Mari Ruef Hofer
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Mari Ruef Hofer (1858/59-1929) was an American educator, composer, writer, and lecturer. Along with her sisters, she was a pioneer in the
kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
movement. She gained familiary with discipline through her work in music rhythms and games. Hofer was the author of song books and books about dance.


Early life and education

Mari Ruef Hofer was born July 18, 1858/9, in
Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...
. Her parents were Andreas Franz and Marianna (Ruef) Hofer. She was of German ancestry. She was educated at
Mount Carroll Seminary The Mount Carroll Seminary was the name of Shimer College from 1853 to 1896. The Seminary was located in Mount Carroll, Illinois, in the United States. A pioneering institution in its time and place, the Mount Carroll Seminary served as a center ...
in
Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...
, graduating in Music and Literature. She also studied at the
University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or UChi) is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, Chic ...
.


Career

Her first work was the supervision of public school music in
La Crosse, Wisconsin La Crosse ( ) is a city in La Crosse County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. Positioned alongside the Mississippi River, La Crosse is the largest city on Wisconsin's western border. La Crosse's population was 52,680 as of the 202 ...
. From there she went to
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
, pursuing her teaching in the public schools of that city, and finally becoming interested in and specializing in the kindergarten work. Here she gave normal training in music in the Chicago Kindergarten College, the Chicago Free Kindergarten Association, the training school of the
Chicago Commons Chicago Commons, known since 1954 as the Chicago Commons Association, is a social service organization and former settlement house in Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. Originally located on the near Northwest Side and now headquartered in ...
, besides lecturing in the leading training schools of the country. Her last public school work was the successful organizing of Music and Games in
Rochester, New York Rochester is a city in and the county seat, seat of government of Monroe County, New York, United States. It is the List of municipalities in New York, fourth-most populous city and 10th most-populated municipality in New York, with a populati ...
. From Rochester, she came to
Teachers College, Columbia University Teachers College, Columbia University (TC) is the graduate school of education affiliated with Columbia University, a private research university in New York City. Founded in 1887, Teachers College has been a part of Columbia University since ...
, in
New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
, where she became established, both as Extension Lecturer for the College and in the New York Public School Lecture Course. She was also Instructor of Music in the New York Froebel Normal and a regular member of the faculty of the Summer School of the South, at
Knoxville, Tennessee Knoxville is a city in Knox County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the Tennessee River and had a population of 190,740 at the 2020 United States census. It is the largest city in the East Tennessee Grand Division ...
. Hofer also taught at
Chautauqua Chautauqua ( ) is an adult education and social movement in the United States that peaked in popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Chautauqua assemblies expanded and spread throughout rural America until the mid-1920s. The Cha ...
,
University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...
,
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his The Lawn, Academical Village, a World H ...
, and
University of Tennessee The University of Tennessee, Knoxville (or The University of Tennessee; UT; UT Knoxville; or colloquially UTK or Tennessee) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Knoxville, Tennessee, United St ...
. Hofer was the author of ''Music for the Child World'' (three vols.); ''Popular Folk Games and Dances''; ''Singing Games, Old and New''; ''Children's Messiah''; ''Bethlehem-Nativity Play''; and ''Polite and social dances; a collection of historic dances, Spanish, Italian, French, English, German, American; with historical sketches, descriptions of the dances and instructions for their performance''. Her collection entitled, ''Popular Folk Games and Dances'', came after years of devotion to the service of song and play, their affect in the developing life of childhood, and the need of extending their influence to those of mature years. The selections were made with a judgment that came after long familiarity with the subject. She published valuable compilations of music for use in the kindergarten, Sunday School and the playground. She contributed to the "Playground" number of ''Charities'' and the ''Commons''. Hofer's special interests included was interested in the
settlement movement The settlement movement was a reformist social movement that began in the 1880s and peaked around the 1920s in the United Kingdom and the United States. Its goal was to bring the rich and the poor of society together in both physical proximity an ...
,
playground A playground, playpark, or play area is a place designed to provide an environment for children that facilitates play, typically outdoors. While a playground is usually designed for children, some are designed for other age groups, or people wi ...
work, and public recreation for people in the form of festivals, pageants, and civic music. She devoted all her leisure to the arranging of plays and games for festivals and playground work. Her interests also included internationalism and less conceit in Americanisms, believing we would gain in culture by knowing other people better. She read and translated German and credited her interest and large acquaintance with folklore and traditions to this source. Her recreations included singing folk songs and folk dancing. She felt that the resources of other eras and countries brought enrichment of life in our own country; and now we are trying to possess ourselves of the joy and spirit in the folk games and dances of many nations. Hofer was a member of the
Chicago Woman's Club The Chicago Woman's Club was formed in 1876 by women in Chicago who were interested in "self and social improvement." The club was notable for creating educational opportunities in the Chicago region and helped create the first juvenile court in th ...
, Ridge Woman's Club,
City Club of Chicago The City Club of Chicago is a 501 (c)(3) nonpartisan, nonprofit membership organization intended to foster civic responsibility, promote public issues, and provide Chicago, Cook County, and Illinois with a forum for open political debate. The ...
, and Fellowship House Club.


Death

Mari Ruef Hofer died in 1929.


Selected works

* ''Camp Recreations and Pageants'' (1927)
text
* ''Children's Messiah'' (1908) * ''Children's Singing Games, Old and New, for vacation schools, play grounds, etc.'' (1901) * ''Christmas in Peasant France'' (1915) * ''Christmasse in Merrie England: With Old Carols, Dances and a Masque'' (1915)
text
] * ''Music for the Child World'' (three vols.). Music editor of Vols. I. and II., Calvin B. Cady; music editor of Vol. III., Fannie L. Gwinner Cole. (1900-1902)
text

text
* ''Old Tunes, New Rimes, and Games for Kindergarten and Primary Grades'' (1917)
text
* ''Polite and social dances; a collection of historic dances, Spanish, Italian, French, English, German, American; with historical sketches, descriptions of the dances and instructions for their performance'' (1917) * ''Popular Folk Games and Dances'' (1923)
text
* ''Seasonal Festivals and Pageants: Harvest Festival'' (1916)
text
* ''The Story of Bethlehem, a Beautiful Nativity Play'' (1916)


Notes


References


External links


Mari Ruef Hofer
at hymnary.org

at hymntime.com

via The Society of Folk Dance Historians (SFDH) {{DEFAULTSORT:Hofer, Mari Ruef 1850s births 1929 deaths 20th-century American composers 20th-century American non-fiction writers 20th-century American educators People from Iowa University of Chicago alumni