Mark Fredriksen (18 November 1936 – 25 August 2011) was a French extreme right figure and the founder, in 1966, of the

neo-Nazi Neo-Nazism comprises the post–World War II militant, social, and political movements that seek to revive and reinstate Nazism, Nazi ideology. Neo-Nazis employ their ideology to promote hatred and Supremacism#Racial, racial supremacy (ofte ...

'' Fédération d'action nationaliste et européenne''.

Biography

Fredriksen co-edited ''Notre Europe'', which was the mouthpiece of the Revolutionary Nationalist Groups (GNR), a

Third Position The Third Position is a set of neo-fascist political ideologies that were first described in Western Europe following the Second World War. Developed in the context of the Cold War, it developed its name through the claim that it represented ...

group headed by François Duprat, who later joined the National Front (FN). He also stood as a candidate for the National Front (FN) at a time when the party sought out alliances with more radical groups due to the impact on their support that the Parti des forces nouvelles (PFN) was having. Fredriksen was a strong critic of the PFN, arguing that they were just a more militant version of mainstream

Gaullism Gaullism ( ) is a Politics of France, French political stance based on the thought and action of World War II French Resistance leader Charles de Gaulle, who would become the founding President of France, President of the Fifth French Republic. ...

. As such Fredriksen was the FN candidate in

Seine-Saint-Denis () is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as ' or ' ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobi ...

in the 1978 election where his 1.4% vote share was actually one of the higher results for the far right in an election in which they failed to prosper. Fredriksen left the FN after the murder of François Duprat, feeling that

Jean-Marie Le Pen Jean Louis Marie Le Pen (20 June 1928 – 7 January 2025), commonly known as Jean-Marie Le Pen (), was a French politician, lawyer and activist. He founded the far-right National Front (now National Rally) party and served as the party's presi ...

was too 'soft' for his liking. Fredriksen's controversial opinions made him a target for direct attacks more than once. On 19 September 1980 Fredriksen and a group of his supporters were attacked at the

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

palace of justice by a group of people claiming to represent the Jewish Defense Organization. Fredriksen suffered a further attack on 12 October that year and had to be treated in hospital. In 1981, Frederiksen was sentenced to 18 months in prison, with 12 months suspended, plus 33,000 Francs in fines, for racist remarks and pro-Nazi sentiments in ''Notre Europe''. He died on 25 August 2011.

Bibliography

References

1936 births 2011 deaths French criminals French neo-Nazis French politicians convicted of crimes French prisoners and detainees French people of Norwegian descent National Rally politicians {{France-politician-FN-stub Neo-Nazi politicians People convicted of racial hatred offences People convicted of speech crimes Prisoners and detainees of France