterfly, butterflies. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is Paraphyly, paraphyletic with respect to butterflies (s ...

of the family

Sphingidae The Sphingidae are a family of moths commonly called sphinx moths, also colloquially known as hawk moths, with many of their caterpillars known as hornworms. It includes about 1,450 species. It is best represented in the tropics, but species ar ...

first described by

Otto Vasilievich Bremer Otto Vasilievich Bremer (died 11 November 1873) was a Russian naturalist and entomologist. He wrote: *''Beiträge zur Schmetterlings-fauna des Nödrlichen China's'' (1853) with Vasilii Fomich Grey (William Grey). *"Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibir ...

and William (Wasilii) Grey in 1853. It is found in eastern Asia (see subspecies section).

Description

The

wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingsp ...

is 70–92 mm. Marumba gaschkewitschii echephron MHNT CUT 2010 0 51 female 奥新保 Okushinbo Japan dorsal.jpg, Female ''M. g. echephron'' Marumba gaschkewitschii echephron MHNT CUT 2010 0 51 female 奥新保 Okushinbo Japan ventral.jpg, Female ''M. g. echephron'', underside Marumba gaschkewitschii echephron MHNT CUT 2010 0 51 Male dorsal.jpg, Male ''M. g. echephron'' Marumba gaschkewitschii echephron MHNT CUT 2010 0 51 Male ventral.jpg, Male ''M. g. echephron'', underside

Biology

Adults are on wing from mid-May to late August in Korea. There are one to three generations per year. Larvae have been recorded on '' Eriobotrya japonica'' and various ''

Malus ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 32–57 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples. The genus i ...

'', ''

Prunus ''Prunus'' is a genus of flowering plant, flowering trees and shrubs from the family (biology), family Rosaceae. The genus includes plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots and almonds (collectively Drupe, stonefruit). The genus has a cosm ...

'' and ''

Pyrus Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus ''Pyrus'' , in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the sa ...

'' species. It is considered a pest on ''

Prunus mume ''Prunus mume'', the Chinese plum or Japanese apricot, is a tree species in the family Rosaceae. Along with bamboo, the plant is intimately associated with art, literature, and everyday life in China, from where it was then introduced to Kor ...

''. Most host plants are from the family

Rosaceae Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus '' Rosa''. The family includes herbs, shrubs, and trees. Most species are deciduous, but som ...

, but there are also records for subspecies ''M. g. irata'' feeding on ''

Salix Willows, also called sallows and osiers, of the genus ''Salix'', comprise around 350 species (plus numerous hybrids) of typically deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions. Most species are known ...

''. There are also confirmed records on ''

Ziziphus mauritiana ''Ziziphus mauritiana'', also known as Indian jujube, Indian plum, Chinese date, Chinese apple, ber and dunks is a tropical fruit tree species belonging to the family Rhamnaceae. It is often confused with the closely related jujube, Chinese ju ...

'' and ''

Prunus armeniaca ''Prunus armeniaca'' is the most commonly cultivated apricot species. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation. Genetic studies indicate Central Asia is the center of origin. It is extensively cultivat ...

''.

Subspecies

*''Marumba gaschkewitschii gaschkewitschii'' (lowlands of eastern China, from Beijing and Shandong south to the Yangtze River) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii complacens'' (central and south-eastern China, from Ningxia and Shaanxi south to Sichuan, then east to Shanghai, Zhejiang and Fujian and south through Guangdong, Hong Kong and Guangxi to northern Vietnam) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii echephron'' (Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Yakushima)) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii carstanjeni'' (south-eastern Russian Far East, Khabarovsk Kray, Kamchatka; Primorskiy Kray, Korean Peninsula, north-eastern China, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Beijing) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii irata'' (Nepal, through north-eastern India and southern Tibet to Yunnan and northern Vietnam) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii gressitti'' (Nantou Hsien, Puli, Hualien Hsien, Taroko National Park) *''Marumba gaschkewitschii discreta'' (Transbaikalia, Chita (Edinenie, Onon River), central and western Mongolia (Hovd Province), Övö-Hangaj Province (Hovd), Vostochnyy Aimak) Marumba gaschkewitschii gressitti MHNT CUT 2010 0 61 Wu She Taiwan female dorsal.jpg, Female ''M. g. gressitti'' Marumba gaschkewitschii gressitti MHNT CUT 2010 0 61 Wu She Taiwan female ventral.jpg, Female ''M. g. gressitti'', underside Marumba gaschkewitschii carstanjeni MHNT CUT 2010 0 123 Harbin Heilongjiang China dorsal.jpg, Male ''M. g. carstanjeni'' Marumba gaschkewitschii carstanjeni MHNT CUT 2010 0 123 Harbin Heilongjiang China ventral.jpg, Male ''M. g. carstanjeni'', underside Marumba gaschkewitschii gressitti MHNT CUT 2010 0 61 Taiwan male dorsal.jpg, Male ''M. g. gressitti'' Marumba gaschkewitschii gressitti MHNT CUT 2010 0 61 Taiwan male ventral.jpg, Male ''M. g. gressitti'', underside

References

External links

* Marumba Moths described in 1853 Moths of Japan Taxa named by Otto Vasilievich Bremer {{Smerinthini-stub