Martin Giles Palmer (born 14 October 1953) is a
theologian
Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of ...
,
Sinologist
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilizatio ...
, author and international specialist on all major
faith
Faith is confidence or trust in a person, thing, or concept. In the context of religion, faith is " belief in God or in the doctrines or teachings of religion".
According to the Merriam-Webster's Dictionary, faith has multiple definitions, inc ...
s and
religious
Religion is a range of social- cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural ...
tradition
A tradition is a system of beliefs or behaviors (folk custom) passed down within a group of people or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. A component of cultural expressions and folklore, common e ...
s and
culture
Culture ( ) is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and Social norm, norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, Social norm, customs, capabilities, Attitude (psychology), attitudes ...
s. He is the Founding President and Chief Executive o
FaithInvest an international not-for-profit membership association for religious groups and faith-based institutional
investor
An investor is a person who allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future Return on capital, return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of pr ...
s, which empowers faith groups to invest in line with their values. FaithInvest grew out of the
Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC) of which Palmer was Secretary General from 1995 to 2019. Palmer is also the Director of the International Consultancy on Religion, Education and Culture (ICOREC).
Career
Palmer is the author and editor of more than 20 books on religious and environmental topics and the translator of several popular books on
Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization p ...
, including ''
Zhuangzi'' and ''
I Ching
The ''I Ching'' or ''Yijing'' ( ), usually translated ''Book of Changes'' or ''Classic of Changes'', is an ancient Chinese divination text that is among the oldest of the Chinese classics. The ''I Ching'' was originally a divination manual in ...
''. His 2001 book ''The Jesus Sutras'', a translation of the
Jingjiao Documents, gives a popular and controversial interpretation of early
Chinese Christianity as ‘
syncretistic’. In 2018, Palmer's abridged translation of ''
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
''Romance of the Three Kingdoms'' () is a 14th-century historical novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong. It is set in the turbulent years towards the end of the Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history, starting in 184 AD and ...
'' was published by
Penguin Classics
Penguin Classics is an imprint (trade name), imprint of Penguin Books under which classic works of literature are published in English language, English, Spanish language, Spanish, Portuguese language, Portuguese, and Korean language, Korean amon ...
.
An
Anglican
Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christianity, Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the ...
Christian, Palmer studied theology and religious studies at
Cambridge University
The University of Cambridge is a Public university, public collegiate university, collegiate research university in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1209, the University of Cambridge is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, wo ...
. He is a regular contributor to the
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
on religious,
ethical
Ethics is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. Also called moral philosophy, it investigates normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. Its main branches include normative ethics, applied e ...
and historical issues. He appears regularly on BBC Radio 3 and 4,
BBC World Service
The BBC World Service is a British Public broadcasting, public service broadcaster owned and operated by the BBC. It is the world's largest external broadcaster in terms of reception area, language selection and audience reach. It broadcas ...
and BBC TV as a presenter, and is also a contributor to programmes such as ''
In Our Time'', ''
Thought for the Day'', ''
Night Waves'',
''Beyond Belief'' and ''
Songs of Praise
''Songs of Praise'' is a BBC Television religious programme that presents Christian hymns, worship songs and inspirational performances in churches of varying denominations from around the UK alongside interviews and stories reflecting how Ch ...
''. He appeared on the BBC World Service for a week-long China series in October 2007.
In 2009 Palmer was co-chair of a joint ARC-UNDP programme on the faiths, climate change and the environment, which launched a series of majo
faith commitments on the environmentat Windsor Castle in November 2009 followed by a further commitments launched in Nairobi, Kenya. In total, more than 60 faith long-term commitments were developed which have profoundly shaped the faiths' response to key environmental issues. In 2020, FaithInvest began a programme
Faith Plans building on the 2009 commitments, asking the faiths to consider how they will manage their assets, investments, influence and resources to drive practical action on climate change,
biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distribut ...
and sustainable development over the next seven to ten years.
Reception
Speaking of Palmer's work ''The Jesus Sutras'', scholar David Wilmshurst criticised the work as a "...
New age
New Age is a range of Spirituality, spiritual or Religion, religious practices and beliefs that rapidly grew in Western world, Western society during the early 1970s. Its highly eclecticism, eclectic and unsystematic structure makes a precise d ...
fantasy..." and stated that Palmer's reading of
Tang era
Nestorian
Nestorianism is a term used in Christian theology and Church history to refer to several mutually related but doctrinarily distinct sets of teachings. The first meaning of the term is related to the original teachings of Christian theologian ...
texts and his claim of syncretism of Nestorianism with
Eastern religions The Eastern religions are the religions which originated in East, South and Southeast Asia and thus have dissimilarities with Western and African religions. Eastern religions include:
* East Asian religions such as Confucianism, Taoism, Tengrism ...
is inaccurate and misleading. Wilmshurst also states that "As the Sian
i'anTablet inscription demonstrates, they
he Nestorians in Chinawere orthodox Christians who pointedly distinguished themselves from both the
Taoist
Taoism or Daoism (, ) is a diverse philosophical and religious tradition indigenous to China, emphasizing harmony with the Tao ( zh, p=dào, w=tao4). With a range of meaning in Chinese philosophy, translations of Tao include 'way', 'road', ...
s and the
Buddhist
Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...
s." Wilmshurst described Palmer's book as being part of a long conflict between what he termed romantic (making overzealous interpretations) and
realist (making more sober interpretations) researchers who have studied Chinese Nestorianism since the discovery of the
Xi'an Stele in 1625.
James Morris of the
University of St. Andrews wrote that while "Palmer has done wonders in popularizing the subject matter
f medieval Christianity in Chinaand that his "assertion that Taoism had an effect on ''Táng-''period Christian texts is no doubt useful" he has also criticised Palmer for having "an uncanny ability to draw upon early 20th-century scholarship as if it were factual." Morris also stated that Palmer's conclusion that the
Daqin Pagoda was of Christian origin is inconclusive and premature until more research is conducted.
Selected publications
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References
External links
* ''
Baltic Crusades'', BBC Radio 4,
''In Our Time''br>
link Martin Palmer on the panel with
Aleks Pluskowski and
Nora Berend.
''The Nicene Creed'' ''In Our Time'', Martin Palmer on the panel with
Caroline Humfress and
Andrew Louth, 2007.
* ''
ICOREC''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Palmer, Martin
1953 births
Living people
British translators
British Anglicans
Alumni of Selwyn College, Cambridge
Chinese–English translators
British sinologists