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Dedduwa Jayathungalage "D.J." Siripala ( Sinhala: දෙද්දුවා ජයතුංගලාගේ සිරිපාල; 1949 – August 7, 1975), also known by the
pseudonym A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true meaning ( orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individual's o ...
Maru Sira (''Maru: deadly, Sira'': Short form of Siripala), was a
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
n young criminal and bandit active from the late 1960s until the mid 1970s. He was on death row following a conviction for a serial murder. His controversial execution (hanging) led to many debates by creating the popular question ''"kill by hanging or hang after killing"''. Siripala achieved fame through several prison escapes while his romance with Ranmanika made his story memorable.


Early life

Siripala was born to a native Sinhala-Buddhist family in Sri Lanka. D.J. David Appuhamai and L. Punchi Nona had seven children, five sons, and two daughters. D.J Siripala was the sixth child born in 1948, (''exact month and day of his birthday are unknown''). They lived in Milla Gaha Watta, Liyangoda,
Pannipitiya Pannampitiya (, ) is a suburb of Colombo District. It is an area in Colombo District, Sri Lanka and is located about from the commercial capital. Pannipitiya is subdivided into a number of smaller areas. Areas in Pannipitiya *Pannipitiya Junct ...
in
Colombo Colombo, ( ; , ; , ), is the executive and judicial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka by population. The Colombo metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of 5.6 million, and 752,993 within the municipal limits. It is the ...
District. Liyanagoda was a rural village in the late 1940s, he grew up in a strongly religious family culture. Being a youngster in an extended family Siripala received care from his brothers and sisters, especially his eldest brother took care of his young brothers and sisters as their father worked away from home. Siripala's father was an attendant in a home for the elderly in
Anuradhapura Anuradhapura (, ; , ) is a major city located in the north central plain of Sri Lanka. It is the capital city of North Central Province, Sri Lanka, North Central Province and the capital of Anuradhapura District. The city lies north of the cur ...
district. Siripala started schooling at Vidyadana Vidyalaya (a small school in his village).


Debut as a criminal

Siripala started his life in Anurdapura Town as a teenage gangster as he lost his family's care. In the late 1950s, Siripala initially made his living as a manual
laborer A laborer ( or labourer) is a person who works in manual labor typed within the construction industry. There is a generic factory laborer which is defined separately as a factory worker. Laborers are in a working class of wage-earners in whic ...
in the Anuradhapura town area.In the mid-1960s, he has become a member of a gang in Anuradhapura. The gang was known for juvenile crimes such as looting, pickpocketing and drinking illicit liquor.


Family life

Siripala met Ranmanika in the early 1970s. Ranmanika was a widow with seven children, her husband had died of a snake bite. Ranmanika decided to sell illicit liquor to make her living. Siripala's frequent visits to her liquor cache made an intimacy between them which later turned into a love. Ranmainka (born 1944) was four years older than Siripala. Though they never married, they had a strong relationship as husband and wife. Ranmenika gave birth to Siripala's daughter in 1975. He never knew that Ranmanika was pregnant with his daughter, by the time he had been convicted for a murder and was in the death row. He escaped the prison for the third time to see his daughter who was three days old.


Death

Siripala made his third prison escape successfully three days after his daughter's birth in 1975. His trial was taken up ''in absentia'' for murdering a man in March 1974. After the trial, the court prescribed the death penalty. He escaped from prison, but soon afterward prison authorities captured him in a hideout, but he had already visited his newly born daughter. Following his conviction, prison authorities placed him on death row. Siripala was hanged on August 5, 1975, at Bogambara Prison in
Kandy Kandy (, ; , ) is a major city located in the Central Province, Sri Lanka, Central Province of Sri Lanka. It was the last capital of the Sinhalese monarchy from 1469 to 1818, under the Kingdom of Kandy. The city is situated in the midst of ...
.


Controversy over Siripala's death

On the night before the execution (August 4, 1975), the prison authorities gave Siripala a strong dose of sedatives ( Largactil) to prevent another escape attempt and keep him calm. The sedatives caused Siripala to collapse into a state of unconsciousness and lifelessness from which he did not recover. Prison authorities were unable to formally prepare him for the execution. Hence, they carried him to the gallows on a stretcher and laid him on the trapdoor. The noose was then placed around his neck and the executioner (''hangman'') opened the trapdoor. Due to the shortfall (2 ft. 2 in.) caused by his slumped position, Siripala died from slow
strangulation Strangling or strangulation is compression of the neck that may lead to unconsciousness or death by causing an increasingly hypoxic state in the brain by restricting the flow of oxygen through the trachea. Fatal strangulation typically occurs ...
. If he had been standing, he would have died instantly from a
cervical fracture A cervical fracture, commonly called a broken neck, is a fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck. Examples of common causes in humans are traffic collisions and diving into shallow water. Abnormal movement of neck bones or pie ...
. During that prison process of Siripala's execution, Ranmanika who was waiting outside at the prison doors ran along the streets in Kandy city yelling "my husband was killed and hanged".


Aftermath

News of Siripala's controversial death led to public outrage and controversy. The then president appointed a committee to look into the controversies created by Siripala's death on gallows. His death affected the debate on capital punishment in Sri Lanka.


Siripala's skull

The Medical Faculty of Ruhuna University keeps Siripala's head as an exhibit. As family members of Siripala mentioned (as of 2021), medical authorities keep his head without the consent of the family members of Siripala. It is believed that his head was removed from his body during the exhumation for the autopsy and judicial-medical purposes following the Presidential Committee (in 1976?).


In popular culture


''Siripala and Ranmenika'' (සිරිපාල සහ රන්මැනිකා)

Was a popular Sinhala movie produced in 1978, following the story of Siripala and Ranmanica. It depicts the life events Siripala encounters in his short life.


''Living with the Killer (Marūwā smaga Wāsē'') (මරුවා සමග වාසේ)

''Living with the Killer/one who makes the death (Marūwā)'' is the motto Siripala had tattooed on his chest. Marūwā smaga Wāsē' was a popular Sinhala movie produced in 1978. It depicts Siripala's aggressive behavior in terms of his plights and reactions towards what he encounters in his life.


''Song''

Popular 1970s Sinhala Baila singer
Anton Jones Anton Jones ( Sinhala: ඇන්ටන් ජෝන්ස්; 3 June 1937 – 21 February 2016) was a Sri Lankan singer and songwriter. Considered as a prominent Baila singer in Sri Lanka, Jones had several hits, including ''Mini Gawuma'' and '' ...
wrote and sang a song that questions the epic death of young Siripala. Song raises the question was he "killed by hanging or hanged after killing". In the present popular social culture this question is used as a slogan, quote in social expressions to insinuate injustice, illegality, or unfairness.


Marusira and Sira

The terms ''Maru Sira or Sira'' have become popular expressions in the contemporary social media. Young generation use these terms to express their feelings or views. These terms are often used regarding social issues, crimes, and anger. The terms are used to communicate social disparity and annoyance. For instance, the term Maru Sira has over 234,000 (as of 2021) entries in the Google search engine. Media platforms such as Facebook have many personal profiles, pages, and groups named ''Maru Sira or Sira''.


References


Further references

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sira, Maru People sentenced to death in absentia People executed for murder Executed Sri Lankan people 20th-century executions by Sri Lanka 1975 deaths People executed by Sri Lanka by hanging Sri Lankan escapees Escapees from Sri Lankan detention Sri Lankan people convicted of murder People convicted of murder by Sri Lanka People from British Ceylon 1948 births